Aim To explore the effect of propofol preconditioning on cardiocyte apoptosis and cytochrome C release from mitochondria during hypoxia/reoxygenation in isolated rat hearts.Methods Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250～300 g were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=10 each):control group(C);Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)preconditioning group(D);3 propofol preconditioning groups with 25 ?mol?L-1(P1)、50 ?mol?L-1(P2)、100 ?mol?L-1(P3)propofol respectively.The isolated rat hearts were retrogradely perfused via aorta with K-H solution on Langendorff apparatus.The isolated hearts were made hypoxia for 30 minutes followed by 60 minutes reoxygenation in each group.The D,P1,P2,P3 groups were preconditioned by perfusing 10 min K-H solution containing 20 ?mol?L-1 DMSO and 25,50,100 ?mol?L-1 propofol respectively and then followed by 5 min K-H solution reperfusion before hypoxia.The preconditioning procedure was repeated twice.The cardiac functional variables were recorded after equilibration(baseline values),immediately before hypoxia,at the end of 30 min and 60 min reoxygenation.Apoptotic myocardial cells were detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling(TUNEL)and the level of cytochrome C expression in myocardial cytosol and mitochondria was measured by Western blot at the end of reoxygenation.Results At the end of 30 min and 60 min reoxygenation,LVEDP was significantly lower and LVDP was significantly higher in P1,P2,P3 groups than in D group(P

Objective To observe the effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine on preventing myoclonus induced by etomidate.Methods One hundred patients who ASA classification Ⅰ-Ⅱ grades were divided into two groups by random digits table method with 50 cases each.Before anesthesia induction with dexmedetomidine 1 μ g/kg (dexmedetomidine group) or equivalent 0.9％ sodium chloride (control group) intranasal,30 min after two groups were injected etomidate 0.3 mg/kg.Mean artery pressure(MAP),heart rate (HR),oxygen saturation with pulse oximetry (SpO2) and respiratary rate were recorded before intranasal instillation of dexmedetomidine (T0),at l5 min (T1) and 30 min (T2) after intranasal dexmedetomidine,myoclonus was observed and graded.Results The MAP,HR at T2 was lower than that at T0 in dexmedetomidine group [(75.9 ± 8.1) mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) vs.(81.4 ± 10.4) mm Hg,(80.9 ± 7.6) times/min vs.(85.9 ± 9.1) times/min],there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05),but all within the normal range; other within the group at each time point had no statistical significance between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of myoclonus was significantly reduced in dexmedetomidine group compared with that in control group [42％(21/50) vs.70％(35/50)],there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Intranasal instillation of dexmedetomidine can safely prevent myoclonus induced by etomidate.

Objective To study the application of Supreme laryngeal mask airway (SLMA) with new type to the general anesthesia of lateral position. Methods Sixty patients with ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ who planned to receive selective poster laparoscopic surgery were divided into SLMA group and general tracheal tuber (GTT) group with 30 cases of each by random digits table. After fast intravenous induction SLMA and GTT were intubated respectively to obtain artificial airway in each group. The time of intubation, efficiency of success,heart rate(HR), invasive blood pressure(IVBP),airway pressure,side effects were observed and recorded. Results The intubation time in SLMA group [(15.1 ±4.0) s] was shorter than that in GTT group [(30.5 ±: 16.2) s] (t' =-5.05,P ＜0.05); there was no significant difference in efficiency of success between two groups [96.7%(29/30) vs. 76.7%(23/30),P＞ 0.05]. There was no significant difference in HR and IVBP during the time of intubation and extubation in SLMA group(P＞ 0.05), but not in GTT group(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the change of the airway pressure between two groups during the ventilation. There were no complications in two groups. Conclusions The time of SLMA intubation in the general anesthesia with lateral position is short. The effect of intubation and extubation to HR and blood pressure is light. The SLMA intubation is another way to set up safely artificial airway.

Aim To identify whether the petroleum e-ther fraction of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis ( GJ-PE ) could effetive exhibit a rapid antidepressant effect and also to investigate the biological mechanism. Methods Tail suspension test ( TST ) , forced swimming test ( FST ) and novelty suppressed-feeding ( NSF ) were used to screen the rapid antidepressant potential of ef-fective fractions of GJ-PE in KM mice at 24 h post a single administration. Tail suspension test ( TST) was also used at 30 min and forced swimming test ( FST ) was used at 2 h to test the initial onset time of effective fractions of GJ-PE in KM mice. Western blot was per-formed to examine the expression of BDNF and p-eEF2 in hippocampus of KM mice at 2 h and 24 h. Results An acute administration of GJ-PE1 decreased the im-mobility time of KM mice in FST at 2 h and 24 h and decreased the latency time in NSF at 24 h. GJ-PE3 de-creased the latency time in NSF at 24 h. GJ-PE4 in-creased the unit food consumption in NSF at 24 h. At 2 h post a single GJ-PE1 treatment, the expression of BDNF was significantly up-regulated while the expres-sion of p-eEF2 was significantly down-regulated. At 24 h post a single GJ-PE1 treatment, the expression of BDNF was significantly down-regulated while p-eEF2 expression was significantly up-regulated. Conclusion GJ-PE1 has the most significant rapid antidepressant potential among the four fractions of GJ-PE. The effec-tive time of GJ-PE1 is 2 h after drug treatment. The mechanism of the rapid antidepressant effect of GJ-PE1 at 2 h is related to the up-regulation of BDNF and down-regulation of p-eEF2 . GJ-PE3 and GJ-PE4 also have some features of rapid antidepressants. GJ-PE2 doesn′t have the rapid antidepressant potential.

【Objective】 To explore the effects of sexual function-preserving 450 nm blue laser vaporization of the prostate on the postoperative sexual function of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and to evaluate the clinical efficacy, safety and feasibility of this procedure. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 20 BPH patients treated in our department during Jan. and Mar.2023 were analyzed. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Quality of Life Scale (QoL) score, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), residual urine volume (PVR) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) data were compared before and after the operation. The operation time, postoperative catheter indwelling time, and hospital stay were recorded. The ejaculation status 2 months after operation was followed up. 【Results】 All 20 patients completed the operation successfully. The operation time was (13.41±4.30) min, catheter indwelling time (1.2±0.4) d, and hospital stay (3.0±0.6) d. The IPSS, QoL, PVR and Qmax data 1 month after operation were significantly improved compared with those before operation (P<0.01). Two months after operation, all patients had sex and ejaculated, and no retrograde ejaculation occurred. The erection function remained unchanged (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 The modified 450 nm blue laser vaporization of the prostate can improve the urination symptoms of BPH patients while retaining sexual function. It is a safe and feasible technique for BPH patients who have sexual needs, and provides an alternative surgical approach for those looking to preserve sexual function.

【Objective】 To investigate the efficacy and safety of 450 nm blue laser with 6 o’clock positioning in the treatment of middle lobe hyperplasia of prostate, in order to promote the clinical application of this surgery. 【Methods】 Clinical data of 20 patients with middle lobe hyperplasia of prostate treated with 450 nm blue laser with 6 o’clock positioning during Mar.and Aug.2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The operation time, postoperative bladder irrigation time, catheter indwelling time, hospital stay, and complications were recorded.The maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), post-void residual volume (PVR), quality of life scale (QoL), international prostate symptom score (IPSS) before surgery and 1 month after surgery were compared. 【Results】 The operation time was (26.80±7.22) min, and bladder irrigation time was (20.50±1.79) h.The catheter was removed on the next day after surgery and all patients were discharged 2 days after operation.Compared to preoperative, one month after surgery, the Qmax [(7.40±1.05) mL/s vs.(19.60±1.76) mL/s] was significantly higher, PVR [(73.50±12.26) mL vs.(9.25±4.94) mL], QoL [(4.55±1.19) vs.(1.95±0.95)], and IPSS [(26.55±1.88) vs.(10.05±1.36)] were significantly lower, the differences being statistically significant (P<0.05).No complications occurred during operation and 1-month follow-up. 【Conclusion】 The 450 nm blue laser with 6 o’clock positioning is a new, safe and effective surgical treatment of middle lobe hyperplasia of prostate, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.