Objective This study systematically evaluated the clinical efficacy of Shangke Jiegu tablet in the treatment of fracture,and explored the mechanism of action of Shangke Jiegu tablet and the compatibility of each efficacy group from the"Disease-Symptom-Formula"perspective.Methods Clinical research literatures on the use of Shangke Jiegu tablet for fracture intervention were retrieved from Chinese databases(CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP database)and English databases(PubMed,Cochrane Library,EMbase),covering the period from the inception of the databases to January 2024.Risk assessment tools were used to evaluate the literature's quality,and the data were extracted and analyzed using Stata 16.0 software.Gene sets associated with fracture symptoms were identified through the TCMIP platform(version 2.0).Differential gene expression related to fractures was obtained from the GEO database.Chemical composition and candidate target profiles of the 12 herbs in Shangke Jiegu tablets were collected from TCMIP v 2.0.An interaction network between fracture-related genes and drug candidate targets was established,and core network targets were screened based on topological features,with functional enrichment analysis performed.Results A total of 14 articles were incorporated into the Meta-analysis,encompassing a total sample size of 1 293 cases,indicating an overall response rate of Shangke Jiegu tablets in fracture therapy(RR=1.24,95%CI:1.18-1.31,P<0.001).The"Disease-Symptom-Formula"association network analysis indicated that the pathways related to the putative targets of Shangke Jiegu tablet were primarily involved in bone healing,nerve and blood system regulation,and immune-inflammation regulation.Different efficacy groups within the prescriptions showed varying emphases on these roles.Conclusions Shangke Jiegu tablet may facilitate fracture healing by regulating blood and nervous systems,correcting immune-inflammatory imbalances,and maintaining bone and energy metabolism.The comprehensive effects include the dissipation of blood stasis,the promotion of blood circulation,the alleviation of swelling and pain,the regeneration of muscles and bones,and the clearance of heat and detoxification.These findings support the clinical advantages and positioning of Shangke Jiegu tablet.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious diseases. It has the characteristics of high recurrence rate and prolonged course. At present, the problem of antibiotic resistance is becoming more and more serious, the incidence of adverse reactions is high, and the disadvantages of long-term administration appear, which brings severe challenges to the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infection. The prevention and treatment of UTI recurrence has become the focus of research. Recurrent urinary tract infection is related to the immune regulation mechanism of the body. Administration of immune regulation can provide new ideas for prevention and treatment. The vaccine based on immune regulation to prevent rUTI has made some progress. It can not only reduce the frequency of recurrences, but also decrease related symptoms. At the same time, the vaccine has good tolerance, high safety and good application prospect. This paper aims to summarize the progress of immune regulation and immune vaccines in vivo and clinical research.