After a description of the previous methods used in detecting research fronts and their problems, the methods to detect scientific funds-supported research fronts using sliding window were proposed .The research fronts in oncology were detected using the optimal clustering algorithms, which showed that the clustering effect of agglomerative algorithm was excellent on research fronts in oncology .The data in 4 sliding windows were analyzed by co-words clustering analysis to reveal the research fronts and their evolution rules in oncology .

Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Progesterone ; metabolism ; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) for refractory autoimmune 1iver disease:Methods Six patients with autoimmune liver disease who had failed MMF treatment and variation of biochemical indexes.adverse effects of the MMF treatment were recorded.Results After MMF treatment.the serum 1evels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were decreased to nOrmal level in three of four patients with higher ALT.The serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were decreased to more than fifty percent of normal level in four of five patients with higher ALP.The serum levels of γ-glutamyhransferase (GGT) were decreased to more than fifty percent of normal level in all five patients with higher GGT.The serum levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and γ-globulin were decreased to normal level in all two patients who had elevated IgG and r-globulin levels.The serum levels of total bilirublin and total bile acid.the count of white blood cell and platelet had no change.There were no adverse effects in a11 six patients.Conclusion MMF treatment for early refactory autoimmune liver disease is effective with few sideeffects.

OBJECTIVE:To try to establish a combined serum-pharmacology and electrophysiology method for the study of mechanism of chuanxiong extract in dilatating coronary artery.METHODS:Chuanxiong extract was intragastrically given to rats and mice,then the serum contents of tetramethylpyrazine(TMP)were determined by HPLC,which provided data for electrophysiological study.The action of chuanxiong extract on Ca 2+ -activated K channel(Kca)of smooth muscle of coronary artery in pigs was studied by patch clamp technique.RESULTS:The calibration curve of TMP was linear in the range of0.216～54?g/ml(r=0.9999).The recovery was100.7%～102.4%.The serum concentrations of TMP in rats and mice were(3.56?3.01)and(8.19?6.57)?g/ml respectively.The chuanxiong extract could not markedly activate the Kca of smooth muscle of coronary artery in patch clamp study.CONCLUSION:The established method for TMP determination is feasible and relieable.In order to improve the combined electrophysiology and serum pharmacology technique,high quality medical materials should be adopted and the bioavailability improved.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a HPLC method for the content determination of testosterone propionate in testosterone propionate paints.METHODS:The assaying was conducted on a Kromasil C 18 column with methanol-water solution(80∶20)as mobile phase,the detection wavelength was254nm and the flow rate was1.0ml/min.RESULTS:The linear concentration range of the testosterone propionate was100～400mg/ml(r=0.9997)with average recovery rate at98.5%(RSD=0.55%).CONCLUSION:The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and it can be used for the quality control of testosterone propionate paints.

Objective:To establish adoptive transfer model mice of type 1 diabetes for investigating the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.Methods:16 NOD.Scid mice were randomly divided into two groups.One was injected i.p. with splenocytes which were obtained from a diabetic NOD mouse and the other was injected with splenocytes obtained from a normal one.The blood glucose levels and weight were detected daily.The mice were killed when they had significant clinic appearance or 10 weeks after cell injection,followed by pathologic studies and cytokine assays.Results:The incidence of adoption group was 8/8 whereas that of control group was 0/8.The pathology scores of 2 groups were 2.5?0.2,0 separately.The amounts of IL-2,IL-10,IFN-? were 60.7 pg/ml,15.5 pg/ml and 20.2 ng/ml respectively in adoption group,and those in control group were 2.4 pg/ml,17.5 pg/ml,3.2 ng/ml.Conclusion:Model mice of type 1 diabetes can be established in NOD.Scid mice during the 5-10 week after adoptive transfer of splenocytes of diabetic NOD mice.

Objective:To mutate the codons which code the lysine at loci ? 99 ,? 82 in human hemoglobin gene to the codons which code the cystein.Methods:The objective gene to be mutated was cloned into pAlter Ex2 plasmis and then was mutated with the site directed mutagenesis mediated by oligonucleotide.Results:The sequencing of clones obtained by preliminary screening showed that the anticipated results were reached without any unexpected mutation.Conclusion:The results lay a foundation for the further development of research on expression and purification of recombinated mutant human hemoglobin gene.

Objective To make an attempt to express serialy the human ?,? globin in Escherichia Coli in order to carry out the research on blood substitute based on the genetic recombination of hemoglobin.Methods The routine molecular biology technology was used.Results The serial genetic fragment of ?,? globins containing the hemoglobin was amplified by PCR.The genetic sequencing showed that there was no unexpected mutation.And then,the serial genes were cloned into the pBV220 expression carrier.Undergoing thermal inducement,the expression product could reach about 20% of total bacterial protein.The expression product assumed the form of inclusion body,and it was vertified by Western Blotting.Conclusion This much can lay the solid foundations for further launching the research on expression and pruification of recombinant human hemoglobin genes.

Objective To study the clinical and pathological features of primary nephrotic syndrome in elderly patients.Methods Clinical data of patients with primary nephrotic syndrome aged ≥ 60 years underwent renal biopsy were retrospectively analyzed and patients with primary nephrotic syndrome aged ＜60 years were selected as control group.Results Male patients with primary nephrotic syndrome were common in the elderly group and control group,and there was no significant difference in gender composition between the two groups (62.0％ vs.61.5 ％,P＞0.05).The degree of edema and hypertension,levels of blood urea nitrogen,serum albumin,blood IgG and ratio of IgG /IgM were higher while levels of urinary protein and blood cholesterol were lower in elderly group than in control group (all P ＜ 0.05).No significant differences in the incidence of hematuria,serum levels of creatinine,IgA,and complement were found between the two groups (all P＞0.05).The risk of primary nephrotic syndrome was higher in elderly group than in control group (P＜0.01).The level change of blood IgG was positively associated with plasma albumin,while negatively associated with urinary protein and blood cholesterol in both groups (r=0.327,-0.147,-2.860,respectively,all P＜0.05).Membranous nephropathy was the most common type in elderly patients,accounting for 49.77％,while only accounting for 23.6％ in control group,which had a significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =62.390,P ＜ 0.01).Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis was common in both groups,but no significant difference(x2 =62.390,P＞0.05).Conclusions Male patients are more common than female patients in primary nephrotic syndrome.The clinical manifestations including urinary protein and serum albumin are milder but the risk is much greater in elderly patients than in the non-elderly patients.The change of blood IgG level is associated with urine albumin,plasma albumin and plasma cholesterol.Membranous nephropathy is the most common type followed by mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis in elderly patients with nephrotic syndrome.

ObjectiveTo explore the expression of p130Cas and paxillin in breast carcinoma and investigate the relationships of p130Cas and paxillin levels with clinical and pathological characteristics.MethodsReverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to detect the expression of p130Cas and paxillin in tumor tissues from 30 cases of primary breast carcinoma,15 cases of normal breast tissues and 10 cases of breast fibroadenoma.ResultsThe levels of p130Cas and paxillin were 0.444 ± 0.088,0.493 ± 0.073,0.739 ± 0.092,0.755 ± 0.137 in normal breast tissues and breast fibroadenoma tissues.The levels of p130Cas and paxillin were 0.914 ±0.186,0.303 ±0.043 in breast carcinoma tissues.Breast carcinoma tissues showed higher levels of p130Cas and lower levels of paxillin than normal breast tissues and breast fibroadenoma tissues(P ＜ 0.01 ).The expression of p130Cas was related with age (r =0.599,P =0.000 ),menopausal status (t =5.602,P =0.000 ),estrogen receptor ( ER ),progesterone receptor ( PR ) status (t =5.768,P =0.000; t =4.151,P =0.000 ) and histological grades (r =-0.668,P =0.000 ),but not related with tumor size (F =0.717,P =0.497 ),lymph node status (F =1.230,P =0.308 ) and pathological stages(r =0.283,P =0.137).The expression of paxillin was related with rumor size (F=4.114,P =0.028 ),pathological stages( r =-0.520,P =0.003),and lymph node status(F=12.418,P=0.000 ),but not related with age(r =0.294,P=0.115),menopausal status(t =-0.403,P =0.690),ER,PR status(t =0.749,P =0.460;t =0.006,P =0.995) and histological grades (r =-0.173,P =0.362).Conclusions p130Cas and paxillin have relations with the malignant transformation,invasion and metastasis of breast carcinoma.Measurement of p130Cas and paxillin may provide useful prognostic information for patients with primary or metastatic breast carcinoma.