Objective:To investigate the work-family conflict, work withdrawal behavior and psychological resilience of postpartum female nurses with the second-child, analyze the relationships between them, further analyze whether there is a mediating role of psychological resilience between work-family conflict and work withdrawal behavior.Methods:A total of 303 postpartum female nurses with the second-child were assessed with general information questionnaire, Work-Family Conflict Scale(WFC), Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC) and Work Withdrawal Behavior Scale(WWBS).Results:The total score of WFC was 53.22±13.63, and the highest score in the factor of time while lowest in the factor of behavior with 18.92±5.00,16.92±6.07. The total score of WWBS was 18.79±4.26, and the score of dimension of psychological withdrawal and behavioral withdrawal was 13.99±3.53, 4.80±1.22. The total score of CD-RISC was 88.81±16.45. The total scores and scores of each dimension of WFC were positively correlated with those of WWBS( r values were 0.122-0.396, P<0.05 or 0.01). The total scores and scores of each dimension of CD-RISC were negatively correlated with those of WWBS and WFC( r values were -0.320--0.094, P<0.05 or 0.01). Structural equation modeling analysis showed that work-family conflict indirectly affected work withdrawal behavior through psychological resilience. Conclusions:Cultivating psychological resilience shows a positive effect on easing the work-family conflict and improving work withdrawal behavior for postpartum female nurses with the second-child.