Objective To explore the effect of TLR2 on collagen Ⅰ(colⅠ) in adipose tissue of high-fat-diet induced obese mice.Methods Male C57bl/6J mice and TLR2 knockout mice were divided into groups according to high fat diet or normal chow.Total collagen, TLR2, colⅠ, MMP1, MMP2, TIMP1, colⅠα1 mRNA and colⅠα2 mRNA in adipose tissue were measured at the end of the experiments.Results Total collagen, TLR2, colⅠ, MMP2, TIMP1, colⅠα1 mRNA, and colⅠα2 mRNA in adipose tissue increased while MMP1 in adipose tissue decreased in mice with high fat diet.Decreased levels of total collagen, colⅠ, MMP2, TIMP1, colⅠα1 mRNA and colⅠα2 mRNA in adipose tissue were detected in TLR2 gene knockout mice with high fat diet.However, there was an increased level of MMP1 in TLR2 gene knockout mice with high fat diet.Conclusion In high-fat-diet induced obese mice, deposition of colⅠ in adipose tissue seems to be alleviated by TLR2 gene knockout via MMP1 and TIMP1.

Objective To evaluate the relationship of the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and endocranium invasion in the convex meningiomas.Methods Convex meningioma Simpson I level excises 51 patients were selected.The dural mater 15 mm around the rumors was resected,stochastically divided into four sections (0-1 mm,2-5 mm,6-10 mm,＞10 mm)for pathological inspection.Analysed statistically the study results based on microscopic observation of the HE staining slides and immunohistochemistry of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA).Results PCNA LI of the group with the endocranium invasion was 10.32±6.74,the other was 2.16±4.93.The atypical meningioma had a high endocranium invasion degree.Conclusion Pathologic grading of meningioma and the expressions of PCNA by immunohistochemical staining method are the factors affecting endoeranium invasion of the convex meningiomas.

Objective To explore the potential value of applying three-dimensional visualization technology in the robot-assisted laparoscopic nephron sparing partial nephrectomy.Methods From January to December 2018,98 patients with renal carcinoma undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic nephron sparing surgery were retrospectively analyzed.Forty-one patients in the experimental group accomplished kidney CT examination and three-dimensional reconstruction before surgery,and fifty-seven patients in the control group only completed kidney CT examination.There were 20 males and 21 females in the experimental group with the age of (51.39 ± 14.80) years and body mass index (BMI) of (23.54 ± 3.08) kg/m2.The median tumor diameter was 3.40 cm (range 1.90-8.30 cm) and the mean R.E.N.A.L.score was (5.83 ± 1.51) in the experimental group including 11 cases of transperitoneal,17 cases of retroperitoneal and 13 cases of combined transperitoneal and retroperitoneal access.There were 35 males and 22 females in the control group with the age of (52.84 ± 12.28) years and BMI of (24.01 ±3.30)kg/m2.The median tumor diameter was 3.35 cm (range 1.40-7.0 cm) and the mean R.E.N.A.L.score was (6.17 ± 1.77) in the control group including 15 cases of transperitoneal,31 cases of retroperitoneal and 11 cases of combined transperitoneal and retroperitoneal access.There was no statistical difference between two groups in term of age,gender,BMI score,R.E.N.A.L.score,tumor size,tumor location and operative approach.Results Ninety-eight cases of operation were successfully completed without causing vascular and ureteral injury.The warm ischemia time in the experimental group was significantly shorter than that of the control group [median 15.0 (7.0-26.0) min vs.20.0 (10.0-28.0) min,P--0.02],while no statistical difference was observed in term of operation time [median 130.0 (65.0-340.0) min vs.139.0 (67.0-250.0) min,P =0.22].There was no significant difference between the two groups in the decrease of hemoglobin within 24 hours after operation [median 20.0 (4.0-39.0) g/L vs.15.5 (2.0-40.0) g/L,P =0.56] and the average length of hospital stay after operation [median 6.0(4.0-14.0) d vs.6.0(5.0-14.0) d,P =0.86].The trend of creatinine declining was not statistically significant between the two groups at both 24 hours [median:2.0 (-10.0-28.0) μmol/L vs.7.5 (-17.0-51.0) μ mol/L,P =0.24] and 6 months after operation [median:2.0 (-12.0-57.0) μ mol/L vs.4.5 (-3.0-24.0) μmol/L,P =0.39].Conclusions Preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction is helpful to shorten the warm ischemia time,but it did not show short-term and long-term protection for renal function.

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is one of the common and difficult-to-treat orthopedic diseases caused by a variety of factors that lead to abnormal blood flow to the femoral head, which in turn leads to deformation and collapse of the femoral head and eventually results in severe hip joint dysfunction. The key to the treatment is early diagnosis and correct treatment according to the stage classification and active prevention of further aggravation of ONFH aiming to delay or avoid hip replacement surgery in young and middle-aged patients. At present, there are various non-surgical and surgical hip-preserving modalities for early ONFH, designed to slow down the progression of the disease, prevent the femoral head from collapsing and stop the mild collapse. In recent years, with the emergence and development of bone reconstruction biomaterials, artificial bone reconstruction after scraping of ONFH lesions has shown great potential in the treatment of early ONFH. The authors review the research progress in hip-preserving modalities for early ONFH in young and middle-aged patients from non-surgical and surgical perspectives, hoping to provide a reference for clinical treatment of early ONFH.

CRISPR-Associated Protein 9 ; Gene Editing ; CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics*