BACKGROUND:Staphylococcal infections and its biofilm formation can occur when orthopedic implants or wound is healing, and are regulated by bacterial population sensing mechanism. RNAIII inhibiting peptide intervenes the quorum-sensing system of staphylococcal and blocks the signal transduction among staphylococcal cells, and inhibits staphylococcal biofilm formation, and then prevents staphylococcal infections.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of RNAIII inhibiting peptide on the adhesion of staphylococcus epidermis to the Hela cells.
METHODS:The Hela cells were cultured in vitro. There were four groups in this study. In the blank group, saline with dimethyl sulfoxide was added in each wel . In the RNAIII inhibiting peptide group, dimethyl sulfoxide solution containing RNAIII inhibiting peptide was added. In the levofloxacin group, levofloxacin was added. In the combination group, the dose was in accordance with above methods. Using intergroup control method, the adhesion of staphylococcus epidermis to the Hela cells was compared under the effects of saline, RNAIII inhibiting peptide and levofloxacin and their combination.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the blank group, abundant bacterial adhered to Hela cells. The number of adhered bacteria was significantly lower in each medicine group than in the blank group (P<0.001). The spot count was significantly lower in the levofloxacin group than in the RNAIII inhibiting peptide group (P<0.05). In the combination group, the number of bacteria adhered to Hela cells was decreased (P<0.01). Results verified that RNAIII inhibiting peptide effectively suppressed the adhesion of staphylococcus epidermis to the host cells, and showed synergistic effects on antibiotics.

Chinese materia medica (CMM) has double complexity in bioactive ingredient and its mechanism. It is difficult to explain by the modern biomedicine theory So it seriously restricts the modernization of CMM The modern CMM should have the high quality standard to meet the needs of international standard It can be guaranteed by spreading the GAP for Chinese medicinal materials and GMP for standard production The mechanism depends on using the DNA microarray to set up “the gene expression difference chart”, to study on the combination of CMM and gene expression difference chart Meanwhile, we can establish a totally new method of screening modern CMM based on the gene expression difference chart, it can really make the modernization and internationalization of CMM

Objective To prepare the quantum dots(QDs) (CdTe-MPA)-loaded polymer(lactic-coglycolic acid,PLGA) microbubbles(MBQDs@PLGA) as dual-modality imaging agent for both fluorescent and ultrasonic imaging ability.Methods The MBQDs@PLGA were generated by the double emulsion technique,then filling in C3F8 after freeze-drying.Confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM) were used to confirm the load of quantum dots in the MBs.Fluorospectro photometer spectra of the MBQDs@PLGA were analyzed to demonstrate the fluorescent imaging ability and determine the encapsulation efficiency by using the regression equation.Imaging experiments was applied to validate the fluorescent and ultrasonic imaging ability of the MBQDs@PLGA both by imaging of the model in vitro and by imaging of ovarian tumor blood vessels of tumor-bearing nude mouse in vivo.Results At excitation 272 nm the MBQDs@PLGA peak of the emission spectrum was 549 nm,and the encapsulation efficiency was 54％.The average diameter of MBQDs@PLGA was (1.7 ±0.2)μm,CLSM and TEM results confirmed the QDs-loaded in MBQDs-PLGA.The imaging results of MBQDs@PLGA showed a dual-modality imaging ability both fluorescent and ultrasonic imaging.Conclusions MBQDs@PLGA present fluorescence-ultrasound dual mode imaging performance by the QDs embedding in polymer microbubbles,and explore a new development train of thought of multi-mode imaging agent.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Shenluo'an Decoction(SD) for the treatment of obese patients with early diabetic nephropathy and to explore the possible mechanism.Methods A total of 68 obese patients with early diabetic nephropathy were randomly assigned into control group and treatment group,34 cases in each group.Both groups were given conventional western medicine treatment including lifestyle regulation,dietary control,and medicine for lowering blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipids.Additionally,the control group was given oral use of Irbesartan,and the treatment group was given oral use of SD combined with Irbesartan.Before and after treatment,we observed the traditional Chinese medical syndrome scores,body mass index(BMI),blood levels of cystatin C (Cys C),β2-microglobumin(β2-MG),homocysteine (Hcy) and fasting blood glucose (FBG),and urine parameters of urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 / urinary creatinine (UMCP-1/UCR),urinary factor of regulated on activation in normal T cell expressed and secreted / urinary creatinine (URANTES/UCR),urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and urinary albumin excretion ratio (UAER) before treatment and after treatment for 16 weeks.After treatment,the clinical efficacy and safety were also evaluated.Results (1) During the treatment,5 cases were dropped out,and a total of 63 cases (32 from the treatment group and 31 from the control group) completed the experiment.(2) The total effective rate of the treatment group(90.6％) was significantly higher than that of the control group(67.7％),the difference being significant(P ＜ 0.05).(3)BMI of the two groups after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment (P ＜ 0.05).(4) After treatment,the traditional Chinese medical syndrome scores,blood parameters (Cys C,β2-MG,Hcy,FBG) and urine parameters (UMCP-1/UCR,URANTES/UCR,UACR,UAER) in the treatment group were decreased as compared with those before treatment and those in the control group after treatment(P ＜0.05).(5) A positive correlation was present among the parameters of UMCP-1/UCR,URANTES/UCR,UACR and UAER.(6) No abnormal changes took place in the blood and stool routine examination,hepatic function,or electrocardiography of the 63 cases.Conclusion SD combined with western medicine exerts certain therapeutic effect for obese patients with early diabetic nephropathy,and is effective on relieving clinical symptoms anddecreasing BMI,Cys C,β2-MG,UACR,UAER,UMCP-1 and URANTES.Its mechanism is probably related with the inhibition of chronic renal inflammation.

AIM:To investigate the effects of aminophylline used early in resuscitation on achievement ratio of resuscitation,the concentrations of plasma norepinephrine(NE),adenosine and nitric oxide(NO),and the levels of cardiac tissue endothelin-1(ET-1)and adenosine in rats with sudden cardiac arrest.METHODS:Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:operated control(group A),epinephrine treatment(group B),and epinephrine plus aminophylline treatment(group C).Each group had 20 rats.The concentrations of plasma NE,adenosine and NO,and the levels of cardiac tissue ET-1 and adenosine were examined in group A and 30 min after survived in group B and group C.RESULTS:The duration of circulation recovered in group C was less than that in group B,significantly(P0.05).The concentrations of plasma adenosine and NE,and the levels of cardiac tissue ET-1 and adenosine in group B and group C were higher than those in group A significantly(P

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the histocompatibility of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/RNA Ⅲ inhibiting peptide(PLGA/RIP)sustained release microspheres.METHODS:The crude peptide comprising N to C-terminals was synthesized using Fmoc method.The crude synthetic RNAIII peptide was purified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography,followed by component harvesting according to ultraviolet absorption peak,and freeze-drying.PLGA/RIP sustained release microspheres with a diameter of 50-70?m were prepared using liquid-phase multiple emulsion method.The histocompatibility of PLGA/RIP sustained release microscopes were preliminarily evaluated through the use of acute general toxicity test,MTT cytotoxicity test,intramuscular implantation test,sensitivity test,and pyrogen test.RESULTS:Acute general toxicity test results showed that all included animals survived and presented with no toxicosis reaction and obviously changed body mass.MTT cytotoxicity test results revealed that the average relative growth rate of cells from two eluents was over 85%,with cytotoxicity grade 1,which indicates no cytotoxicity.Intramuscular implantation tests showed that at 4 weeks after implantation of RIP powder or PLGA/RIP microscopes,no obviously congested,degenerated,or necrotic tissue was observed.All RIP powder and a part PLGA/RIP microscopes were degraded.Fibroblasts accounted for a large proportion in all cells.No inflammatory cell infiltration,involving neutrophils and multinucleated giant cells,was observed.Sensitivity test results displayed that the average primary irritation index was 0.38,0.33,and 0.31 in the eluent stock solution,2% dinitoflruorobenzene,and physiological saline-administerd groups,respectively.Pyrogen test results showed that fervescence of each rabbit in the experiment was under 0.5℃ and the sum of fervescence was under 1.3℃.This is in coincidence with evaluation criteria of pyrogen test.CONCLUSION:PLGA/RIP sustained release microspheres exhibit good histocompatibility.

Objective To analyse effect of berberine combined with levofloxacin on myocardial enzymes, isozymes and serum inflammatory factors in children with diarrhea.Methods 58 patients who were diagnosed with pediatric infectious diarrhea in our hospital were collected.All patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 29 cases in each group.two groups of patients were given routine treatment, including infusion, maintaining water and electrolyte balance, supplemental calories etc.On the basis of routine treatment, control group was intravenous dripped with levofloxacin injection 200mL,one times per day,and experimental group was treated with berberine hydrochloride tables 0.2 g orally on the basis of control group.The treatment period was one week of two group.After one week of treatment, the serum levels of myocardial enzymes, isozymes, inflammatory factors and clinical curative effect were detected in all patients.Results Compared with control group post-treatment,the serum AST,ALT and LDH levels were lower than that of experimental group(P<0.05);the serum CK and CK-MB levels were lower than that of experimental group(P<0.05);the serum TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 levels were lower than that of experimental group(P<0.05);the total effective rate was higher in experimental group(P<0.05).Conclusion The berberine combined with levofloxacin can significantly reduce the serum myocardial enzymes, isozymes and serum inflammatory factors in children with diarrhea, improve clinical curative effect.

Objective To investigate the effect of fascia iliaca compartment nerve block ( FICB) to early analgesia and emergence agitation for children after the operation of femur fractures, and compare with fentanyl.Methods Totally 36 cases of children, which scheduled for the one-sided femur fractures surgery were selected after the approval from the Institutional Review Board of the hospital.They were randomly di-vided into two groups:FI group ( FICB group) and FE group ( Intravenous fentanyl group) .Patients in both groups were received ultrasound guided FICB immediately after the induction of general anesthesia, 1 ml/kg ropivacaine ( Naropin) was given in the FI group and 1 ml/kg saline in the FE group, sevoflurane was used for the anesthesia maintenance and 1 μg/kg intravenous fentanyl in FE group, instead of the same volume saline in FI group at 10 min before the surgery finished, and patients were sent to postanesthesia care unit ( PACU) after extubation.Keep a record of the duration of the operation and extubation, the pain scores and the Pediatric Agitation and Emergence Delirium ( PAED) scores were recorded at just arrived at PACU ( T0 ) , 10 min ( T1 ) , and 20 min ( T3 ) after PACU, also included the duration in PACU and the postopera-tively side effects.Results At the time of T0 and T1 , the pain scores in FI group was significantly lower than the FE( P <0.05), there was no difference between two groups from the age of 3 to 8 at T2 ( P >0.05), but it was still lower in FI group from the age of 8 to 14( P <0.05);The PAED scores at the three time points were always lower in FI group when it was compared with FE group;the same trend occurred for the duration of extubation and PACU( P <0.05).Conclusions FICB can effectively reduce emergence agitation and the pain scores for the children undergoing the surgery of femur fractures during the early time after the operation, which is better than the intravenous fentanyl.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the histocompatibility of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)/RNA Ⅲ inhibiting peptide (PLGNRIP) sustained release microspheres.METHODS: The crude peptide comprising N to C-terminals was synthesized using Fmoc method. The crude synthetic RNAⅢ peptide was purified by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, followed by component harvesting according to ultraviolet absorption peak, and freeze-drying. PLGNRIP sustained release microspheres with a diameter of 50-70 pm were prepared using liquid-phase multiple emulsion method. The histocompatibility of PLGNRIP sustained release microscopes were preliminarily evaluated through the use of acute general toxicity test, MTT cytotoxicity test, intramuscular implantation test, sensitivity test, and pyrogen test.RESULTS: Acute general toxicity test results showed that all included animals survived and presented with no toxicosis reaction and obviously changed body mass. MTT cytotoxicity test results revealed that the average relative growth rate of cells from two eluents was over 85%, with cytotoxicity grade 1, which indicated no cytotoxicity. Intramuscular implantation tests showed that at 4 weeks after implantation of RiP powder or PLGNRIP microscopes, no obviously congested, degenerated, or necrotic tissue was observed. All RIP powder and a part PLGNRIP microscopes were degraded. Fibroblasts accounted for a large proportion in all cells. NO inflammatory cell infiltration, involving neutrophits and multinucleated giant celts, was observed. Sensitivity test rasults displayed that the average primary irritation index was 0.38, 0.33, arid 0.31 in the eluent stock solution, 2% dinitoflruorobenzene, and physiological saline-administerd groups, respectively. Pyrogen test results showed that fervescence of each rabbit in the experiment was under 0.5 ℃ and the sum of fervescence was under 1.3 ℃ .This is in coincidence with evaluation criteria of pyrogen test.CONCLUSION: PLGNRIP sustained release microspheras exhibit good histocompatibility.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate blood compatibility of polyaiticglycolic acid/RNA Ⅲ inhibiting peptide (PLGA/RIP) delayed release microspheres.METHODS: ① Preparation of PLGA/RIP microspheres: The solid-phase synthesis (Fmoc) method was used to synthesize RIP crude sample from C end to N end; the synthesized crude peptide was purified by the reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. According to UV absorption peak, the components were collected and freeze-dried, to obtain RIP purifications. Then liquid-phase multiple emulsion method was used to prepare PLGA/RIP microspheres at the diameter of 50-70 μm. ② Preparation of eluent: The PLGA/RIP microsphere powders were eluted with sterile physiological saline at 37 ℃, to prepare 1 g/L eluent; then 0.5 g/L eluent was obtained adding equal volume of sterile physiological saline. The hemolysis test, blood clotting test, and platelet aggregation test were conducted to measure prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, to observe the influence on rabbit leucocytes, erythrocytes and thrombocytes, and to preliminarily evaluate the blood compatibility of PLGA/RIP microspheres. RESULTS: ①The haemolysis rates of eluent stock solution and 0.5 g/L eluents were 3.24% and 2.67% respectively, which were in coincidence with the criteria of medical biomaterials, less than 5%. ② The eluent stock solution and 0.5 g/L eluents of PLGA/RIP microspheres had no significant effect on rabbit clotting time, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, the number of rabbit leucocytes, erythrocytes and thrombocytes, as well as platelet aggregation.CONCLUSION: PLGA/RIP delayed release microspheres have a good blood compatibility.