OBJECTIVE:To analyze and compare the congruity between Maria and DDW-J standard and Roussel uclaf causali-ty assessment method(RUCAM)for diagnosing drug-induced liver injury(DILI),and evaluate its application. METHODS:In ret-rospective analysis,the clinical data of 122 patients with DILI with RUCAM ≥3 scores was quantitatively scored by Maria and DDW-J standard,χ2 test was conducted for statistical analysis. RESULTS:Among the 122 cases,120 cases(98.4%)were classi-fied as“likely and possible”by DDW-J standard,which was significantly higher than the 58 cases(47.5%)that classified as“pos-sible”by Maria standard,with statistical significance;and compared with Maria standard,DDW-J standard was more closer to RU-CAM scoring results. CONCLUSIONS:DDW-J standard is superior to Maria standard,and close to RUCAM scoring results for DI-LI;RUCAM is still the DILI diagnostic evaluation system with high accuracy and operability.

Based on the principles of the in vitro staining technique, hypotonic swelling test, and water test, the Eosin Y-water test method was developed to simultaneously detect the integrity of the sperm head and tail and sperm membrane structure and function. As a widely used method in clinical laboratories in China, the Eosin Y-water test is methodologically characterized by three advantages. Firstly, both the sperm head and tail can be detected at the same time, which allows easy and comprehensive assessment of membrane damage in different parts of sperm. Secondly, distilled water is used instead of the usual formula solution to simplify and standardize the test by eliminating any potential effects on the water molecules through the sperm membrane due to different osmotic pressure or different sugar proportions and electrolyte solutions. Thirdly, the test takes less time and thus can be repeated before and after treatment. This article focuses on the fundamental principles and modification of the Eosin Y-water test and its application in sperm function examination and routine semen analysis for male infertility, assessment of the quality of sperm retrieved by testicular fine needle aspiration, semen cryopreservation program development, and evaluation of sperm membrane integrity after microwave radiation.
Cell Membrane ; China ; Cryopreservation ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; diagnosis ; Male ; Osmotic Pressure ; Semen Analysis ; methods ; Sperm Head ; Sperm Motility ; Sperm Tail ; Spermatozoa ; Staining and Labeling ; Water

Aim To study and compare the pharmaco-kinetic parameters of roxithromycin under normoxic and hypoxic rats. Methods A highly effective and rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry ( UPLC-MS/MS) method with posi-tive electrospray ionization source was successfully de-veloped and validated for quantification of roxithromy-cin in rat plasma. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the hypoxia and normoxic groups. Each rat obtained a single dose of roxithromycin with 10 mg · kg-1 via intragastric administration. The pharmacoki-netic parameter comparison between normoxic and hy-poxic groups was calculated by SPSS software using in-dependent sample t test method. Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of roxithromycin between the normoxic and hypoxic rats were:the AUC(0-t) 7 576 and 3 761 μg·h·L-1 , MRT(0-t) 5. 6 and 7. 7 h, T1/2 3. 4 h and 3. 9 h, CL 1. 5 and 3. 0 L · h-1 · kg-2 , tmax3. 1 and 3. 4 h, Cmax 1 116 and 372 μg·L-1 , re-spectively. The levels of Cmax and AUC of roxithromy-cin in hypoxic rats were statistically lower than those in normoxic rats. Conclusion The exposure level of rox-ithromycin in hypoxic rats markedly decreased. Our re-sults may provide an important experimental basis to adjust the dosage for roxithromycin in hypoxic clinical practice.

The recombinant plasmid pCI-TSLC1 carrying TSLC1 gene was stably transfected into human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2. Cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT assay. The ability of migration was determined by transwell and FACSort flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. Western blotting revealed that H4 expressed higher amounts of TSLC1 protein than H15 and H0 did. The growth of TSLC1-transfected cells was significantly suppressed in vitro, and the ability of migration was reduced as well. The re-expression of TSLC1 could induce cell apoptosis. It was concluded that TSLC1 strongly inhibited the growth and ability of migration of HepG2 cell line in vitro and also induced apoptosis, suggesting that TSLC1 could reduce the tumorigenicity of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 in vitro, which provided a basis for further exploring the roles of TSLC1 in hepatocellular cellular carcinoma.
Apoptosis/*genetics ; Cell Adhesion Molecules/*genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; Hep G2 Cells ; Immunoglobulins/*genetics ; Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics ; Transfection ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/*genetics

Objective To investigate the clinical indicators which can predict esophageal varices in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC).Methods A total of 351 patients with PBC from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2013 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed, including 173 patients with esophageal varices and 178 patients without varicose veins.The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transpeptadase (γ-GT), total bilirubin (TBil), albumin (Alb), prothrombin time (PT), platelet (PLT), AST to ALT ratio (AAR), fibrosis index based on the 4 fator (FIB-4), AST to PLT ratio index (APRI) and Mayo scores were compared between two groups.Group t test or rank sum test was used to compare the two groups.Relation between the indicators mentioned above and esophageal varices were tested by univariate analysis.Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression was used to screen these indicators to independently predict esophageal varices in PBC patients.Results Age, PT, TBil, AAR, FIB-4, APRI and Mayo scores of PBC patients with esophageal varices were all higher than those of patients without esophageal varices ([60.3±10.6] years old vs [51.9±10.9] years old, [13.31±3.12] s vs [11.17±2.42] s, 28.06 [18.05, 60.06] mmol/L vs 15.39 [10.64, 33.63] μmol/L, 1.69±0.91 vs 1.23±0.95, 6.18 [4.05,9.16] vs 1.80 [1.10,2.74], 1.95 [1.12,3.08] vs 0.69 [0.38,1.57], 6.45±1.52 vs4.62±1.53, respectively).Whereas ALT, γ-GT, Alb and PLT levels were all lower than those without varicose veins (36.60 [19.88, 74.28] U/L vs 59.32 [23.58, 132.70] U/L, 71.00 [38.36, 165.38] U/L vs 125.00 [37.50, 336.21] U/L, [29.78±6.33] g/L vs [39.51±25.16] g/L, [103.43±52.84]×109/L vs [234.44±90.40]×109/L, respectively).The differences were all statistically significant (t=-7.25, t=-7.18, Z=-5.823, t=-4.60, Z=-8.427, Z=-12.661, t=-11.25, Z=-3.218, Z=2.987, t=4.94, t=16.63, respectively;all P<0.01).Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that PLT<149×109/L (OR=0.966, 95% CI: 0.957-0.974), PT>11.95 s (OR=0.705, 95%CI: 0.569-0.874), TBil>17.19 μmol/L (OR=0.99, 95%CI: 0.982-0.999), FIB-4>3.02 (OR=0.868, 95% CI: 0.807-0.932) and Mayo score>4.88 (OR=6.053, 95%CI: 2.388-15.342) were independent clinical indicators for the prediction of esophageal varicose veins.Conclusions PLT, PT, TBil, FIB-4, and Mayo scores can be used as predictors of esophageal varices in patients with PBC.

Objective To compare the accuracy rate of talar osteochondral lesions between the small field of view (FOV) surface coil MR imaging and 2D FSE proton density weighted imaging (2D-FSE-PD),3D-SPACE sequences MR imaging with boot-shaped coil.Methods Totally 43 patients (45 ankles) underwent 3D-SPACE sequence after 2D-FSE-PD sequence scanning using the boot-shaped coil,then the PDWI sequence was scanning after the boot-shaped coil was replaced by the small FOV surface coil at 1.5T MRI.The results of the arthroscopic examinations was regarded as the standard for assessing the accuracy rate of the three methods.Results The accuracy rate of 2D-FSE-PD sequence with small FOV surface coil was 86.67％ (39/45),the accuracy rate of 2D-FSE-PD sequence with boot coil was 60.00％ (27/45),the accuracy rate of 3D-SPACE sequence with boot coil was 68.89％ (31/45).The accuracy rate of small FOV surface coil was higher than those of boot coil used 3D-SPACE sequence (x2 =4.114,P =0.002) and boot coil used 2D-FSE-PD sequence (x2 =8.182,P＜0.001).There was not significant difference between 3D-SPACE sequence using boot coil and 2D-FSE-PD sequence using boot coil (x2 =0.776,P=0.125).Conclusion Compared with the 2D-FSE-PD and 3D-SPACE sequences with boot-shaped coil,the small surface coil scanning with routine sequence can show talar osteochondral lesions better.

Objective To search a new,safe and effective method to obtain semen using rectal Drobe electroejaculation(RPE).Methods RPE procedures were performed in 8 men with psychological ejaculatory failure,used the electrical stimulate instrument(CGS model,made in Italy).The average age was 26 years.Seminal vesicle was normal by B Uhrasonography or CT examination.Except for 1 case of diabetes,the other 7 cases found no hormones,blood,biochemical and nervous system abnormalities.Three cases had nocturnal emission,but no sexual intercourse ejaculation.Results Adequate sperm was successfully taken out from the 8 patients.Mean seminal fluid volume was 2.3 ml,mean total sperm count was 67×106/ml and mean total motile sperm was 21.3%.Three patients felt abdominal distension during the RPE course.Conclusion RPE is a safe,reliable,non-in-vasive,repeatable method to obtain semen.

Objective To investigate the conventional ultrasound characteristics of VX2 tumors in fatty liver and normal liver of rabbits,furthermore,to analysis the blood flow characteristics of them with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).Methods Rabbit model of fatty liver and normal liver with implanted VX2 tumors were established,and examined using conventional and CEUS.QontraXt quantitative software of CEUS was used.Results The fatty liver models with 20 VX2 tumors and normal liver models with 23 VX2 tumors were successfully developed in rabbits.In conventional ultrasonography,hyperechoic VX2 tumor lesions in fatty liver were far less than them in normal liver (P =0.008).No significant difference was found in iso-echoic and hypoechoic VX2 tumor lesions between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with normal liver parenchyma,arrival time of fatty liver parenchyma was later,peak intensity was lower (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in arrival time,peak intensity,sharpness,area under curve between the VX2 tumors of normal liver and fatty liver (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions There is a significant difference characteristic in conventional ultrasonography between VX2 tumors in fatty liver and normal liver.Fatty liver blood perfusion effects are lower than normal liver in CEUS.Quantitative parameters of CEUS are more objective and accurate for hemodynamic of VX2 tumors and fatty liver.

Objective To analyze hepatic inflammatory pseudoneoplasm with fatty liver and normal liver perfusion blood characteristics and quantitative parameters using real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and time intensity curve.Methods Twenty rabbits (including ten with fatty liver and ten with normal liver) with thirty-nine inflammatory pseudoneoplasm of the liver (IPL) were studied by low mechanical index CEUS with bolus injection of SonoVue via peripheral auricular vein and QontraXt quantitative analysis software.IPL contrast-enhanced ultrasound blood perfusion characteristics with two different liver background were analyzed.Results ①According to the different pathological elements,IPL showed four kinds of CEUS types:one lesion showed absent contrast enhancement pattern (type Ⅰ),nineteen lesions showed iso-enhancement pattern (type Ⅱ),six lesions showed hypo-enhancement pattern (type Ⅲ),thirteen lesions showed fast-in and fast-out pattern (type Ⅳ).②Compared with normal liver,arrival time of fatty liver was later and its peak intensity was lower.②Compared with peripheral parenchyma,arrival time of IPL was later,peak intensity was lower and its sharpness was sharper (P ＜0.05).④Between IPL lesions with two different liver background,there was no significant difference about parameters of the time-intensity curve (P ＞0.05).Conclusions Due to different pathological elements,IPL lesions have multiform perfusion patterns in CEUS.CEUS and time intensity curve could provide enough perfusion information for IPL and liver parenchyma more accurately.

Objective To comparative analysis the rabbit VX2 tumors angiogenesis in fatty liver and normal liver,and investigate the correlation of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) parameters and their angiogenesis.Methods Rabbit models of fatty liver and normal liver with implanted VX2 tumors were established.Two groups of hepatic backgrounds and VX2 tumors were analyzed by QontraXt quantitative software of CEUS.The expression level of tumor microvascular density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected with immunohistochemical techniques and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR).Results ①No significant difference was found in MVD,VEGF protein and gene expression between VX2 tumors in normal liver and fatty liver.The expression of VEGF gene in fatty liver parenchyma were lower than normal liver parenchyma (P ＜0.05).②There was positive correlation between MVD and peak intensity (r =0.494,P ＜0.05; r =0.591,P ＜0.01) both in fatty liver and normal liver VX2 tumors.The expression of VEGF protein were not correlated with TIC parameters (all P ＞ 0.05).③The MVD had positive correlation with expression of VEGF protein in fatty liver and normal liver VX2 tumors (r =0.508,P ＜0.05; r =0.570,P ＜0.01).Conclusions The expression of MVD and VEGF had no significant difference between fatty liver and normal liver VX2 tumors.The peak intensity of VX2 tumors CEUS had positive correlation with MVD both in fatty liver and normal liver,which can indirectly reflect MVD expression level and help to evaluate tumor angiogenesis.