An HPLC method for the determination of 18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid and 18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid in rat plasma was established, which was used subsequently to determine the pharmacokinetic profiles of both epimers of glycyrrhetinic acid in rats. alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid, beta-glycyrrhetinic acid, and a mixture of alpha-glycyrrhetinic and beta-glycyrrhetinic acids were administered to rats via gastric infusion. Blood samples were collected at different time intervals and extracted by liquid-liquid extraction. Separation was achieved by using a Kromasil C18 column (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) with the mobile phase composed of acetonitrile--4 mmol x L(-1) ammonium acetate solution (46 : 54, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1), and the detection wavelength was set at 250 nm. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the software DAS 2.0. In a combined administration, the main pharmacokinetic parameters of beta-glycyrrhetinic acid are significantly different from that of alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was obtained when administrated individually. Compared to the single administration, significant differences (P < 0.05) on the values of AUC(0-t) and AUC(0-infinity) of beta-glycyrrhetinic acid were observed when this chemical was administrated together with alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid. In contrast, the pharmacokinetic parameters of alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid were not affected even under the co-administration. Here, a sensitive, specific, rapid and reproducible HPLC method was developed for the pharmacokinetic studies of alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid and beta-glycyrrhetinic acid in rat plasma.

In view of the fact that the large quantities of data contained in the medical image do not have a favorable setting for effective storage and transmission in the existing network, we have developed a JPEG2000 DICOM image compression kit using VC++, and we have realized the medical image storage service according to the C-STORE rule of DICOM standard. The results showed that the medical image processed by JPEG2000 compression algorithm not only greatly saved the storage space, but also reduced the band width needed by transmission. In this paper is discussed the DICOM image compressed by JPEG2000 compression algorithm in DICOM strorage service application. The significance of JPEG2000 compression algorithm in the development of picutre archiving and communication systems (PACS) and telemedicine is also explained.
Algorithms ; Computer Communication Networks ; instrumentation ; Data Compression ; Diagnostic Imaging ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Medical Records Systems, Computerized

Objective To investigate the effect of lumboperitoneal (L-P) shunt and ventriculoperitoneal(V-P) shunt for trea-ting the patients with communicating hydrocephalus .Methods The databases of PubMed ,Web of Science ,Scopuss ,Karge , EBSCO+MEDLINE ,OVID ,EMBASE ,CNKI ,CBM disc databases ,Wanfang databases ,Weipu databases were retrieved by com-puter .The relevant literatures about L-P shunt and V-P shunt for treating communicating hydrocephalus included in these databases during 1990-2016 were collected and performed the meta analysis by using the STATA 12 .0 software .Results The success rate of L-P shunt in treating communicating hydrocephalus was apparently higher than that of V-P shunt(P<0 .05) .Moreover ,postopera-tive infection rate ,obstruction rate of shunt system and total postoperative complications rate in L-P shunt were apparently lower than those of V-P shunt(P<0 .05) ,However ,there was no statistical difference in shunt poor rate between L-P shunt and V-P shunt(P>0 .05) .Conclusion L-P shunt is worth recommending .But due to lower quality of the evidences ,it is needed more high quality primary studies to remedy the insufficiency of the study .

BACKGROUND:Total knee arthroplasty is an effective treatment for late-stage osteoarthritis,but postoperative pain and joint function recovery are the main challenges.Nerve block and mixed drug injection are two common pain relief methods,but the effect of their combined use is still unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of ultrasound-guided continuous adductor canal block+single sciatic nerve block+"cocktail"mixed drug analgesia on postoperative pain relief and joint function recovery in total knee arthroplasty. METHODS:120 patients with osteoarthritis admitted to Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine from January to May 2022 were randomly divided into two groups(n=60).The observation group received ultrasound-guided continuous adductor canal block+single sciatic nerve block+"cocktail"mixed drug analgesia.The control group received ultrasound-guided continuous adductor canal block+single sciatic nerve block.The differences in visual analog scale score,hospital for special surgery score,pain mediators,expression levels of inflammatory factors,the occurrence of adverse reactions,and postoperative barehanded muscle strength test were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The visual analog scale scores at rest and exercise were lower in the observation group than those in the control group at 6,8,12,24,48,and 72 hours postoperatively(P<0.05).(2)Hospital for special surgery scores at 1 and 3 months postoperatively were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group(P<0.05).(3)In terms of pain mediators and inflammatory factors,the expression levels were significantly lower in the observation group than those in the control group(P<0.05).(4)There was no statistically significant difference in terms of adverse effects and postoperative barehanded muscle strength examination between the two groups(P>0.05).(5)In total knee arthroplasty,ultrasound-guided continuous adductor canal block and single sciatic nerve block,together with a"cocktail"mixed drug analgesia injected into the joint cavity,can provide excellent analgesia,facilitate the recovery of joint function,and relieve postoperative pain and inflammation with a high degree of safety.

Background: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been regarded as a new tumor biomarker in recent years, but studies on effect of lncRNA in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer is limited. Aims: To investigate the relationship between the changes of lncRNA and clinicopathologic features, prognosis of colorectal cancer. Methods: LncRNA related to the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients collected from TCGA data were screened by Cox analysis, and the correlation between lncRNA and clinicopathologic features was analyzed. Colorectal cancer cell line stably low-expressed with LINC00327 was constructed. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect gene expression, cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 assay, and cell invasion was determined by Transwell experiment. Results: There were 94 lncRNA that varied in frequency between 5% and 31%, 7 of which with mRNA expression changes (DSCR4A, DSCR8, FAM138F, LINC00161, LINC00303, LINC00313, LINC00315) were associated with low overall survival rate; 6 of which with copy number alteration (LINC00327, LINC00352, LINC00362, LINC00424, LINC00566, LINC00621) were related to tumor recurrence. The above mentioned mRNA expression change was significantly correlated with age and lymph node metastasis. Copy number alteration was closely correlated with clinical stage and vascular infiltration. The down-regulation of LINC00327 could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of tumor cells. Conclusions: LncRNA that related to the prognosis and clinicopathologic features of colorectal cancer patients can be used for early diagnosis, prediction of progression and analysis of prognosis of colorectal cancer. LINC00327 may be considered as a potential oncogene.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of chidamide in the maintenance therapy for patients with T-cell lymphoma (TCL).Methods:A prospective, single-arm clinical study was conducted. A total of 53 TCL patients who achieved partial remission (PR) and above after first-line induction chemotherapy in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Military Medical University from May 2018 to July 2020 were included, among which 28 cases underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after induction chemotherapy, and then received maintenance therapy with chidamide initiating 30 to 45 days after transplantation (the transplantation group); 25 cases began to receive maintenance therapy with chidamide about 30 days after 6 to 8 courses of first-line induction chemotherapy (non-transplantation group). Chidamide usage was listed as follows: oral, 20-30 mg per time, 2 times per week, at intervals of not less than 3 d and the therapy was maintained for 2 years or until disease progression or intolerance. The main study endpoint was the 2-year recurrence rate, and the secondary study endpoints included the 1-year recurrence rate, the 1- and 2-year progression free survival (PFS) rate, the 1- and 2-year overall survival (OS) rate, and the safety of maintenance therapy.Results:The median follow-up was 13.5 months (range 5 to 51 months). After 6 to 8 courses of first-line induction chemotherapy in 53 patients with TCL, complete remission (CR) was achieved in 29 (54.7%) cases and PR in 24 (45.3%) cases. The proportion of patients aged ≤ 60 years and those achieving CR before maintenance treatment in the transplantation group was higher than that in non-transplantation group (both P < 0.05). During maintenance therapy, the best remission reached CR in 84.9% (45/53) of patients; CR rates during maintenance therapy were 89.3% (25/28) and 80.0% (20/25), respectively in the transplantation and non-transplantation groups; and PR rates were 10.7% (3/28), and 20.0% (5/25) ( χ2 = 0.31, P = 0.577). Among the 53 patients with TCL, 21 cases had recurrence with a 1-year recurrence rate of 26.4% (14/53) and a 2-year recurrence rate of 39.6% (21/53). The 2-year recurrence rates were 42.9% (12/28) and 36.0% (9/25), respectively in the transplantation and non-transplantation groups, and the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2 = 0.26, P = 0.610). The 1-year recurrence rates of patients receiving chidamide maintenance therapy with different international prognostic index (IPI) scores and whether achieving CR before maintenance therapy or not showed statistically significant differences (all P < 0.05); the 2-year recurrence rates of patients receiving chidamide maintenance therapy with different IPI scores, bone involvement or not and whether achieving CR before maintenance therapy or not showed statistically significant differences (all P < 0.05). The 1-year PFS and OS rates were 80.7% and 88.6%, and the 2-year PFS and OS rates were 61.1% and 71.9% in 53 patients. The 1-year PFS rates of patients in the transplantation and non-transplantation groups were 81.1% and 80.2% ( P = 0.774), and the 1-year OS rates were 89.3% and 87.4%, respectively ( P = 0.736). The 2-year PFS rates were 60.4% and 61.3% ( P = 0.440), and the 2-year OS rates were 72.7% and 70.6% ( P = 0.510). No patient discontinued chidamide maintenance therapy due to adverse drug reactions during maintenance therapy; ≥ grade 3 adverse drug reactions included neutropenia (9 cases, 23.1%), anemia (7 cases, 17.9%), thrombocytopenia (6 cases, 16.2%) and electhrolyte disturbance (1 case, 5.3%). The chidamide dosage was adjusted to 20 mg per time due to leucopenia in 7 patients and thrombocytopenia in 3 patients. Conclusions:Maintenance therapy with chidamide can reduce recurrence rate and prolong survival time of TCL patients, and it has a favorable safety.

Objective To explore the lipid-lowering effect of Qige Decoction before and after compatibility through the combination of pharmacodynamics and liver metabolomics,and to provide new research strategies for exploring the scientific notation of traditional Chinese medicine compatibility.Methods According to the pharmacodynamic strategy,three groups of drug administration were set up as Qige Decoction group,Astragali Radix-Puerariae Radix group,and Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae group.Four indices of blood lipids,serum biochemical indicators,and liver morphology and pathology were used to evaluate the intervention effect of Qige Decoction on hyperlipidemic rats.Liver metabolomics technology was used to analyze the effects of Qige Decoction on metabolites before and after compatibility,and multivariate statistical analysis was used to evaluate the differences between groups in terms of differential metabolites and metabolic pathways.Results Compared with the model group,the callback abilities of four indices of blood lipid in the Qige Decoction group were higher than those in Astragali Radix-Puerariae Radix group and Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae group,among which the total cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride(TG)levels in the Qige Decoction group decreased(P＜0.05).A total of 86 potential biomarkers were identified by liver metabolomics,with 23,13,and 7 metabolites being significantly different in the Qige Decoction group,Astragali Radix-Puerariae Radix group,and Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae group,respectively(P＜0.05).Metabolic pathway analysis of 29 specific biomarkers with significant callback effects showed that they were related to glycerophospholipid metabolism,linoleic acid metabolism,α-linolenic acid metabolism,sphingolipid metabolism,arachidonic acid metabolism,and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.Qige Decoction mainly regulates glycerophospholipid and linoleic acid metabolism,and uniquely acts on sphingolipid metabolism.Conclusion Qige Decoction has more lipid-lowering targets after compatibility,with better lipid-lowering effects than the Astragali Radix-Puerariae Radix group and Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae group.This study provides experimental evidence and research strategies for further revealing the scientific notation of traditional Chinese medicine compatibility.

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma(PTCL)is a group of hematological malignant tumors with high heterogeneity.At present,CHOP(cyclophosphamide,vincristine,prednisone,doxorubicin)or CHOP-like regimens are usually used for first-line treatment,but the remission rate is low,and the prognosis is poor.It is urgent to improve the traditional chemotherapy regimens to improve the efficacy onthe basis of tradtional che-motherapeutic regimen.Recent studies have found that the epigenetic alterations are crucial in the pathogene-sis of PTCL,and more and more new epigenetic targeted drugs have shown good effects and safety in the monotherapy and combination therapy of PTCL,which provide a new strategy for the precise diagnosis and treatment of PTCL.This article reviews the latest progress in epigenetic changes of PTCL and the prospects of targeted drug therapy applications,in order to provide reference for improving the clinical prognosis of the patients with PTCL.

The accurate annotation of transcription start sites(TSSs)and their usage are critical for the mechanistic understanding of gene regulation in different biological contexts.To fulfill this,specific high-throughput experimental technologies have been developed to capture TSSs in a genome-wide manner,and various computational tools have also been developed for in silico pre-diction of TSSs solely based on genomic sequences.Most of these computational tools cast the problem as a binary classification task on a balanced dataset,thus resulting in drastic false positive predictions when applied on the genome scale.Here,we present DeeReCT-TSS,a deep learning-based method that is capable of identifying TSSs across the whole genome based on both DNA sequence and conventional RNA sequencing data.We show that by effectively incorporating these two sources of information,DeeReCT-TSS significantly outperforms other solely sequence-based methods on the precise annotation of TSSs used in different cell types.Furthermore,we develop a meta-learning-based extension for simultaneous TSS annotations on 10 cell types,which enables the identification of cell type-specific TSSs.Finally,we demonstrate the high precision of DeeReCT-TSS on two independent datasets by correlating our predicted TSSs with experimentally defined TSS chromatin states.The source code for DeeReCT-TSS is available at https://github.-com/JoshuaChou2018/DeeReCT-TSS_release and https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/biocode/tools/BT007316.

The purpose of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic profiles of tetramethylpyrazine phosphate (TMPP) in plasma and extracellular fluid of the cerebral cortex of rats via three delivery routes: intranasal (i.n.), intragastric (i.g.) and intravenous (i.v.) administration. After i.n., i.g. and i.v. administration of a single-dose at 10 mg/kg, cerebral cortex dialysates and plasma samples drawn from the carotid artery were collected at timed intervals. The concentration of TMPP in the samples was analyzed by HPLC. The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and the ratio of the AUCbrain to the AUCplasma (drug targeting efficiency, DTE) was calculated to evaluate the brain targeting efficiency of the drug via these different routes of administration. After i.n. administration, TMPP was rapidly absorbed to reach its peak plasma concentration within 5 min and showed a delayed uptake into cerebral cortex (t max=15 min). The ratio of the AUCbrain dialysates value between i.n. route and i.v. injection was 0.68, which was greater than that obtained after i.g. administration (0.43). The systemic bioavailability obtained with i.n. administration was greater than that obtained by the i.g. route (86.33% vs. 50.39%), whereas the DTE of the nasal route was 78.89%, close to that of oral administration (85.69%). These results indicate that TMPP is rapidly absorbed from the nasal mucosa into the systemic circulation, and then crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the cerebral cortex. Intranasal administration of TMPP could be a promising alternative to intravenous and oral approaches.