In order to improve the efficiency of protein spots detection, a fast detection method based on CUDA was proposed. Firstly, the parallel algorithms of the three most time-consuming parts in the protein spots detection algorithm: image preprocessing, coarse protein point detection and overlapping point segmentation were studied. Then, according to single instruction multiple threads executive model of CUDA to adopted data space strategy of separating two-dimensional (2D) images into blocks, various optimizing measures such as shared memory and 2D texture memory are adopted in this study. The results show that the operative efficiency of this method is obviously improved compared to CPU calculation. As the image size increased, this method makes more improvement in efficiency, such as for the image with the size of 2,048 x 2,048, the method of CPU needs 52,641 ms, but the GPU needs only 4,384 ms.
Algorithms ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Proteomics ; methods ; Software

There are no intuitive and unified standards for selecting features in existing protein gel image point matching method, for which an analysis method based on similarity map is proposed. Firstly, the definition and generation methods of similarity map were presented. Secondly, trait and merits of features such as coordinate similarity, shape-context similarity and morphology similarity were analyzed using similarity map method. Finally, comprehensive utilization of multi-features named product-method which has a better effect than mean-method was proposed based on the results. Many experiments using different 2-DE gel images were carried out to prove the validity of similarity map and product-method. The results showed that similarity map could be used for intuitional, effective analysis of matching performance and to guide the selection and comprehensive utilization of multi-features.

Objective To evaluate the value of PLT and its parameters combined with AFP, CA199, CA125 and CEA on the preoperative differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Methods We analyzed retrospectively 274 patients with liver cancer who underwent surgery in the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University. They were divided into 229 cases in HCC group and 45 cases in ICC group according to postoperative pathological results. The differences of PLT, its parameters and tumor markers between the two groups were compared. ROC curve was used to evaluate the differential diagnosis effect on HCC and ICC by significantly different indicators in single and combined forms. The best scheme was verified in the patients with determined and undetermined preoperative diagnosis. Results Compared with HCC group, the levels of PLT, PCT, CA199 and CA125 in ICC group were higher (P < 0.05) and the level of AFP was lower (P < 0.05). The diagnostic analysis results of ROC curve showed that in single test, the AUC of AFP for HCC diagnosis was the largest (0.827). The AUC of the combined groups was higher than the single groups of tumor markers; the AUC of the PCT+AFP+CA199+CA125 group was the highest in all combination groups, and AUC was 0.891. The verification of the best combination group showed that the AUC was 0.924 in the preoperative determined diagnosis group and 0.854 in the undetermined diagnosis group. Conclusion Tumor markers in combination with PLT and PCT can increase the preoperative differential diagnosis efficacy of HCC and ICC. The combination of PCT, AFP, CA199 and CA125 before operation is helpful to further determine the diagnosis and plan the operation scheme.

Objective: To investigate the ultrasound-assisted extraction process of Pogostemon cablin. Methods: Taking the extraction time (min), ethanol concentration (％), and liquid-solid ratio (mL · g-1) as influence factors, patchouli alcohol (PA) content as index, single-factor test was applied to the investigation of extraction-process of Pogostemon cablin. By ultrasonic-assisted extraction, the GC-FID was used to determine the PA content in extract. Results: The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: the ultrasonic time was 30 min, the ethanol concentration was 95％, and liquid-solid ratio was 20∶1 mL·g-1. Under this condition, the extraction rate and the content of PA were 32.75％, and0.15％ respectively. Conclusion: This extraction method is simple, but has higher extraction rate. It is suitable for the industrial production.

As a collective noun of incense and medicine, fragrant medicine has long been integrated into Chinese culture. It is not only a symbol of the cultural exchange between China and foreign countries in the middle ancient times, but also plays a very important role in medicine and other fields. Among them, Borneol can not only be used for medicinal purposes, but also for incense and fumigation, as well as food, tea, wine and other applications. This paper intends to sort out the medicinal properties, effects and other applications of Borneol recorded in ancient books of traditional Chinese herbs in the past dynasties, focusing on summarizing its medicinal properties, meridians, effects, compatibility and application characteristics. In addition, modern pharmacological action was included as a supplement, in order to provide reference for the clinical use of Borneol in medicinal aspects.

Objective To report 1 case of iatrogenic botulinum poisoning misdiagnosed as myasthenia gravis,to discuss the clinical manifestation,distinguishing feature and prognosis of iatrogenic botulinum poisoning combined with literature.Methods We briefly introduced one patient with botulinum toxin poisoning misdiagnosed as myasthenia gravis.A 26-year old female was admitted in June 2017 in Gaochun People's Hospital of Nanjing,who received two injections of botulinum toxin 500 U for a short period of time due to cosmetic needs,then she suffered from fatigue,chest distress,eyelid ptosis and other symptoms.The patient was once misdiagnosed as myasthenia gravis,but the results of neostigmine test and repeated nerve stimulation examination were negative.After careful examination of the body (mandibular swelling) and repeated medical history requiring,the final diagnosis was clarified.After the treatment such as fluid infusion for 10 days,her discomforts were relieved.The literature was retrieved from "US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (Pubmed) "," China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI)" and "Wanfang Medicine Data China Information",a total of 17 articles were included in the analysis,including 30 effective cases.We analyzed the general characteristics,clinical manifestations and prognosis of botulinum toxin injection.Results Of the 30 cases,28 cases (96.7％) were female,2 cases (3.0％) were male,aged from 3 to 80 years old.Most of them were botulinum toxin type A,except 2 cases unknown.The clinical onset began from the injection day to 3 weeks after injection.The duration of the disease lasted from 10 days to 6 months.Most of the prognosis was good after treatment.Conclusion Careful attention should be paid to the serious reaction of botulinum toxin to ensure safe medication use.

Objective: To explore the correlation between BMI and gut microbiota of college students in Inner Mongolia,and to provide a reference basis for revealing the relationship between intestinal flora and obesity. Methods: Totally 88 college students from Inner Mongolia Medical University were enrolled, Height and weight were measured,and the feces samples were collected. The bacterial metagenome was extracted from dry feces samples for the concentration detection in per gram of dry feces,expressed as μg/μL. Correlation between BMI and metagenomics concentration of gut microbiota was statistically analyzed. Meanwhile,the metagenomics concentration of gut microbiota in different BMI groups was compared with each other. Results: There was a negative correlation between BMI and the metagenomics concentration of gut microbiota(r=-0.27,P<0.05). Significant difference in the concentration of gut microflora was observed between the normal group and the obesity group,the normal group and the overweight/obesity group(F=3.62,P<0.05). Among the female volunteers,there were significant differences between normal group and overweight group,between normal group and obesity group(F=1.87,P<0.05). No significant differences in metagenomics concentration of gut microbiota were found in different BMI groups(F=0.60, P>0.05). Conclusion There is a correlation between BMI and gut microbiota of college students in Inner Mongolia，the concentration of gut microflora metagenome in overweight and obese people decreased significantly.

Objective To explore the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in the neurons of spinal cord after tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve injuries in rats.Methods A total of 90 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, the group A was as control group, group B as suture of tibial nerve cut group, and group C as suture of the common peroneal nerve cut group.The L4-6 segment spinal cord of the rats were removed for HE staining and immumohistochemical staining on 3, 7, 14, 28 days after the operation.The number of motor neurons in the spinal anterior horn were calculated.The expressions differences of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were detected by immuno-histochemistry, and values of Bcl-2/Bax were calculated.Results The number of motor neurons in the anterior horn of spinal cord in group B were less than that in group C on 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 days after the operation (P< 0.01).The expression of Bcl-2 protein in group B and group C showed an upward and then declining trend.It decreased to the lowest on the postoperative 3 d in group B and 7 d in group C, respectively.The expressions of Bax protein in group B and C showed an upward and then declining trend, and it increased to the highest on the postoperative 3 d in groups B and C.The values of Bcl-2/Bax in groups B and C were showed an decreased and then increased trend and it was lower in group B than group C on the postoperative 3, 7, 14, 28 d(P< 0.01).Conclusion Injuries of tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve of the rats would lead the apoptosis of motor neurons in the spinal cord, but compared with the injury of common peroneal nerve, tibial nerve injury would lead less apoptosis of motor neurons.

In eukaryotes, protein phosphorylation is specifically catalyzed by numerous protein kinases (PKs), faithfully orchestrates various biological processes, and reversibly determines cellular dynamics and plasticity. Here we report an updated algorithm of Group-based Prediction System (GPS) 5.0 to improve the performance for predicting kinase-specific phosphorylation sites (p-sites). Two novel methods, position weight determination (PWD) and scoring matrix optimiza-tion (SMO), were developed. Compared with other existing tools, GPS 5.0 exhibits a highly com-petitive accuracy. Besides serine/threonine or tyrosine kinases, GPS 5.0 also supports the prediction of dual-specificity kinase-specific p-sites. In the classical module of GPS 5.0, 617 individual predic-tors were constructed for predicting p-sites of 479 human PKs. To extend the application of GPS 5.0, a species-specific module was implemented to predict kinase-specific p-sites for 44,795 PKs in 161 eukaryotes. The online service and local packages of GPS 5.0 are freely available for academic research at http://gps.biocuckoo.cn.

Objective To explore the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in the neurons of spinal cord after tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve injuries in rats.Methods A total of 90 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, the group A was as control group, group B as suture of tibial nerve cut group, and group C as suture of the common peroneal nerve cut group.The L4-6 segment spinal cord of the rats were removed for HE staining and immumohistochemical staining on 3, 7, 14, 28 days after the operation.The number of motor neurons in the spinal anterior horn were calculated.The expressions differences of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were detected by immuno-histochemistry, and values of Bcl-2/Bax were calculated.Results The number of motor neurons in the anterior horn of spinal cord in group B were less than that in group C on 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 days after the operation (P< 0.01).The expression of Bcl-2 protein in group B and group C showed an upward and then declining trend.It decreased to the lowest on the postoperative 3 d in group B and 7 d in group C, respectively.The expressions of Bax protein in group B and C showed an upward and then declining trend, and it increased to the highest on the postoperative 3 d in groups B and C.The values of Bcl-2/Bax in groups B and C were showed an decreased and then increased trend and it was lower in group B than group C on the postoperative 3, 7, 14, 28 d(P< 0.01).Conclusion Injuries of tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve of the rats would lead the apoptosis of motor neurons in the spinal cord, but compared with the injury of common peroneal nerve, tibial nerve injury would lead less apoptosis of motor neurons.