OBJECTIVE To suvey the mastering of knowledge on prevention and treatment of AIDS among medical staff and evaluate the effect of health education on them.METHODS Suvey among medical staff was performed by self-designed questionnaires before and after education,then evaluated the effect of health education.RESULTS The mean score before education was 20.12?2.28;The mean score after education was 20.77?4.04.There were significant differences between them(t=6.417,P

Biofilms are microbial communities which are enclosed within a matrix of exopolysaccharides produced by the bacteria,fungi and protozoa growing intimately on a living or inert surfaces.Further researches on bcterial biofilms formation and molecular machines,pathogenic mechanisms (especially drug resistance),detection and treatment maybe provide novel pathways to refractory infections caused by bcterial biofilms.

Objective To investigate the effect of video -assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)and conventional thoracotomy in treatment of thoracic esophagus cancer,to provide the reference for clinical.Methods 90 cases of thoracic esophageal cancer in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2015 were chosen as the research subjects.They were randomly divided into observation group(application of VATS treatment)and the control group (application of traditional open chest surgery).The quantity difference,chest drainage,hospitalization time,complica-tions,recovery conditions and other indicators of bleeding were compared in the two groups.Results The operation time of the observation group[(267.6 ±76.5)min]was shorter than that of the control group[(324.4 ±87.6)min]. The amount of intraoperative bleeding[(235.3 ±79.5)mL],drainage volume[(327.5 ±95.2)mL]of the observation group were less than the control group[(398.2 ±98.3)mL and (752.6 ±156.4)mL].Postoperative hospitalization time[(12.2 ±3.2)d]of the observation group was shorter than the control group[(15.8 ±4.4)d].The differences were statistically significant (t =3.276,8.644,15.575,4.439,all P <0.05).There were no significant differences between two groups in recurrence and metastasis rate,mortality rate and total survival rate (χ2 =0.123,0.212, 0.212,all P >0.05).The complication rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =4.865,P <0.05).Conclusion In the treatment of thoracic esophageal carcinoma,VATS and conventional thoracotomy surgery has good effect,and VATS has small injury,less complication.

OBJECTIVEThe efficiency network is a complicated network for revealing the efficient mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and relations among efficiencies. The efficiency-property relations were used to establish a warm-pungent-liver efficiency network to explain the principle of treating hepatoma with medicines invigorating blood circulation and eliminating blood stasis. Safflower, a warm-pungent medicine distributing along the live meridian, was taken for example to discuss the efficiency network' s application in the identification of active ingredients of TCMs and the combination.

METHODIn the early stage of this study, combined warm-pungent-liver medicines distributed along the liver meridian and invigorating blood circulation and eliminating blood stasis were taken as the study objects to collect the pharmacological effect data of warm-pungent-liver medicines and obtain the pharmacological effect combinations with the highest blood circulation-invigorating association by the association rules and the chi-square test. The pharmacological target data recorded in the DrugBank database is used to establish the warm-pungent-liver efficiency network according to the principle line of "efficiency-property-pharmacology-target-protein interaction" under the background of the protein interaction network.

RESULTThe blood circulation-invigorating medicines could directly treat hepatoma by impacting protooncogene, cancer suppressor gene, cell apoptosis and anti-inflammation, and indirectly treat hepatoma by resisting coagulation and adhesion, regulating local blood circulation, preventing cancer cell metastasis and enhancing the tissues' sensitivity to the anticancer drugs. Among the active ingredients of safflower screened based on the blood circulation-invigorating network targets, carthamin yellow, quercetin and luteolin have been proved to have the anti-hepatoma effect in literatures, which indicated the reliability of this study's results and the purpose of the efficiency network.

CONCLUSIONThe efficiency network is an effective method for revealing the TCM's mechanism, and lays a foundation for discovering key active ingredients of TCMs for treating specific diseases.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Blood Circulation ; drug effects ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; drug effects ; Humans ; Liver ; blood supply ; drug effects ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology

At present, studies on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) properties are mostly restricted to a single or two kinds of medicinal properties, but deviated from the holism of the theoretical system of TCMs. In this paper, the characteristics of pharmacological effects of different property combinations of TCMs distributing in the stomach meridian were take as the study objective. The data of properties of TCMs distributing in the stomach meridian was collected from the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2005). The data of pharmacological effects of TCMs distributing in the stomach meridian was collected from all of literatures recorded in Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CNKI) since 1980, Science of Chinese Materia Medica (Yan Zhenghua, People's Medical Publishing House, 2006) and Clinical Science of Chinese Materia Medica (Gao Xuemin, Zhong Gansheng, Hebei Science and Technology Publishing House, 2005). The corresponding pharmacological effects of property combinations of TCMs distributing in the stomach meridian was mined by the method of association rules. The results of the association rules were consistent with the empirical knowledge, and showed that different medicinal property combinations had respective pharmacological characteristics, including differences and similarities in pharmacological effects of different medicinal property combinations. Medicinal property combinations with identical four properties or five tastes showed similar pharmacological effects; whereas medicinal property combinations with different four properties or five tastes showed differentiated pharmacological effects. However, medicinal property combinations with different four properties or five tastes could also show similar pharmacological effects. In this study, the medicinal property theory and the pharmacological effects of TCMs were combined to reveal the main characteristics and regularity of pharmacological effects of TCMs distributing in the stomach meridian and provide a new way of thinking and method for revealing the mechanism action of TCMs distributing in the stomach meridian and discovering the pharmacological effects of TCMs distributing in the stomach meridian.
Databases, Factual ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Meridians ; Stomach ; drug effects ; Stomach Diseases ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo discuss the rationality of the clinical replacement of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) bear bile with bile acid constituents, and analyze the difference between these constituents and bear bile in drug properties.

METHODSummarizing the drug properties of bear bile by reference to medical literatures for drug properties of TCM bear bile and Science of Traditional Chinese Medicine (China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2007). Analyzing and summarizing the pharmacological effects of main bile acid constituents according to relevant literatures for studies on pharmacological effects of main bile acid constituents in CNKI database. Predicating the drug properties of these bile acid constituents by using the drug property predication model established by the study group according the pharmacological effects of main bile acid constituents in the paper, and compare the prediction results with the drug properties of bear bile.

RESULTBile acid constituents in bear bile were mostly cold in property, bitter in taste, and the combination of their drug properties could reflect the combined drug properties of bear bile.

CONCLUSIONAll of these bile acid constituents in bear bile could show part of effects of bear bile. Attention shall be given to regulate the medication scheme in clinical application according to actual conditions.

Animals ; Bile ; chemistry ; Bile Acids and Salts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Taste ; Ursidae

Objective To evaluate hepatectomy for liver metastasis in breast cancer patients. Methods From May 1997 to May 2000, 18 primary breast cancer patients with metachronous liver metastases underwent hepatectomy. The clinicopathologic features and surgical results were analyzed. Results The actuarial 1,3-year survival rates after hepatic resection were 100% and 83. 3% for patients with solitary metastasis, and 90.9% and 54.5% for those with multiple foci. Conclusions Posthepatectomy long term survival was correlated with the number of foci in postmastectomy breast cancer patients suffering from heterochronous liver metastasis. Tumor size and TNM stage of breast cancer were not correlated with the survival. Aggressive surgery helps to prolong the survival.

Objective To study the regiments of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in admitted type 2 diabetic patients, and to analyse the factors related to its effectiveness and insulin dosage. Methods A total of 1 276 type 2 diabetic patients were treated by CSII. The total efficacy of CSII was evaluted. The use of CSII was also analysed in the newly diagnosed patients, elderly patients, and patients with obese or infectious disease. Results The excellent control of blood glucose were achieved in (5.7±2.6)days in the dosage more early and quickly in the newly diagnosed group than that in the previously diagnosed group after the blood glucose levels achieved good control. The percentage of the patients reached the clinical relieve was also higher in the newly diagnosed group. The incidence of hypoglycemia was significantly higher in the elderly patients with lower basal insulin dosage at night. The bolus insulin dosage in the obese patients was higher than that in the non-obese patients. The patients with infectious disease usually have a higher basal insulin dosage than those without infectious disease. The days needed for achieving good control of blood glucose and the insulin dosage were related to infectious factors, the basal blood glucose and obesity. Conclusion The application of CSII among the patients is varied with different conditions. Blood glucose level, body mass index and infection factors are important to determine the initial insulin dosage.

Background Human paired box gene 6 (PAX6)encodes a transcriptional regulator.It is essential for eye and brain morphogenesis.Mutation of PAX6 gene isresponsible for many congenital ocular malformations,such as aniridia.Aniridia is a autosomal dominant inheritance mode.Objective In this study,PAX6 gene mutation was analyzed in three Chinese families with aniridia through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing.Methods The blood specimens were collected from 5 suffers and normal individuals of 3 aniridia families to extract DNA.The sequences of extron 4-13 were designed based on PAX6 gene.The primer was amplified by PCR and sequenced and compared with the known PAX6 gene sequence.This study complied with Declaration of Helsinki and approved by ethic committee of Sichuan University.Written informed consent was obtained from each individual before any medial examination.ResultsThere were 5 suffers in the 3 families.A heterozygous mutation (c.718 C＞T) in PAX6 gene was identified in 2 patients of family A.This mutation caused an amino acid substitution of arginine to termination codon at position 240 ( p.Arg240X) of PAX6 protein.No similar change in the normal families.No any the alteration of PAX6 gene was detected in family B whatever suffers and normal individuals.In family C,a deletion mutation of c.331 delG ( p.Val111 SerfsX13 ) in PAX6 gene was found.The deletion of one base caused frame shift mutation of PAX6 protein,and no such mutation was seen in other families.Conclusions Mutation of PAX6 gene appeares to be causative mutations of the disease in family A and C.

The chemical investigation on Ganoderma philippii led to the isolation of sixteen compounds by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. On the basis of spectroscopic data analyses, their structures were elucidated as 2, 5-dihydroxyacetophenone (1), methyl gentisate (2), (S) -dimethyl malate (3), muurola-4, 10 (14) -dien-11beta-ol (4), dihydroepicubenol (5), 5-hydroxymethylfuran carboxaldehyde (6), ergosta-7, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (7), ergosta-7, 22E-dien-3-one (8), ergosta-7, 22E-diene-2beta, 3alpha, 9alpha-triol (9), 6/beta-methoxyergo-sta-7, 22E-dien-3beta, 5alpha-diol (10), ergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22E-tetraen-3-one (11), ergosta4, 6, 8-(14), 22E-etetraen-3beta-ol (12), 5alpha, 8alpha-epidioxy-ergosta-6, 22E-dien-3beta-ol (13), 7alpha-methoxy-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxyergosta-8-(14), 22E-dien-3beta-ol (14), ergosta-8, 22E-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta, 7alpha-tetraol (15), and ergosta-5, 23-dien-3beta-ol, acetate (16). All the compounds were obtained from this fungus for the first time, and compounds 4 and 5 were isolated from the Ganoderma genus for the first time.
Ganoderma ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; isolation & purification