OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between 2 polymorphic loci (G-894T and T-786C) of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene and sporadic intracranial aneurysms.

METHODSTwo eNOS gene polymorphisms at G-894T and T-786C were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The genotype and allele frequencies were calculated for the patients and the control group and the association between the gene polymorphisms and the size of aneurysms was analyzed.

RESULTSSignificant differences were found in the genotype distribution for eNOS G-894T polymorphism between the patient and control groups. The GG genotype was associated with a higher risk of intracranial aneurysm than GT+TT genotype (OR:1.897, 95%CI: 1.023-3.519, P=0.04). The patients with intracranial aneurysms had a significantly higher eNOS T-786C C allele frequency than the control group. The C allele was associated with a higher risk of intracranial aneurysm than T allele (OR: 2.116, 95%CI: 1.073-4.151, P=0.030). No significant association was found between the eNOS polymorphisms and the size of aneurysms.

CONCLUSIONeNOS gene may be involved in the occurrence and development of intracranial aneurysms.

Alleles ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between the 3 polymorphic loci of endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA) gene and intracranial aneurysms.

METHODSThree EDNRA gene polymorphisms (rs5335, rs6842241, and rs6841581) were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The genotype and allele frequencies were calculated in the patients and the control group to analyze the association between the gene and the size of aneurysms.

RESULTSNo significant difference was found in the distribution of the EDNRA gene genotypes or allele frequencies between the patients and the control subjects. Only GG genotype of rs6841581 was found to significantly correlate with the size of aneurysms.

CONCLUSIONEDNRA gene rs6841581 has significant associations with the size of intracranial aneurysms, indicating a possible role of EDNRA in the genetic mechanisms of intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptor, Endothelin A ; genetics

Objective To understand the current situation and existing problems in the training of healthcare-asso-ciated infection(HAI)management,and provide scientific basis for strengthening the management of HAI preven-tion and control system.Methods A questionnaire survey was adopted to investigate situation of training on HAI in 15 provincial-level HAI training agencies in China during the past 30 years,and basic condition of training on HAI management in recent 5 years.Results Among 15 provincial-level training agencies,66.67%(n=10)were respon-sible by HAI management quality control centers,80.00% have already conducted training in each city,53.33%carried out training for 10 to 20 times,33.34% performed training for ≤2 times per year.Of 33 728 trainees in 2011-2015,41.30% were 41-50 years old,61.82% were nursing staff,50.56% had bachelor degree,43.96%were with the intermediate professional title.Most trainers were HAI prevention and control experts in their respec-tive province,accounting for 68.07%,the curriculums were mainly designed on professional course,and only 26.78% were involved in management.Conclusion Professional structure of HAI management personnel is not reasonable,faculty is imbalance,knowledge update is lacking,and HAI training and education system need to be improved further.

Objective To evaluate a model for axillary lymph node involvement combining CK19 mRNA with contrast enhanced ultrasound sonography (CEUS) score in operable breast cancer.Methods Operable breast cancer patients planned for sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy were enrolled.Preoperative CK19mRNA expressions in peripheral blood and CEUS score of axillary lymph nodes were tested before surgery.In the training set,postoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) and non-sentinel lymph node (nSLN) pathological results were taken as the gold standard,effective modeling variables were screened,logistic regression was used to establish the prediction model.Parallel control studies were conducted between the validation set and the MSKCC model to evaluate the prediction accuracy and prediction efficiency.Results From Oct 2015 to Nov 2016,359 cases (training set) were enrolled and mathematical formulas for predicting SLN and nSLN were established,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity and AUC of predicting SLN involvement were 91.36％,94.92％ and 0.979 respectively.The sensitivity,specificity and AUC of predicting nSLN metastasis were 91.04％,90.53％ and 0.932 respectively.From Dec 2016 to Jul 2017,219 cases (verification set) were included.The sensitivity of SLN metastasis predicted by the model was 91.84％,the specificity was 96.69％,and the AUC was 0.979,significantly superior to the MSKCC model (0.739).The sensitivity,specificity and AUC of predicting nSLN metastasis were 95.35％,92.73％ and 0.945 respectively,significantly superior to the MSKCC model (0.873).Concolusions Combined with peripheral blood CK19 mRNA and CEUS score,the prediction model for axillary lymph node involvement for operable breast cancer,SLN/nSLN involvement probability can be calculated and qualitative judgment can be made.The overall accuracy and AUC of this model are better than the prediction model of MSKCC.

Blast injury of the chest injury is the most common wound in modern war trauma and terrorist attacks, and is also the most fatal type of whole body explosion injury. Most patients with severe blast injury of the chest die in the early stage before hospitalization or during transportation, so first aid is critically important. At present, there exist widespread problems such as non-standard treatment and large difference in curative effect, while there lacks clinical treatment standards for blast injury of the chest. According to the principles of scientificity, practicality and advancement, the Trauma Society of Chinese Medical Association has formulated the guidance of classification, pre-hospital first aid, in-hospital treatment and major injury management strategies for blast injury of the chest, aiming to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Animals ; Monkeypox/drug therapy* ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use* ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/therapeutic use* ; Macaca fascicularis