Objective To study the relationship between the expression of cytochrome c ( Cyt c) and programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in pancreatic cancer, and investigate the pathway of PDCD4 inducing the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. Methods Pancreatic cancer specimens from 69 patients who received pancreatic resection from 1990 to 2002 in First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University were collected. The expression of Cyt c in the 69 paraffin specimens of pancreatic cancer was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the expression of Cyt c in 8 samples of cold-preserved fresh pancreatic cancer and normal pancreatic tissues were detected by Western blot. The expression of PDCD4 and Cyt c in pancreatic cancer was analyzed by paired t test and chi-square test. Results Compared with normal pancreatic tissues, the expression of Cyt c in pancreatic cancer was significantly decreased. The positive expression rate of Cyt c in 69 samples of pancreatic cancer was 41% (28/69). The expression of Cyt c was positive in most patients with positive expression of PDCD4, and the expression of PDCD4 was negative in most patients with negative expression of Cyt c. The expression of PDCD4 and Cyt c was closely correlated with each other (χ2= 10.52, P < 0.05). Conclusions There is a close relationship between the expression of PDCD4 and Cyt c in pancreatic cancer. PDCD4 may induce the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells through mitochondrial pathway.

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether the associated diabetes mellitus exerts a certain effect on the development of radiation pneumonitis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

METHODS156 patients with non small cell lung cancer were treated with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy in this study, including 52 associated with diabetes and 104 non-diabetic patients as a control group. All the patients were followed up for one year and the development of radiation pneumonitis was observed. Radiation pneumonitis was diagnosed according to the criteria of radiation therapy oncology group. The morbidities of radiation pneumonitis in the two groups were compared. The relationships between the morbidity of radiation pneumonitis and blood sugar level as well as diabetic history were analyzed by chi-square test.

RESULTSTwenty-one (40.4%) of 52 patients with diabetes had radiation pneumonitis (grade 2 or greater), while in the control group only 22 of 104 patients (21.2%) suffered from radiation pneumonitis. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the morbidity of the radiation pneumonitis (P < 0.05), with a relative risk value of 2.05 (95% CI, 1.17, 3.58). The rate of the radiation pneumonitis in the patients with a lower blood sugar level (< 7 mmol/L) was significantly lower than that in those with a higher blood sugar level (30.6% vs. 62.5%, P < 0.05). However, the rate of radiation pneumonitis in the patients with a longer diabetic history was not significantly different from that in those with a shorter diabetic history (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONNon-small cell lung cancer patients with diabetes mellitus are more vulnerable than those without to radiation pneumonitis. Therefore, diabetes mellitus is a newly discovered risk factor to radiation pneumonitis, and the blood sugar level is positively correlated with the morbidity of radiation pneumonitis.

Adult ; Aged ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; blood ; complications ; radiotherapy ; Diabetes Mellitus ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; complications ; radiotherapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Morbidity ; Radiation Pneumonitis ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Radiotherapy, Conformal ; adverse effects ; Risk Factors

To observe the protective effect and mechanism of Sailuotong capsule in focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. The 90 min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) reperfusion model was established. The expressions of dynamin-related protein 1 ( Drp1) and optic atrophy 1 (Opa1) were tested by Western blot. The transmission electron microscope was used to observe the changes in the mitochondrial ultra-structure. The pathological morphological changes were observed through the HE staining. The immunohistochemical method was used to test Drp1 and Opa1 expressions. Sailuotong capsule (33, 16.5 mg x kg(-1), ig) can inhibit the abnormal mitochondrial fission and fusion in the cortical area on the ischemia side and the mitochondrial fission gene expression and promote the mitochondrial fusion gene Opa1 expression, so as to alleviate the energy metabolism disorder caused by ischemia/reperfusion. Sailuotong capsule can inhibit the abnormal mitochondrial dynamics in peri-ischemic regions and maintain the normal morphology of mitochondria, which may be the mechanism of Sailuotong capsule in promoting the self-recovery function in the ischemic brain region.
Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; surgery ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Dynamins ; genetics ; metabolism ; GTP Phosphohydrolases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Mitochondria ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo compare the effect of transumbilical single-site single-port with that of transumbilical single-site double-port laparoscopic varicocelectomy in the treatment of varicocele in adolescents.

METHODSWe randomly assigned 80 varicocele patients aged 10 - 16 years to two groups of equal number to receive transumbilical single-site single-port and single-site double-port laparoscopic varicocelectomy, respectively. We compared the operation time, postoperative hospital stay, incisional pain, complications and satisfaction with the abdominal cosmetic outcomes between the two groups.

RESULTSAll the operations were successfully performed. The double-port group showed a significantly higher score on the Visual Analogue Scale than the single-port group (4.8 +/- 1.4 vs 3.6 +/- 1.1, t = -4.986, P < 0.01), but there were no significant differences between the two groups in the operation time ([29.8 +/- 4.2] vs [31.2 +/- 4.6] min, t = 1.383, P = 0.171), postoperative hospital stay ([1.95 +/- 0.7] vs [1.82 +/- 0.8] d, t = -0.784, P = 0.436), complications (0 vs 0) and scores on the satisfaction with abdominal cosmetic outcomes (4.6 +/- 0.6 vs 4.8 +/- 0.5, t = 1.253, P = 0.214). No recurrence, umbilical hernia, hydrocele and orchiatrophy were found in the two groups of patients at 6 months after operation, and no visible scar was observed on the abdominal surface.

CONCLUSIONWith strict surgical indications, single-site single-port and single-site double-port laparoscopic varicocelectomies have similar clinical effects in the treatment of varicocele, which leave no scar on the abdominal surface. Single-site double-port laparoscopy needs no special instruments and therefore is worthier of wide clinical application.

Adolescent ; Child ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Operative Time ; Umbilicus ; surgery ; Varicocele ; surgery

The Qinbai Qingfei concentrated pellets by traditional Chinese medicine theoryand party and group, the rats were given the drugs group, comparison of pharmacokinetics parameters changes of baicalin , discusses the rationality of Qinbai prescription. The rats were gavaged monarch drug group (Huang Qincu extract, mainly forbaicalin), and official medicine group, adjuvant group, medicine group and Qinbai group (Quan Fangzu) the content of baicalin equal as the monarch drug group, in the 28 h collection in rat plasma at different time point, application of HPLC determination of baicalin glycosides in rat plasmaconcentration time curve, with 3P97 practical pharmacokinetics program to process the data Based on the data analysis, baicalin in rat plasma of Qinbai group Cmax is 4 times as big as monarch druggroup, AUC is 6 times as big as monarch drug group; the content of baicalin in plasma of rats the highest is Qinbai group, the minister drug group, adjuvant group, medicine group of baicalin in rat plasma content of less than the Qinbai group, but was significantly higher than that of monarch drug group; the medicine group is slightly higher than that adjuvant the content of baicalin in plasma of rats. The pharmacokinetic results show that the measured plasma concentration in rats that Qinbai can significantly increase Cmax and AUC of baicalin, other components of qinbai can promoted the baicalin absorption in vivo. It showed that the reasonable of Qinbai compound compatibility. The minister drug can promote the absorption of baicalin in vivo.
Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Flavonoids ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To investigate whether cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)expression are related to the clinicopathological features,and to microvessel density(MVD).Methods COX-2 expressions were detected in 45colorectal carcinoma samples by immunostaining.MVD was evaluated with the specific antibody CD105.Quantitationof COX-2 mRNA was performed by RT-PCR in 45 specimens of colorectal carcinoma.Results The expressions of COX-2 mRNA and protein were significant variation among lymphatic metastasis,high Dukes stages and grade of differation(P＜0.05);Increased value of MVD were significant variation among lymphatic metastasis,high Dukes stage and depth of tumor invasion(P＜0.05).Both the overexpression of COX-2 protein and mRNA was positively correlated with the value of MVD(P＜0.05).Conclusion COX-2 plays an important role in the development of colorectal carcinoma.COX-2 may up-regulate the value of MVD,which induces angiogenesis and accordingly contributes to metastasis.

Objective To analyze the diagnosis and treatment for complications of renal caliceal diverticulum with calculi or infection. Methods A retrospective investigation was performed on 29 cases with renal caliceal diverticulum. The 29 cases included 11 males and 18 females aged 18 to 61 years. Among the study group, 3 cases were simple renal caliceal diverticulum, 12 cases were diagnosed as diverticular calculi and 14 cases presented recurrent urinary tract infections including 3 cases with urinary fistula after unroofing and decompression as renal simple cyst from another hospital. Ten cases underwent an open operation that unroofed and decompressed the cyst, and sutured the diverticular neck. Eight cases underwent laparoscopic operation similar to the open operation, including lithotomy in caliceal diverticulum in 2 cases. Eleven cases diagnosed with caliceal diverticular calculi were taken one-stage percutaneous nephrolithotomy including dilating the diverticular neck, remaining the nephrostomy catheter and Double-J ureteral stents, and 1 case was transferred to open operation.Results The open and laparoscopic operations were performed successfully. One case was cured by Double-J ureteral stenting after postoperative urinary leakage. One case was transferred to open operation for the failure of percutaneous puncturation. X-ray examination revealed that there were no remaining stones after the operation. All the patients were followed up for 6 to 24 months without calculi and infection recurrence. Conclusions Stones and infection are common that complications of renal caliceal diverticulum. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, laparoscopy and other operations were effective and feasible treatment options for cases with complications of renal caliceal diverticulum. Exact diagnosis was very important for treatment of renal caliceal diverticulum before operation.

Objective To discuss the clinical features of bilateral multiple renal angiomyolipomas (RAML) with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).Methods Clinical data of 10 cases of bilateral multiple RAML associated with TSC treated from Jan.2003 to Dec.2010 were retrospectively reviewed.There were 4 males and 6 females in the study group,aged from 18 to 45 years,with an average age of 34 years.Three cases were treated urgently due to RAML hemorrhage.Five cases were treated due to back pain.One case was treated for hematuria.One case was diagnosed during physical examination.Facial angiofibroma occurred in 7 cases and facial flat speckle in 1 case.Epilepsy was indentified in 6 cases.Four cases had hypophrenia and 2 cases presented with symptoms of the classic triad:epilepsy,facial angiofibroma and hypophrenia.One case underwent urgent selective transcatheter arterial embolization (SEA).Eight cases (9 sides) underwent renal sparing operation.Conservative therapy was adopted in 2 cases.ResultsThe SEA was done successfully and bleeding ceased.AⅡ surgeries were completed successfully.The diameter of the biggest tumor resected was 8.0 cm.The number of tumors resected was 2 - 6,with an average of 3.5.The mean operative time was 70 min (range 50 to 120 min).The mean time of controlling the renal artery was 26 min.The mean intraoperative hemorrhage was 150 ml.One case required a blood transfusion.None of the cases re-hemorrhaged after operation.Pathology revealed RAML.There was no recurrence in 8 cases and follow-up ranged from 3 to 60 months,with an average of 25 months.A hemorrhage did occur on the oppositer side in 1 case 4 months after surgery.In 2 cases,a conservative therapy of regular monitoring and follow-up at 24 and 36 months was chosen.The serum creatinine of all the patients was in a normal range.Conclusions The bilateral multiple RAML associated with TSC must be diagnosed as soon as possible and treated depending on the size,location and developing circumstance of the tumor in a timely fashion.Renal sparing surgery and SEA are effective therapies.

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the emergency response and long-term intervention effects after the detection of infectious snails epidemic by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays in Hannan District, Wuhan City, and to explore the application of LAMP in early surveillance and early-warning of schistosomiasis transmission. Methods Snails picked up by the risk monitoring system in Hannan District were examined by anatomical microscopy and LAMP technology to identify the schistosomiasis infection. Emergency response and intensive intervention were initiated in the environment where positive snails appeared, and the long-term effects were evaluated. Results In May 2018, the infectious snails were detected by LAMP technology in Hannan District, and the positive snails were located in Zhujiacha, Dongzhuang Village, Obstacles and weeds were removed and buried by machine in Zhujiacha. 12 700 m2 of snails were killed by drugs, and the mortality rate of snails was more than 80%; no new seropositive persons were found in the emergency examination within 500 m of the positive snail sites. 506 people were examined in Dong Zhuang Village at the end of the year, and 30 positive IHA cases were detected with a blood positive rate of 5.93%, no positive fecal test was found, and all positive blood test patients took preventive medication. The monitoring results of sentinel rats and wild feces were all negative. Health education was carried out, 7 warning signs were deployed and refreshed, and 500 publicity brochures were distributed. After nearly three years of intensified intervention and monitoring in the villages where the positive environment is located, and the density of snails on the stubborn snail has dropped from 0.094/frame to 0.027/frame, and the positive rate of blood test in Dongzhuang Village has steadily dropped from 5.93% to 3.74%. Conclusions The infected snails missed by microscopy were detected by LAMP in Hannan District, which created conditions for the rapid emergency treatment of environment and elimination of positive snail and improved the sensitivity of the surveillance and early warning system in transmission-interrupted areas.

BACKGROUNDPrevention is presently the only available method to limit radiation-induced lung morbidity. A good predictor is the key point of prevention. This study aimed to investigate if [(18)F]2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) uptake changes in the lung after radiotherapy could be used as a new predictor for acute radiation pneumonitis (RP).

METHODSForty-one patients with lung cancer underwent FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) imaging before and after radiotherapy. The mean standardized uptake value (SUV) was measured for the isodose regions of 0 - 9 Gy, 10 - 19 Gy, 20 - 29 Gy, 30 - 39 Gy, 40 - 49 Gy. The mean SUV of these regions after radiotherapy was compared with baseline. The mean SUV in patients who developed RP was also compared with that in those who did not. The statistical difference was determined by matched pair t test. The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) criteria were used for diagnosis and grading of RP.

RESULTSWith a median follow-up of 12 months, 11 (26.8%) of the 41 patients developed grade 2 and above acute RP. The mean SUV of regions (10 - 19 Gy, 20 - 29 Gy, 30 - 39 Gy, 40 - 49 Gy) increased after radiation therapy in all 41 patients. The mean SUVs after radiation therapy were 0.54, 0.68, 1.31, 1.74 and 2.27 for 0 - 9 Gy, 10 - 19 Gy, 20 - 29 Gy, 30 - 39 Gy and 40 - 49 Gy, respectively. Before the radiation therapy, the mean SUV in each region was 0.53, 0.52, 0.52, 0.53 and 0.54, respectively. These patients had significantly higher FDG activities in regions receiving 10 Gy or more (P < 0.001). Compared with their counterparts, the elevation of SUV was significantly greater in those patients who developed acute RP subsequently.

CONCLUSIONThe mean SUV of the lung tissue may be a useful predictor for the acute RP. FDG-PET/CT may play a new role in the study of the radiation damage of the lung.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods ; Radiation Pneumonitis ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods