Objective To explore the relationship between Bispectral index （BIS） values,Narcotrend index （NTI） values and the predicted effect-site concentration （EC）during target-controlled infusion of propofol. Methods In 30 patients during target-controlled infusion of propofol,the propofol infusion was set at an initial EC of 0.5 mg/L and increased by 0.5 mg/L steps every 5 min until 5 min after the modified observer＇s assessment of alertness/sedation scale（OAA/S） values reached zero. The predicted EC of propofol,the values of NTI,NTS and BIS were recorded,and the sedation level were examined by the modified OAA/S every 20 s. The predicted EC of propofol and the values of BIS and NTI at LVC and LOC in 5%,50% and 95% of patients were calculated. Results There were good linear correlations between BIS,NTI and the predicted EC of propofol （r2=0.787,0.792）.The predicted EC of propofol at LVC in 5%,50% and 95% of patients were 1.2,1.8 and 2.5 mg/L,respectively. The values of BIS and NTI at LVC in 5%,50% and 95% of patients were 78.2,68.2 and 58.2; 73.9,64.9 and 55.8,respectively.The predicted EC of propofol at LOC in 5%,50% and 95% of patients were 1.6,2.6 and 3.5 mg/L,The values of BIS and NTI at LOC in 5%,50% and 95% of patients were 74.6,58.2 and 41.5,66.2,55.8 and 45.3,respectively. Conclusion During target-controlled infusion of propofol,LVC and LOC occurred within a definite range of predicted effect-site concentrations.There were the good linear correlations between BIS,NTI and the predicted EC of propofol.NTI may be more useful than BIS in predicting LVC and LOC because of the smaller range of values for the two clinical end-points.

Objective To observe the effects of polyglucose and sodium chloride injection on treating hypotension of patients in postanesthesia care unit (PACU).Methods Everyone of thirty-two patients with hypotension in PACU received 500ml polyglucose and sodium chloride injection by venous injection at the velocity of 12ml?kg -1 ?h -1 .The mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR) were recorded before administration and 5, 15,30,60 min after administration, the urine volume was measured at 1 hour after administration ,and the blood gas analysis were measured before injection and an hour after injection.Results The MAP increased significantly at 5min after administration,and the effects could last 60 minutes, the urine volume increased and the Hb and K + reduced remarkable after injection.Conclusions The administration of polyglucose and sodium chloride injection can effectively increase blood volume and blood pressure,and reduce blood transfusion,so might reduce complications of blood transfusion. [

ObjectiveTo observe the healing effect of deep partial thickness burns by the injecting of breviscapine and discuss the possible mechanisms. Methods A rat model of deep partial thickness burns was designed,and was injected with breviscapine.The control group was injected with normal saline.The healing time of burn wound of the two groups was recorded,respectively.Seven days later,the tissues of bum wound of each group were extracted and the contents of hydroxyproline,collagenase-1,nitrogen monoxidum,erythrocuprein,and malonaldehyde that were contained in each extracts were measured.The results of each group were statistically analyzed.ResultsThe healing time of burn wound of the experimental group was [ ( 12 ± 1.428 ) days ],which was significantly shorter than the control group [ ( 14.75 ±1.291 )days] ( P ＜0.05).The contents of hydroxyproline[ (3.17 ± 1.136) mg/g],collagenase-1 [ ( 1.28± 0.651 ) mg/g ],nitrogen monoxidum [ ( 2.62 ± 0.30 ) μmol/gprot ],and erythrocuprein [ ( 221.25 ±25.94) U/mgprot ] in the experimental group were all higher than the control group [ (7.32 ± 2.173 )mg/g,(5.38 ±0.363) mg/g,(7.28 ± 0.40) μmol/gprot,(296.36 ± 29.29) U/mgprot ] ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜0.01 ).However,the content of malonaldehyde [ (6.36 ± 0.93 ) nmol/mgprot ] was lower than the control group [ ( 1.25 ± 0.59) nmoL/mgprot ] ( P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsThe breviscapine injection can decurtate the healing time of deep partial thickness bums and it may be related to the extension of blood vessel,improvement of microcirculation,elimination of oxygen free radical,and degradation of lipid peroxidation.

Objective: To study the association of dopamine ?-hydroxylase gene 5′ flanking region polymorphism -1021 C→T with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Han children. Methods: ADHD was diagnosed according to the DSM-Ⅳ criteria . DNA was extracted and PCR was performed to examine the DBH-1021C→T polymorphism. HHRR was used to test the association of dopamine ?-hydroxylase gene with different subtypes of ADHD. Results: HHRR results showed this polymorphism had a tendency to be associated with the inattention subtype (P=0.067) and the combined subtype (P=0.076). The T allele was the protective factor of the inattentive subtype (P= 0.07), and the risk factor of the combined subtype (P=0.08). After dividing the 292 nuclear families according to sex, DBH-1021C→T polymorphism was found to be associated with the combined subtype (P=0.04) with the T allele as the risk factor (P=0.02). There were no positive findings among the girl nuclear families of ADHD. Conclusion: DBH gene is related to ADHD combined subtype and inattention subtype. The genetic basis of ADHD combined subtype and is inattention is different, and is influenced by sex factor.

Objective To investigate the changes in plasma very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs),and to explore its relationship with obesity-related index in obese children.Methods One hundred and sixty-six obese children aged 7 to 12 years old were investigated and 148 health children matched with age and sex were selected as control group.Their height,weight,and waist circumference (WC) were measured.The percentage of body fat (PBF) was tested by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.Fasting blood triglycerides (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels,fasting plasma glucose,and fasting insulin (FINS) were determined.The body mass index (BMI),BMI-Z score,waist to height ratio (WHtR),and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated.The plasma VLCFAs were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results (1) Compared with normal control children,body weight,BMI,BMI-Z score,WC,WHtR,PBF,TG,TC,LDL-C,FINS,and HOMA-IR in obese children were increased (all P ＜ 0.05),and the level of HDL-C was decreased (P ＜ 0.05).(2) The plasma levels of docosamonoenoic acid (C22 ∶ 1 n-9) and arachidonic acid (C20 ∶ 4n-6) were decreased while the levels of arachicacid (C20 ∶ 0) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20 ∶ 5n-3) increased in obese children compared to non-obese children.(3) The linear correlation analysis showed that PBF was positively correlated with C20 ∶ 0 and C20 ∶ 5n-3,and negatively correlated with C20 ∶ 4n-6.WHtR was negatively correlated with C22 ∶ 1 n-9 and positively correlated with C20 ∶ 0 (4) The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that C20 ∶ 0 was the main factor for PBF,and C22 ∶ 1 n-9 and C20 ∶ 0 were the main factors for WHtR.Conclusion The metabolic abnormality of plasma very long chain fatty acids exists in obese children.The changes in C20 ∶ 0,C22 ∶ 1 n-9,and C20 ∶ 5n-3 may be associated with obesity in children.

G. The current results indicate that ADHD with DBD has more heritable backgrounds when compared with ADHD without DBD.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between two HTR2C gene polymorphisms, that is C 759T and G 697C polymorphisms, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comorbid or not comorbid learning disorder (LD). Methods: Blood samples were taken from 189 trios with probands of ADHD comrbid LD (ADHD+LD) and 299 trios with probands of ADHD not comorbid LD (ADHD-LD). DNA was extracted and PCR was performed to amplify the fragments containing both C 759T and G 697C polymorphisms. Aci Ⅰ was used to detect different alleles of the two polymorphisms. Allele based and haplotype based TDT analysis were used to test the association of the two polymorphisms of HTR2C gene and ADHD-LD and ADHD+LD. Results: 759C(? 2= 6.961 , P =0.008), 697G(? 2=8.346, P =0.004), as well as 759C/ 697G haplotype were over transmitted(? 2=9.000, P = 0.002 7), while haplotype 759T/ 697C was under transmitted(? 2= 7.784 , P =0.005 3) to probands with ADHD-LD. No biased transmission of any allele and haplotype were found in families with probands of ADHD+LD. Conclusion: ADHD-LD and ADHD+LD are different at the level of HTR2C gene polymrohisms of C 759T and G 697C. HTR2C is related to ADHD-LD, while not related to ADHD+LD.

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) gene IVS6+G82A and Pro303Pro polymorphisms in Chinese children and determine the effect of PTP1B gene IVS6+G82A and Pro303Pro polymorphisms on the pathogenesis of childhood obesity. Methods A total of 147 Chinese obese and 118 healthy children were randomly selected and enrolled to identify IVS6+G82A and Pro303Pro genotypes by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. Waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), percentage of body fat (%BF),systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), plasma fasting insulin (FINS), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and plasma leptin were examined. Results The allele frequencies of IVS6+G82A and Pro303Pro were 59.5% and 19.4% in obese children, and 53.4% and 11.0% in healthy children, respectively. There were significant differences in allele frequencies of Pro303Pro polymorphism between the obese and the control group. Pro303Pro polymorphism was associated with body mass index, WC, TG, and LDL C in the obese subjects. There was not di fference in the genotype distributions or allele frequencies of IVS6+G82A polymorphism between the obese and the control group. Further analysis showed no association between the genotypes of IVS6+G82A and clinical characteristics in the obese subjects. The linkage disequilibrium analysis for IVS6+G82A and Pro303Pro (D′: 0.441, r2: 0.027) was weak.Conclusion PTP1B gene Pro303Pro polymorphism might be associated with the pathogenesis of obesity in children and could affect the lipid metabolism in Chinese obese children.

Objective To investigate the incidence and the related factors of the depression in Parkinson's disease. Methods 52 cases with idiopathic Parkinson's disease were included in this study. Such scales as Hamilton depression scale-24 item (HAMD-24), Non Motor Symptoms Scale for Parkinson's disease (NMSS), 39-item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS), revised Hoehn-Yahr rating scale (H-Y), revised Schwab and English daily life event scale (S-E), Minimum Mental State Examination (MMSE), etc. were applied and underwent Spearman correlation analysis. Results Thirty-six patients with Parkinson's disease (69.23%) met the criteria for depression. The spearman rank correlation analysis showed that MMSE (r=-0.294, P=0.036) and S-E (r=-0.506, P<0.001) had negative correlation with depression in Parkinson's disease, and the course of the disease (r=0.274, P=0.049), UPDRS (r=0.485, P<0.001), H-Y (r = 0.459, P = 0.001), NMSE (r = 0.729, P < 0.001) and PDQ-39 (r = 0.619, P < 0.001) had positive correlation with depression in Parkinson's disease. Conclusions The patients with Parkinson's disease had high incidence of depression. The depression in Parkinson's disease is associated with many factors and affected the quality of life of the patients.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolysis on cardiogenic cerebral infarction and noncardiac infarction by recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA). Methods Comparations of NIHSS, mRS and adverse events before and after treatment were made between the cardiogenic group and the noncardiac group. Results No significant differences in the NIHSS and mRS were found between the two groups. The incidence of brain hernia and dermatorrhagia in the cardiogenic group was higher than that in the noncardiac group. Conclusion Rt-PA therapy in cardiogenic cerebral infarction was effective and safe in spite of higher incidence of hemorrhage and brain hernia.