Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations,pathological features,treatment and prognosis of nongesta-tional choriocarcinomas.Methods The clinicopathological data in 4 cases of nongestational choriocarcinoma were retrospectively analyzed and the relevant literatures were reviewed.Results All 4 patients had no confirmed diagnosis at first visit to hospital.All patients received the operative therapy and postoperative bleomycin,etoposide and cis-platinum (BEP)regimen chemotherapy.The followed up lasted for 3-32 months.One case died at postoperative 26 months due to pulmonary metastasis;one case was loss of follow up;two cases had relatively favorable condition.Conclusion Nongestational choriocarcinoma is a rare and highly invasive trophoblastic neoplasm,and is prone for early distant metastasis.The treatment is recommended to adopt operation combined with postoperative combined chemotherapy of multiple drugs.

To measure the relative affinity and type Specificity of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against the hexon antigen of adenovirus type 7,a simple ELISA double antibody binding system has been developed.By this method,ralative affinity of nine MAbs was estimated from the antibody concentrations at approximately 50% of plateau binding and were ranked.The theoretical basis for this method was discussed. Hybridomas secreting antibodies of desired affinity can be selected at an early stage after fussion by measuring relative affinity of hybridomas supernatants.The type specificity was judged by the difference between end-point concentration against adeno- virus type 7 and type 3.And the relation between affinity and specificity of MAbs was discussed.

Background Animal model of fungal keratitis is an available tool to the experimental study of the pathogenesis mechanism of fungal keratitis. Current modeling methods of fungal keratitis include corneal scratching, corneal stroma injection and corneal surface lens methods. But these methods still have their own shortages. Objective This experiment was to create a fungal keratitis animal model by modifying corneal surface lens method. Methods Modified animal models of fungal keratitis were created by modified corneal surface lens method in 12 general adult New Zealand white rabbits. The filter papers soaked 108 spores / ml or A106spores / ml of spergillus fumigatus suspension were attached on the de-epithelial cornea surface and fixed with contact lens and tarsorrhaphy for 2 days, and the filter paper with physiological saline was used as control group. The symptoms of anterior segment were examined under the slit lamp in 3 ,7 and 14 days after surgery and scored based on the criteria of Dong. Corneal scraping was stained with 10% potassium hydroxide and calcofluor white stain to observed mycelium under the fluorescence microscope. Corneal tissue sections were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining and periodic acid Schiff staining under the light microscope. The use of animal followed the Standard of Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Results Fungal keratitis models were successfully established in 6 eyes and 4 eyes in 108 spores/ml group (6/6) and 106 spores/ml group respectively. The symptom was more severer and score was higher in the eyes of 108 spores/ml group than that in 106 spores/ml group. At 3 and 7 days after surgery,the symptom scores of fungal keratitis models were higher than those of control group from 3 through 7 days with the statistically significant difference (P<0. 01) and the symptom scores of 108 spores/ml group were significantly higher than those of 106 spores/ml group (P<0. 01). At 14 days after surgery, the symptom scores of 108 spores/ml group were still higher than those of control group (P<0. 05). Fungal hyphae was seen in the corneal scrapes in 108 spores/ml group and 106 spores/ml group respectively from 3 through 7 days after surgery. Inflammatory cell infiltration, stroma cells necrosis and fungal hyphae were presented in 108 spores/ml group, and the corneal neovascularization could be observed in 108 spores / ml group 14 days later. Fungal culture revealed the positive outcome in both 3 and 7 days after surgery in 108 spores/ml group,but in 106 spores/ml group,the positive result was only in the 3rd day. Conclusion Modified corneal surface lens method is more feasible and sample in the model of Aspergillus keratitis. This animal model of Aspergillus keratitis is practical for the further study of fungal keratitis.

Objective To understand the clinical characteristics of elderly patients aged 60 years and over in Anhui Province who receive maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).Methods Clinical data of MHD patients in hemodialysis centers of 26 hospitals in Anhui Province from March 31, 2014 to January 1, 2014 were collected.With non-elderly MHD patients (aged over 18 old and under 60) serving as controls, similarities and differences in the primary disease, vascular access, nutritional status, mineral and bone disorders (MBD), and other related aspects in MHD patients were compared.Results The top three original diseases for elderly patients were chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) (32.8 ％), hypertensive nephrosclerosis (HNS) (27.7 ％) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) (26.2％).The proportion of patients with DN and HNS in the elderly was higher than in the control group (P ＜ 0.001).Vascular access types in elderly MHD patients were arteriovenous fistula (AVF) (89.4 ％), tunneled cuffed catheter (TCC) (8.9 ％), and temporary venous catheter (1.3％).The proportion of patients with AVF was lower (P＜0.001) and the proportion of patients with TCC was higher (P＜0.001) in the elderly group than in the control group.The incidence of anemia was higher in the elderly patients than in the control group (P＜0.05);the proportion of elderly patients with hemoglobin (Hb) levels was 30.3％, in which had no significant difference as compared with the control group (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of hypoalbuminemia was 21.2％ in elderly patients, which was higher than in the control group.The proportions of elderly MHD patients with normal levels of adjusted serum calcium, serum phosphorus, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were 52.0％, 27.9％ (higher than in the control group, P＜0.001), and 47.9％, respectively, while there was no difference in adjusted serum calcium and iPTH between the two groups (P＞0.05).The treatment rates for low serum calcium,hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in elderly patients were 50.6％,51.6％ and 71.5％, respectively, which had no significant difference as compared with those in the control group (P＞0.05).Conclusions Elderly patients with MHD show distinct characteristics in primary diseases, vascular access types, and nutrition and MBD status, including higher proportions of HNS and DN as their primary diseases.The type of vascular access is still dominated by AVF, and the proportion of TCC is higher.The nutritional status is poor, with a lower incidence of high phosphorus and a higher incidence of low iPTH.Efforts should be made to promote compliance in elderly patients to better control MBD, improve nutritional status and increase safety and effectiveness of treatment.

Objective To investigate the relationship between acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) and anomalous pancreaticobiliary duetal union (APBDU). Methods 131 patients with ABP were enrolled to test the serum total bilirubin (TB), alanine amintransferase (ALT), aspartate amintransferase (AST), alkaline phosphates (ALP), γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT). All the patients received medical treatment, and then these tests were performed again. Thereafter, all the patients underwent selective surgery and intra-operative cholangiography was performed to observe the pancreaticobiliary duetal union. Results 27 patients (20.6%) with APBDU were found in 131 patients. Among them, 8 cases (29.6%) was B-P subtype (TypeⅠ), 16 cases (59.3%) was P-B subtype (TypeⅡ) , and the remaining 3 cases was mixed subtype (TypeⅢ). A significant decrease of ALT, AST, ALP, γ-GT after non-surgical treatment in both group of APBDU and NAPBDU was noted (P＜0.05). The serum levels of ALT, AST,γ-GT in APBDU patients were (71.81± 23.19) U/L, (47.85±27.87) U/L, (52.86±31.49) U/L, respectively; and in NAPBDU patients were (51.96±15.40) U/L, (40.77±16.58) U/L, (34.86±26.47) U/L. The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Condusions APBDU is an important etiology of ABP.

Purpose To investigate the value of cytopathological diagnosis in combination with histopathological diagnosis for peripherial and diffuse lung diseases by biopsy specimens under CT guidance.Methods A total of 370 cases of lung biopsy specimens under CT guidance were reviewed.The correlation between cytopathological diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis was analyzed.The sensitivity and false negative rate of cytopathological diagnosis,histopathological diagnosis and the combinational diagnosis method were calculated,and the accordance rate of cytopathological diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis was analyzed.Results Among the 370 cases,histopathological diagnosis revealed 177 (47.84％) cancers,22 (5.95 ％) malignant tumors,16 (4.32％) suspicious malignancy,12 (3.24％) atypical cells and 143 (38.65 ％)negative findings,whereas the corresponding number for cytopathological diagnosis were 166(44.87％),10(2.70％),16(4.32％),49(13.24％)and 129(34.87％).The two diagnosis methods were correlated (P ＜ 0.001).The sensitivity of cytopathological diagnosis,histopathological diagnosis and the combinational method were 80.00％ (192/240),89.58％ (215/240) and 98.33％ (236/240),respectively.The eytopathologieal diagnosis and the histopathologieal diagnosis had a statistically significant difference in the sensitivity (P ＜ 0.05).The difference in sensitivity between the combinational method and the histopathological diagnosis was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).Overall,66.15％ (127/192) of the cytopathogically positive cases were precisely typed by cytopathological diagnosis.Complications during or after the operation were found in 14.59％ of cases,among which 31 had pneumothorax and 23 had bleeding in the needle passage or bloody sputum,all improving after appropriate treatment.Conclusion Percutaneous lung biopsy under CT guidance is a safe,sensitive and accurate method for diagnosis of lung diseases,and the combinational use of cytopathological diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis significantly increases the rate of diagnosis and has a favorable clinical application value.

The influence of short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated osteopontin (OPN) gene silencing on the proliferation and invasion of human renal cancer ACHN cells was investigated. Four types of OPN shRNA recombinant plasmids were constructed and RT-PCR assays were used to screen the most highly functional shRNA recombinant plasmids, which were transferred into the cultured ACHN cells by Lipofectamine 2000. The cells transfected by shRNA expression vectors (ACHN/OPN) were visualized under an inverted microscope and screened by G418. Untreated cells (ACHN) and cells transfected by mock vectors (ACHN/Vect) were used as control groups. The expression levels of OPN mRNA and protein were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot respectively. The cell cycle and ratios of apoptotic cells were assessed by flow cytometry. MTT method was used for drawing the growth curve and observing cell proliferation in vitro. The abilities of migration and invasion in three groups were measured by Transwell chamber test. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in three groups were examined by Western blot. Our results showed that the recombinant plasmid could be successfully transferred into ACHN cells by LipofectamineTM 2000. Compared with untreated cells, the expression levels of OPN mRNA and protein in ACHN/OPN cells were decreased by 59.68% and 76.42%, respectively (P<0.05), ACHN/OPN cells were blocked in S phase and apoptotic ratio increased significantly (P<0.05), however, no significant differences were found between ACHN/Vect and ACHN. Recombinant plasmid significantly attenuated expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins and suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ACHN cells. This study suggested that OPN may play an important role in the growth and invasion of human renal cancer ACHN cells, and these processes are correlated with the activations of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Our data provided preliminary experimental evidence for the feasibility of RNA interference technology in gene therapy of human renal cancer.

BACKGROUND:Stem cels are induced to differentiate into endothelial-like cels that can be used for the treatment of diabetic lower extremity vascular disease. However, it is unclear whether these endothelial-like cels can completely replace endothelial cels to improve vascular disease and what are the differences between endothelial-like cels and endothelial cels. OBJECTIVE:To explore the differences and similarities between endothelial-like cels and human umbilical vein endothelial cels in the aspects of morphology, function, and viability. METHODS:Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels and umbilical vein endothelial cels were isolated, cultured and identified using flow cytometry and immunohistochemical method. Isolated umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels were induced in DMEM-LG/F12 containing 10 μg/L vascular endothelial growth factor, 10 μg/L basic
fibroblast growth factor and 2% fetal bovine serum to differentiate into endothelial-like cels folowed by immunohistochemical identification. To compare endothelial-like cels with human umbilical vein endothelial cels, cel migration detection, active substance measurement and three-dimensional angiogenesis test were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Isolated umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels strongly expressed the surface markers of mesenchymal stem cels, and human umbilical vein endothelial cels strongly expressed CD31 and VWF. After induction, the umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cels were identified to highly express CD31 and VWF. Through cel migration, active substance and three-dimensional angiogenesis tests, endothelial-like cels were similar to endothelial cels in the function and activity, and superior to endothelial cels. Cite this article:Hao XJ, Hao HY, Zhu MJ, Yuan Z, Li WW, Chen J, Zhu LY. Endothelial-like cels versus human umbilical vein endothelial cels. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2016;20(1):83-88.

Animals ; Arrestins ; metabolism ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; Male ; Prefrontal Cortex ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; metabolism ; beta-Arrestin 1 ; beta-Arrestins

Objective To explore the correlation between the fluctuation of blood glucose levels and brain damage in neonates with hypoglycemia. Methods The clinical data of 58 cases of neonatal hypoglycemia diagnosed from September 2013 to August 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the results of neonatal cranial MRI and/or amplitude integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG), the neonates were divided into brain injury group and non-brain injury group. The fluctuation index of blood glucose was compared between two groups, and the correlation between the fluctuation of blood glucose level and brain injury was analyzed. Results In these 58 cases, 13 cases were in brain injury group (8 males and 5 females) and 45 cases were in non-brain injury group (27 males and 18 females). The lowest blood glucose (LBG) value in brain injury group was lower than that in non-brain injury group, while the duration of hypoglycemia, maximum blood glucose fluctuations (LAGE), standard deviation of blood glucose (SDBG), and average blood glucose fluctuations (MAGE) were higher than those in non-brain injury group, and they were all significantly different (P all<0.001). Conclusions Whether the hypoglycemia in newborn could lead to the brain injury or not depends not only on the minimum hypoglycaemia level and duration of hypoglycemia, but also on the indicators of glucose variation, such as LAGE, SDBG and MAGE.