Objective To confirm the vancomycin loaded gelatin/β-TCP composite porous scaffolds could be used as sustained-release system,and investigate its efficiency of eliminating infections and repairing bone defects for the treatment of infected bone defects in rabbit.Methods The biodegradable gelatin sponge containing different contents (0,10％,30％,50％) of β-tricalcium phosphate ceramic (β-TCP) was prepared for the controlled-release of vancomycin and labeled with G-0 TCP,G-10 TCP,G-30 TCP and G-50 TCP respectively.Examinations of scanning electron microscopy,porosity analyses and mechanical test were performed.The K-B method was used to investigate the controlled release of vancomycin.Chronic Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis models of rabbit were established.After thorough debridement,the infected bone defects were treated in four different groups:blank control group,G-0 TCP group,G-10 TCP group,and G-30 TCP group.At 4 and 8 weeks after implantation,X-ray and histological examinations were carried out to investigate the efficiency of eliminating infections and repairing bone defects.Results The prepared gelatin/β-TCP scaffold exhibited a homogeneously interconnected-3-D porous structure.And the β-TCP granules were localized evenly on the walls of the composite scaffold.There were no significant differences in the pore size of different scaffolds.However,the β-TCP granules can improve the interconnection.The porosity exhibited an obvious increase in G-10 TCP and G-30 TCP composite scaffolds compared with G-0 TCP scaffold.In contrast,too high content of β-TCP granules decreased the porosity.And the porosity exhibited an obvious reduction in the G-50 TCP composite scaffold.The compressive modulus of the vancomycin loaded scaffolds increased with the increase of the β-TCP amount.The scaffold G-0 TCP exhibited the longest duration of vancomycin release and the duration reached 8 weeks.With the increased content of β-TCP granules,the release duration shortened obviously.Compared with the G-50 TCP composite scaffold,the G-10 TCP and G-30 TCP composite scaffolds revealed a better controlled release of the drugs,and the total amount of the drugs was released within 7 weeks.However,the total amount of vancomycin released from the G-50 TCP composite scaffold lasted for 3 weeks.In the treatment of chronic MRSA osteomyelitis of rabbits,the G-30 TCP composite scaffold showed a better performance in the eliminating infections and bone defects repair.At 8 weeks after implantation,signs of osteomyelitis,including osteolysis,development of periosteal reactions,and sequestral bone formation were observed in the animals of blank control group.Signs of infection were absent in other treatment group.In the group treated with G-30 TCP composite scaffold,the bonedefects were repaired completely at 8 weeks after implantation.However,in the groups treated with G-0 TCP and G-10 TCP composite scaffold,the bone defects were not repaired.Conclusion The composite scaffolds could achieve local therapeutic drug levels over an extended duration.And the gelatin with 30％ β-TCP granules composite scaffold had optimal porosity,interconnection,mechanical properties and controlled release performances.It exhibited good performances in infection control and bone defect repair in the chronic MRSA osteomyelitis model.

ObjectiveTo study the protection of Chinese herbs on the ischemic brain of rats. Methods 75 Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, Group 1 for false operation. For the other four groups, the common carotid artery was exposed then was ligatured and cut off, Group 2 for model. From the 20th hour after operation on,Group 3, 4, 5 were fed with complex prescription of Chinese medicine named Prescription 1, 2 and 3 once a day respectively. 3 hours after taking medicine, Groups 2-5 were put in the hypoxia environment for 1 hours, then taking the medicine for 7 days. On the 7th day after operation,the blood was taken from R. atria then the rats were killed and the whole right brains were cut off. Malonaldehyde (MDA), notric oxide synthetase (NOS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the brain tissue and serum, and calcium in the brain were measured respectively. ResultsThe three prescriptions can decrease the quantity of MDA both in brain tissue and serum and the calcium in brain tissue(P<0.05-0.001).Prescription 1 can enhance the activity of SOD in brain tissue while the others can decrease the activity of NOS. The hippocampus cells show tidy, and the number of the necrotic cells decrease greatly among them, Groups 4 and 5 are better than Group 3.Conclusions Prescriptions 1-3 can protect the brain tissue of the rat form ischemic brain injury.

Objective To explore the short-term and long-term efficacy of laparoscopic versus open liver resection(LLR)in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Methods The perioperative and follow-up data ofLLR(n = 43)and OLR(n = 73)for the treatment of HCC at the same period were analyzed respectively. Results There were no significant differences in the age,gender,Child-Pugh classification,liver cirrhosis, AFP,and hepatic virus affection between the 2 groups. 1 case in the LLR group was converted for the open surgery and another one case in the OLR group died in the perioperative time. However ,compared with OLR group ,the intraoperative blood loss of LLR group(P < 0.05)was larger and the mean operative time(P < 0.05)was longer. The liver function indicators of the regular hepatectomy subgroup were recovered more quickly(P<0.05),but the indicators of remaining subgroups were not significantly different. The postoperative ambulation time (P < 0.05), the postoperative eating time(P < 0.05),the postoperative hospital stay(P < 0.05)were all shorter. The VAS score was lower(P<0.05). There was no difference in the incidence and distribution of complications and the inci-dence of severe complications between the two groups(all P>0.05). The first and third year disease-free survival rates were 82.2%,53.8%for LLR and 91.5%,75.9%for OLR,respectively(χ2=0.55,P=0.46). The first and third 5 year overall survival rates were 94.2%,79.3%for LLR and 94.9%,47.3%for OLR,respectively(χ2=1.06, P=0.30). Conclusion LLR for HCC treatment is a safe and effective way with the advantages of minimal opera-tive trauma,quick recovery and significant short-term efficacy.

Objective To investigate the possibility that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) differentiated into neuron-like cells induced by ganglioside in vitro.Methods BMSCs were separated, cultured and differentiate into neuron-like cells induced by ganglioside. Neuro-specific enolase (NSE) and neurofilament (NF) on the surface of differentiated and induced BMSCs were detected by immunocytochemistry.Results BMSCs were induced to differentiate into the cells with a typical neuronal morphology. The induced neuron-like cells expressed NSE and NF.Conclusion BMSCs can be differentiated into neuron-like cells by induction of ganglioside in vitro.

Objective Overexpressions of epidermal growth factor(EGF)and EGF receptor have been associ- ated with progression and invasive phenotype of pancreatic cancer.However,the underlying molecular mechanism by which EGF worked in pancreatic cancer cells has not been completely understood.In this study,effect of EGF on the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells and its regulatory mechanism were investigated.Methods The effects of EGF on the proliferation,adhesion and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells were detected by WST-1 prolif- eration assay,adhesion assay and invasive assay,respectively.The activity and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were examined by zymography,Western blot and RT-PCR,respectively.The activity of NF-?B was examined by EMSA.Results EGF could significantly promote the invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells but did not affect cell proliferation or adhesion.The expressions of NF-?B and MMP-9 were significantly increased by EGF,but EGF did not affect the activity and expression of MMP-2.Furthermore,EGF stimulated the NF-?B binding activity.Pre- treatment with NF-?B inhibitors,pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC),could significantly inhibit the activity of NF-?B induced by EGF.Meanwhile,the EGF-induced expression and activity of MMP-9,as well as cell invasiveness were also inhibited by NF-?B inhibitor.Conclusion EGF could increase the expression and promote the invasiveness of MMP-9 via the activation of NF-?B in pancreatic cancer cells,which implies that NF-?B inhibitant,such as PDTC,may diminish the invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells.

ObjectiveTo study the protective effect of Chinese Medical Formula Decoction on anoxic damage in cultured hippocampal neuronal cells from newborn rats. MethodsThe sera with Chinese Medicine (SCM-1,2,3) were collected from rats fed on Chinese Medical Formula Decoction Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ(CMFD-Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ) for 3 days,while the sera of rats which were fed with normal saline was collected as control. Hippocampal neuronal cells were obtained from dissociated cerebrella of 2 day old Wister rats. The cells were maintained in 5% CO2 humidified atmosphere at 37℃. After 7 days, the cells were grown in culture media containing SCM-1,2,3 and normal saline for 24 hours and in anoxic atmosphere for 1 hour. After anoxia, the cells were cultured for 24 hours. Culture media were collected and Malonaldehyde (MDA) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) in culture media were detected. ResultsThe survival neuronal cell rate in SCM-1 and 2 groups were significantly higher than control group. LDH and MDA in culture media of SCM-1 and 2 groups were lowed than control group. Conclusions There is a protective effect of CMFD-1 and 2 on anoxic damage in cultured hippocampal neuronal cells from newborn rats.

Objective To evaluate the structure and stiffness of the common carotid artery (CCA) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) by RFQIMT and RFQAS technology and analyze the relationships between the parameters of CCA and cardiovascular risk factors.Methods 113 participants with habitual snoring suspected OSAS were divided into control group,mild,moderate and severe OSAS groups according to apnea hypopnea index(AHI)＜5,5-20,20-40,＞40 event/hour respectively.Carotid parameters included intima-media thickness (IMT),diameter (D),distension (Dis),distensibility coefficient (DC),compliance coefficient (CC),pulse wave velocity (PWV),stiffness index α and β were collected by RFQIMT and RFQAS.Multivariate linear regression analysis was applied to analyze the relationships between CCA parameters and cardiovascular risk factors.Results ①The clinical characteristics:blood pressure had significant difference among the four groups (P ＜0.05).SO2,SO2 min decreased and T90,ODI increased significantly in mild,moderate and severe group (P ＜0.05).②The structure parameters of CCA:IMT,D and plaques had no significant difference among the four groups (P ＞0.05).③The elasticity parameters of CCA:Compared with control group,Dis increased significantly in mild group (P ＜0.05).PWV,α,β increased significantly in moderate group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with mild group,PWV,α,β increased significantly in moderate group (P ＜0.05).Compared with moderate group,α,β increased significantly in severe group (P ＜0.05).④By multivariate linear regression analysis,age was an independent predictor of IMT,Dis,D,CC,PWV,α,β(P ＜0.05).A blunted nocturnal fall was an independent predictor of D,DC,CC,PWV (P ＜0.05),SBP,DBP and PP of daytime had an important effect on D (P ＜0.05).SO2 was independently correlated with PWV (P ＜0.05).PP was an independent predictor of PWV,α,β (P ＜0.05).Smoking was an independent predictor of plaque (P ＜0.05).Conclusions ①Stiffness is damaged earlier than morphology of CCA in patient with OSAS.②PP,a blunted nocturnal fall and SO2 are correlated with stiffness of CCA significantly.It indicates that abnormal circadian blood pressure rhythm and hypoxia are associated significantly with stiffness of CCA in patient with OSAS.

Objective To establish a method of automatic analysis of iodide in drinking water.Methods In accordance with the principles of the National Standard Methods Standard Testing Methods for Dringking Water (GB 5750-2006),the reagent concentration and the ratio of dosage were optimized; the national standard artificial colorimetric detection of iodide in drinking water was substituted by automatic biochemical analyzer colorimetric analysis procedure; the accuracy and the precision of the new method were observed and compared with the National Standard Methods.Results In determination of iodide in drinking water by using automatic biochemical analyzer,the best linear ranges of the standard curve:low concentrations 0-＜ 50 μg/L with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 1,and the detection limit was 0.4 μg/L; at high concentrations of 50-500 μg/L the correlation coefficient was 0.999 3,and the detection limit was 4.0 μg/L.The coefficient of variation was 2.2％-4.2％ and the recovery was between 98.6％-1035％.Compared with the National Standard Methods,the difference was not statistically significant (t =0.97-1.70,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The method of determination of iodide in drinking water by using automatic biochemical analyzer is successfully established.The accuracy and the precision of the method can meet the quality requirements of water quality analysis.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effects of needle-pricking therapy, a newly medical and minimally invasive technique, for functional retrograde ejaculation and to explore its mechanism. Methods Thirty-six patients with functional retrograde ejaculation were randomly divided into an observation group(19 cases) and a control group(17 cases) In the observation group,needle-pricking therapy was used at Guanyuan(CV 4) and bilateral sacral plexus nerve,lumbar 1 nerve and greater occipital nerve stimulating points,once a week. In the control group, midodrine tablets were prescribed orally,three times a day. All the treatment was given for 9 weeks. The clinical effects of the two groups were observed, and the levels of luteinizing hormone(LH), testosterone(Tes) and estra4 diol(E2) were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe total effective rate of the observation group was, 89. 47%(17/19), which was better than 47.06% (8/17) of the control group(P<0. 05). The LH and Tes were obviously increased and E2 was decreased compared with those before treatment in the observation group(all P< 0. 01). Tes was raised(P<0. 05) and E2 was apparently declined in the control group(P<0. 01). After treatment, the differences of serum LH and Tes were statistically significant between the two groups(both P<0. 01).

CONCLUSIONNeedle-pricking therapy has advantages for functional retrograde ejaculation probably in that stimulating lumbosacral nerves can strengthen the function of pelvic floor muscles and urethral expansion muscle and regulate sexual gland axis.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Ejaculation ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Needles ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the clinical results of posteromedial supine approach plus anterolateral approach for treatment of posteromedial condylar tibial plateau split fracture combined with lateral compartment depression.Methods A retrospective analysis was done on 48 cases of posteromedial condylar tibial plateau split fracture with lateral compartment depression operated through posteromedial supine plus anterolateral approaches from February 2011 through March 2013.There were 37 men and 11 women,aged 15-67 years (mean,42.5 years).Fracture occurred at the left side in 31 cases and at the right side in 17 cases.Interval between injury and operation ranged from 5 to 16 days (mean,8.7 days).Reconstructive or T-shaped plates were used for posteromedial condylar split tibial plateau fracture.Anatomical or locking compression plates were used for lateral compartment depression,but autogenous ilium bone grafting was performed laterally when bone defect was obvious.Results Average operation time was 2.8 hours (range,2-3.5 hours) and average length of stay was 21 days (range,12-45 days).All cases were followed up for mean 12.8 months (range,5-25 months).All fracture healed from 4 to 8 months (mean,6.7 months).Mean Rasmussen score for radiological results was 16.9 points (range,16-18 points) immediately after operation.Hospital for special surgery (HSS) knee score averaged 86.4 points (range,76-95 points) 8 months after bone healed,indicating the excellent results in 27 cases,good in 16 cases,fair in 4 cases and poor in 1 case with a good to excellent rate of 90％.At the last follow-up,postoperative knee range of motion averaged-5°-135°.All incisions healed primarily without vascular nerve injury and implant loosing or breakage.There was an extension lag in 1 case with knee range of motion of 20°-130° and osteoarthritis in 1 case,but both were improved with non-operation therapy.Conclusion Posteromedia] supine plus anterolateral approaches are suitable for posteromedial condylar tibial plateau split fracture with lateral compartment depression,for the combined approaches gain advantages of easy operation,good reduction,rigid fixation,few soft-tissue complications and satisfactory clinical results.