[Objective]To evaluate the outcome inforation provided by two scoring systems after operative treatment of elementary posterior wall fractures of the acetabulum.[Method]Thirty-two patients with elementary posterior wall fracture of the acetabulum were included in the study.Functional outcomes were assessed with use of the eight health dimensions of the short form(SF)-36,and clinical outcomes were evaluated with use of the modified Merle d' Aubign? score.The SF-36 scores were compared with previously reported normal values and the correlation was analyzed between the modified Merle d' Aubign? score and score of each SF-36 health dimension.[Result]The mean modified Merle d' Aubign? score was 16.28 (range 13-18,SD 1.3),indicating overall good-to-excellent clinical results.However,all SF-36 health dimensions were significatly lower than the expected forms,with a significant statistical difference(P

OBJECTIVETo explore the protective effect and the mechanism of Puerarin Injection (PI) on myocardial ischemia reperfusion in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and angina pectoris (AP).

METHODSSeventy-eight patients with AP planned to receive the PTCA and stenting treatment were randomly divided and single-blindedly into the conventional group and the PI group. Based on the conventional treatment and pre-operational preparation, the PI group was given 200 ml of PI by intravenous dripping once a day, beginning from one week before operation, but to the conventional group, normal saline was given for instead. The condition of AP attack in balloon dilatatory stage of PTCA was observed and change of ST segment of ECG detected by a 12-lead ECG monitor. The blood levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF:Ag), nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were also observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSAs compared with those in the conventional group, number of patients having AP attack and ST segment change in PTCA process was lessened in the PI group, with blood levels of vWF:Ag and ET-1 obviously lower, and NO content obviously higher than those in the conventional group,

CONCLUSIONSPI could protect the myocardium in 2-3 days after ischemia reperfusion, one of the possible reasons is that PI can simulate the late phase of ischemic preconditioning, which may be related to its effect in lowering plasma vWF:Ag and ET-1, and increasing the serum NO content.

Angina Pectoris ; therapy ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Antigens ; blood ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Isoflavones ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Stents ; von Willebrand Factor ; immunology

Objective To evaluate the effects of diphenylhydantoin sodiumpolybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles (DPH-PBCA-NPs) and DPH-PBCA-NPs modified with Tween-80on rat models of epilepsy, and investigate the advantage of nanoparticle as the drug delivery system.Methods The rat models of acute epilepsy induced by lithium pilocarpine were established and randomly divided into 5 groups: group Ⅰ (performing injection of DPH-PBCA-NPs modified with Tween-80), group Ⅱ (performing injection of DPH-PBCA-NPs), group Ⅲ (performing injection of diphenylhydantoin sodium), group Ⅳ (performing injection of PBCA-NPs) and group Ⅴ (performing injection of physiological saline). The changes of electroencephalogram (EEG) manifestations of these rats were observed by using video-EEG monitoring; and their behavioral changes were noted too.Results The lithium pilocarpine induced rat models of acute epilepsy were successfully established and their status epilepticus were confirmed by EEG and their behaviors. The effective rate of DPH-PBCA-NPs modified with Tween-80 and DPH-PBCA-NPs was 91.67% and 54.55%, respectively;the effective rate of rats in group Ⅲ was 50%, and the effective rate of rats in group Ⅳ and Ⅴ was 0%;DPH-PBCA-NPs modified with Tween-80 enjoyed a better effect than DPH-PBCA-NPs and DPH (P＜0.05). Conclusion DPH-PBCA-NPs and DPH-PBCA-NPs modified with Tween-80 can be used to improve the behaviors of rats with acute epilepsy and modify the results of EEG of these rats.Nanoparticles as drug delivery system can help the drugs having their effects much quickly and effectively.

Background: The value of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) DNA assay during posttreatment follow-up of the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) presenting with different pretreatment plasma EBV DNA levels remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of plasma EBV DNA assay during posttreatment follow-up in the patients with NPC who have undergone intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Methods: The medical records of 385 NPC patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy between Novem-ber 2009 and February 2012 were reviewed. All patients underwent plasma EBV DNA assays before treatment, within 3 months after treatment, and then every 3–12 months during posttreatment follow-up period. The recurrence rates for patients with different pretreatment and posttreatment follow-up plasma EBV DNA levels were analyzed. Results: Of the 385 patients, 267 (69.4％) had detectable pretreatment plasma EBV DNA (> 0 copy/mL) and 93 (24.2％) had detectable posttreatment EBV DNA during a median follow-up of 52.8 months (range 9.3–73.8 months). Detectable EBV DNA during posttreatment follow-up was found in 14.4％ (17/118) and 28.5％ (76/267) of patients with undetectable and detectable pretreatment EBV DNA, respectively, and was significantly associated with tumor recurrence in both patient groups. EBV DNA was detectable in 12.8％ (40/313) of patients who remained disease-free, 56.4％ (22/39) of patients with locoregional recurrence alone, and 93.9％ (31/33) of patients with distant metastasis as the first recurrence event (P < 0.001); 6.5％ (19/292) of patients with undetectable EBV DNA and 57.0％ (53/93) of patient with detectable EBV DNA during posttreatment follow-up experienced tumor recurrence. Compared with other cut-off values, the cut-off value of 0 copy/mL for EBV DNA during posttreatment follow-up had the highest area under the ROC curve (AUC) value (0.804, 95％ confidence interval 0.741–0.868) for predicting tumor recurrence (sensi-tivity, specificity, and accuracy: 73.6％, 87.2％, and 84.7％, respectively).Conclusion: Plasma EBV DNA level during posttreatment follow-up is a good marker for predicting distant metasta-sis but not locoregional recurrence in the patients with NPC irrespective of the pretreatment EBV DNA levels.

Objective To explore the situation of weary of job of psychiatric nurses and its relationships to working pressure, coping method and social support.Methods Surveys were conducted with the Chinese Maslach Burnout Invertory (CMBI), Nurses Job Stressor Inventory (NJSI), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ) and Social Support Scale (SSS) among clinical nurses at Grade-3 Psychosis Special Hospital.Results Job weary levels of psychiatric nurses were moderate, their main problems were emotional exhaustion(27.01 ± 5.66) and reduced personal accomplishment(17.07 ± 5.59).Emotional exhaustion was closely related to age, nursing age, professional title, 5 dimensions of job pressure, passive coping method and social support availability(r = 0.527 ～ - 0.239, P < 0.01), and reduced personal accomplishment to age and nursing age(r = 0.301 0.318, P < 0.01).Multiple linear regressions showed that nursing age and patients' nursing problems and social support availability of job stressors had significant influences on emotional exhaustion.Conclusions Changing the age structure of psychiatric nurses, coping nursing problems of mental disorder patients reasonably and perceiving and utilizing social support sufficiently are important intervening measures relieving job-burnout of psychiatric nurses.

AIMTo investigate the effect on myocardial apoptosis and Bcl-2/Bax induced by remote preconditioning (RP) and to discuss the hypothesis from opioid receptors in pigs.

METHODSSkeletal muscle ischemia was performed in pigs by occlusion of the femoral artery (FAO) for 15 min followed by a 10 min of reperfusion. Infarction of the heart was induced by 40 min of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion followed by 120 min reperfusion. In the RP model induced by FAO, the role of opioid receptors was investigated by using antagonist of the opioid receptors (naloxone). The signal transduction pathway of RP was investigated by using hexamethonium. Apoptosis of left ventricular samples from nonischemic and ischemic areas was detected in situ with end-labeling (TUNEL) method and measured by flow cytometry. Bcl-2 and Bax was also measured by flow cytometry.

RESULTS(1) The apoptosis rate in ischemic myocardium in RP group measured by flow cytometry was lower (4.43% +/- 0.74%) compared with that in CONT group (15.4% +/- 1.15%), but Bcl-2/Bax was higher (1.36 +/- 0.09, CONT group: 0.56 +/- 0.08). (2) The protective effect could be prevented by naloxone used before RP protocol (apoptosis rate: 13.0% +/- 0.56% and Bcl-2/Bax: 0.69 +/- 0.18, P < 0.05). (3) Naloxone had no effect on apoptosis rate in CONT group. (4) Hexamethonium used before RP protocol had no effect on apoptosis rate and bcl-2/bax. Apoptotic cardiomyocytes detected in TUNEL correspond to the above.

CONCLUSIONRP induced by skeletal muscle ischemia could prevent myocardium from apoptosis, in which Bcl-2 and Bax might take part in regulation and control. Furthermore opioid receptors could take part in triggering the course and a neuronal signal transmission from the remote area to heart could be excluded.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Muscle, Skeletal ; blood supply ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; pathology ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Receptors, Opioid ; Swine

Objective:To investigate whether endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2 S)was involved in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA)and its underlying mechanism,to detect H2 S and its synthases ex-pression in knee cartilage in patients diagnosed with different severity of OA,and to explore the transcrip-tion and expression of gene MMP-13 in chondrocytes treated with IL-1βor H2S.Methods:Synovial fluids of the in-patients with different severity of OA hospitalized in Peking University First Hospital were collected for measurement of H2 S content using methylene blue assay.Articular cartilages of the patients who underwent knee arthroplasty were collected for the cell culture of relatively normal chondrocytes.The chondrocytes were cultured to the P3 generation and H2 S molecular probes were used for detection of endogenous H2 S generation in the chondrocytes.Immunocytochemistry was used to detect the localization of H2 S synthases including cystathionine β-synthase (CBS),cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE),and mercap-topyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST)in OA chondrocytes.Western blot was used to quantify the protein expressions of CSE,MPST,and CBS in cartilage tissues of the patients who were diagnosed with OA and underwent knee arthroplasty.The relatively normal human chondrocytes were cultured to passage 3 and then divided into 4 groups for different treatments:(1 )the normal control group,no reagent was added;(2)the IL-1βgroup,5 μg/L of IL-1βwas added;(3)the IL-1β+H2S group,200 μmol/L of NaHS was added 30 min before adding 5 μg/L of IL-1β;(4)the H2 S group,200 μmol/L of NaHS was added. The transcription and expression of gene MMP-13 in chondrocytes of each group were determined with Real-time PCR and Western blot,respectively.And the total NF-κB p65 and phosphorylated NF-κB p65 in chondrocytes were detected with Western blot.Results:The content of H2 S in the synovial fluid of degenerative knee was (14.3 ±3.3)μmol/L.Expressions of endogenous H2 S and its synthases including CBS,CSE and MPST were present in the cytoplasm of chondrocytes.CSE protein expression in Grade 3 (defined by outerbridge grading)cartilage tissues was significantly increased as compared with that of Grade 1 cartilage tissues (1.67 ±0.09 vs.1.26 ±0.11,P<0.05).However,no significant difference of CBS or MPST expression among the different groups was observed.The expression of MMP-13 protein in the IL-1βgroup was significantly higher than that in the normal chondrocytes (1 .87 ±0.67 vs.0.22 ± 0.10,P<0.05 ),and that in the IL-1β+H2 S group was significantly decreased than that in the IL-1βgroup (0.55 ±0.11 vs.1.87 ±0.67,P<0.05),and that in the H2S group had no significant difference compared with that in the normal control group.The transcription of MMP-13 protein in the IL-1βgroup was significantly higher than that in the normal chondrocytes (31.40 ±0.31 vs.1.00 ±0.00,P<0.05), and that in the IL-1β+H2 S group was significantly decreased than that in the IL-1βgroup (24.41 ± 1.28 vs.31.40 ±0.31,P<0.05),and that in the H2S group had no significant difference compared with that in the normal control group.The total NF-κB p65 in the IL-1βgroup was significantly higher than that in the normal chondrocytes (2.13 ±0.08 vs.0.73 ±0.08,P<0.05),and that in the IL-1β+H2S group was significantly decreased than that in the IL-1βgroup (1 .24 ±0.13 vs.2.13 ±0.08,P<0.05 ),and that in the H2 S group had no significant difference compared with that in the normal control group.The phosphorylated NF-κB p65 in IL-1βgroup was significantly higher than that in the normal chondrocytes (1.30 ±0.13 vs.0.19 ±0.04,P<0.05),and that in IL-1β+H2S group was significantly decreased than that in the IL-1βgroup (0.92 ±0.26 vs.1.30 ±0.13,P<0.05),and that in the H2S group had no significant difference compared with that in the normal control group.Conclusion:H2 S affected the cartilage degeneration by partly inhibiting the degradation of extracellular matrix.

Gene editing tools with nucleases as the main component have now implemented programmable targeted mutagenesis or insertion or deletion of mammalian genomes.From zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), CRISPR/Cas system to safer and more accurate Cas9 fusion protein gene editing tools and other nuclease gene editing tools, this paper systematically describes the development and evolution of gene editing, with detailed introduction to the development and optimization of next-generation gene editing tools, and a prospect of the clinical application of and challenges for gene editing tools.

Objective: To investigate the impact of childhood traumatic experiences on individual risktaking decisions in early adulthood using functional nearinfrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), so as to provide the reference for clarifying the brain mechanisms underlying the impact of childhood trauma on individual risky decision. Methods: From December 2023 to March 2024, 28 children with childhood trauma experiences (trauma group) and 32 healthy college students (control group) were selected from Jining Medical University by a combination of stratified descent and convenient sampling methods. All subjects participated in the Iowa Game task fNIRS scanning. The brain activation, functional connectivity, graph theory properties (degree centrality, betweenness centrality, and local efficiency), and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed by using preprocessing fNIRS data. Results: Compared with control group, trauma group showed significantly fewer choice times in the inferior deck (Z=-0.88), and showed significantly decreased activation levels in the right frontalpolar (Z=-2.59), as well as showed significant decreased functional connectivity between left dorsolateral prefrontal and in right dorsolateral prefrontal (Z=-3.78), and between left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the right frontal pole (Z=-3.68)(P<0.05). The central index of right inferior frontal gyrus in the trauma group was higher than that in the control group, while the central index of left and right dorsolateral frontal lobes was lower than that in the control group (Z=2.13, -2.53, -2.12, P<0.05). The centrality index of the right inferior frontal gyrus in the trauma group was higher than that in the control group (Z=2.47, P<0.05). The local efficiency indicators of the right inferior frontal gyrus, left and right frontal pole in the trauma group were higher than those in the control group (Z=2.51, 2.17, 2.53, P<0.05). The results of the ROC curve analysis showed that the local efficiency achieved the highest area under the curve (AUC=0.68). Conclusions Young adults with childhood trauma experience tend to choose lower loss, and the frontal pole shows a lack of activation in the whole process of risk decision performance. The abnormalities in the brain connectivity and network properties might be the neural basis of excessive defense mechanisms that childhood trauma leads to risky decisions.

BACKGROUNDThe Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway are the two major independent signal transduction pathways. However, it has recently been found that STAT3 may be negatively regulated by ERK1/2 in gp130-dependent signaling. Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), a potent novel hypertrophic cytokine, depends on gp130 to induce signaling and depends on STAT3 to exert hypertrophic effect. In this study, we examined whether STAT3 activity was negatively regulated by ERK1/2 during CT-1-induced signaling in rat cardiomyocytes and, if so, whether such crosstalk interfered with the hypertrophic effect of CT-1 and, furthermore, whether the mechanism underlying the crosstalk involved phosphorylation of serine 727 (S727) in STAT3.

METHODSThe activities of ERK1/2 and STAT3 were assessed by in-gel kinase assay and Western blot analysis, respectively. The role of S727 phosphorylation in the crosstalk between ERK1/2 and STAT3 was determined by a transient transfection study using a STAT3S727A mutant. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was evaluated by the cellular protein-to-DNA ratio and [(3)H]-leucine incorporation.

RESULTSCT-1 simultaneously activated both ERK1/2 and STAT3 in rat cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of ERK1/2 by U0126 resulted in an increase of CT-1-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 and, consequently, the protein-to-DNA ratio and [(3)H]-leucine incorporation. Transient transfection of the cells with STAT3S727A had no significant effect on CT-1-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3.

CONCLUSIONSSTAT3 is activated by CT-1 in rat cardiomyocytes, but full activation is mitigated by the simultaneous activation of ERK1/2. The inhibition of ERK1/2 increases the activity of STAT3, which, in turn, enhances the hypertrophic effect of CT-1. The crosstalk between ERK1/2 and STAT3 is independent of the phosphorylation of the S727 in STAT3. Such crosstalk may contribute to the development of adequate cardiac hypertrophy.

Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Cardiomegaly ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Cytokine Receptor gp130 ; Cytokines ; toxicity ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; physiology ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; physiology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; Trans-Activators ; physiology ; Tyrosine ; metabolism