By counting the amount of microbes inoculation of superficial fungus and MIC determination, 10 kinds of herbs distributed in China were observed for their bacteriostatic actions on 8 kinds of common superficial fungal infections. Among them, 5% water extracts from Cortex Moutan Radicis, Herba Artemisia, Cortex Dictamni Radicis, Cortex Fraxini Rhizoma Belamcandae and Radix Notopterigii, their average MIC were 11. 88%, indicating that they can be applied as wide - spectrum antifungal herbs for superficial mycotic infection.

By UV induced mutagenesis of protoplasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain f4, f5 and f6, and screening on plates containing different concertration of ethanol at different temperature, we obtained improved strains, such as f4.2, f5.1, f6.2, f4.5. By using a DES to deal with all the improved strains, We obtained two mutants, f5.1.1 and f4.2.1,which have improved ethanol torlerance. We made use of genome shuffling to generate improved strains in this work. We shuffled twice these improved strains by protoplast fusion and finally obtained strains with higher temperature and ethanol tolerance. we also identified shuffled strains that produced more ethanol by shake-flask experments. At the 35℃, the ethanol yield of R24 strain got to 12.93% (W/V), and were almost 5% higher than that of stain f4.

Objective To study the inhibitory effects of Probucol on the expressions of serum promatrix metalloproteinase-2(pro-MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods The levels of serum Pro-MMP-2 and MMP-2 were detected by zymograph and total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were measured by enzyme method in 30 CHD patients before and after treatment with Probucol.Results After treatment of Probucol,the expression levels of pro-MMP-2,MMP-2,TC and LDL-C in serum were decreased than those before treatment,respectively;there were obvious differences of various indexes mentioned above between before and after treatment(P0.05).Conclusion Probucol can inhibit the expressions of pro-MMP-2 and MMP-2 in serum as same as TC and LDL-C.Probucol,as one of TIMPs,may be applied to stabilize plaque..

Objectives To evaluate plain radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans in respect of assessment of articular fragment displacements (step and gap) in displaced acetabular fractures. Methods A retrospective evaluation was done to analyze the CT scans and plain radiographs of 64 patients who had been treated for displaced acetabular fractures in our hospital from January 1998 to May 2003. Of them, 20 met the inclusion criteria. In a blind method, 3 independent reviewers measured step and gap deformities on plain radiographs and CT scans utilizing a standardized measurement technique. The sensitivity and specificity of plain radiographs in detecting step and gap displacements (2 mm and 4 mm) in comparison of those of CT scans were determined. Moreover, intraclass correlation coefficient and intraobserver reliability were also calculated. Results Compared with CT, plain radiographs showed poor sensitivity in detecting step deformity (sensitivity = 44.3%). As far as fracture type was concerned, plain radiographs were particularly poor at detecting step deformity in fractures involving a single column of the acetabulum (sensitivity = 0%). Excellent intraobserver and intraclass reliability existed among the 3 reviewers. Conclusions Compared with CT scans, plain radiographs are poorly sensitive in detection of step and gap deformities in patients with acetabular fractures, and particularly poor at detecting step deformities. Therefore, in treatment of displaced acetabular fractures, CT scans are essential and should not only be used together with plain radiographs in the preoperative evaluation but also be considered in the postoperative assessment of fracture reduction and predicting future outcomes.

[Objective]To evaluate the unreamed femoral nail with spiral blade (UFN-SB) in the treatment of nonpathologic subtrochanteric femoral fractures.[Method]Twenty-seven patients who suffer subtrochanteric femoral fracture.Those fractures were classified with Seinsheimer’s way.Two cases of typeⅠ,9 cases of typeⅡ(5 of typeⅡ_A,3 of typeⅡ_B,1 of typeⅡ_C),12 cases of typeⅢ(7 of typeⅢ_A,5 of typeⅢ_B),3 cases of typeⅣ,1 case of typeⅤ.[Result]All cases were fellowed-up for 9~42 months,average 15 months.The authordidn't find any severe complications.All these patients could exercise early and bearing weight early.The authordidn't observe broken or loosen or quitted of this kind of internal fixation.[Conclusion]The UFN-SB is a better way for the treatment of subtrochanteric fractures of the femur.It can provide a satisfied restoration,a dependable fixation.It does good use to the concrescence of bone.It prevents short,rotation and varus angulation of femoral.The author get very good curative effect,less trauma,good sciatic function by using this kind of way to heal subtrochanteric femoral fracture.Especially in old people who suffer osteoporosis,this kind of interlocking way decreases the quantity lose of the bone,increases the contact area between bone and internal fixation,provides better angulation stability and rotation stability.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy ( SBRT ) for locally advanced pancreatic cancer ( LAPC) shows good signs of efficacy as measured by local control,which can also reduce toxicity. The dose fractionation in foreign countries have changed from conventional fractionation to single fraction and finally moderate hypofractionation. It is similar to that in China, with the dose fractionation changing from conventional fractionation to moderate hypofractionation. This review introduces the latest research results of dose fractionation of SBRT for LAPC.

Alzheimers disease is a progressive neurodegeneration disorder that is characterised by the accumulation of ? amyloid deposits and neurofibrillary tangles. It has been long assumed that the disrupted interneuronal communication that occurs in AD brain does not involve widespread changes in postsynaptic receptor function. However, recent evidence suggests that both the neurotransmitter receptor/G protein modulated adenyl cyclase and the phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis signal transduction cascades are disrupted in AD. Such disruption in AD may provide a reason for the relative lack of success of neurotransmitter replacement therapies for the disorder. Moreover it can direct drug research and development for AD treatment.

Objective Dentritic cell-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) is an important receptor for pathogenic microbes, and it acts as pathogen-recognition receptor (PAMP) and provides a bridge between the innate immunity and acquired immunity. It is meaningful to clarify whether DC-SIGN takes part in the course of cutaneous Trichosporon asahii infection and how it manages the other cytokines. Methods Twenty-five male mice were hypodermically injected with 3.2?107 CFU/ml of Trichosporon asahii suspension on one side of the back, the other side of the back received no injection to serve as control. Another five mice were treated with 0.9% saline solution as control. The cutaneous specimens were obtained on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day after inoculation. The expression of DC-SIGN gene and the other genes related to cutaneous immunity after cutaneous infection of Trichosporon asahii were investigated by RT-PCR and microarray. Results The DC-SIGN products containing 242 bp of nucleic acid from the skin specimens of the inoculated sites were amplified with RT-PCR on the 3rd, 7th and 14th day after inoculation. The results of microarray showed that a series of genes were down-regulated, including complement component 2, TNF-inducible protein cg12-1 (CG12-1), interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 3 (Ifit3), CD53 antigen, CD22 antigen, and prostaglandin E receptor 4. Conclusions The results suggest that DC-SIGN takes part in the course of Trichosporon asahii infection. DC-SIGN not only inhibits Th1 type of cell-mediated immunity, but also inhibits some of complement factors, prostaglandin E receptor and immunoglobulin binding protein 1b, thus resulting in chronic and intractable infection of Trichosporon asahii. The detailed roles of DC-SIGN in the course need to be further studied.

Nerve growth factor (NGF), one of the most potent growth factors for cholinergic neurons, has generated great interest as a potential target for the treatment of Alzheimers disease (AD). The degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, which provides the major source of cholinergic innervation to the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, occurs early and contributes significantly to cognitive decline in AD. Those regions show high level expression of NGF and NGF receptors and depend on NGF for their survival and proper function. NGF executes its effects mainly by binding high affinity receptor TrkA in the remaining neurons of AD. Meanwhile, stimulation of neurons may protect those cells from the deleterious effects of AD, a phenomenon called “use it or lose it.”However, the use of NGF as therapeutic agent is limited by their hindered mobility through the blood brain barrier. Many theoretical and technical issues for NGF delivery to the target region in the brain remain to be solved, before NGF can live up to its potential for the treatment of AD.

Congenital malformations of the external and middle ear is the common reason of pediatric hearing impairment and cosmic problem. The treatment composes of auricular plastic surgery and auditory reconstruction surgery. The use of BAHA, vibrant sound-bridge and tissue engineering materials can significantly improve the treatment outcomes.
Contraindications ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Ear, Middle ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Hearing Aids ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Treatment Outcome