Objective: To study the prevalence and pathogenesis of TT virus (TTV) in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Serum TTV DNA was tested in 69 hemodialysis patients from our hospital by nested-PCR using primers from a conservative region of TTV genenome, genetic analysis and detection of hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) and the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were also carried out simultaneously. Results: The overall prevalence of TTV viremia was 27.5%. The PCR-amplified gene fragment from one patient was sequenced, and its gene sequence homologies with GH1,TA278, TTVCHN1 and TTVCHN2 ranged from 89% to 100%, its deduced amino acid sequence ranged from 87% to 100%. There was no significant difference of TTV prevalence between anti-HCV positive and negative patients. No significant elevation of ALT was found in all patients. Conclusion: High prevalence of TTV infection is found among hemodialysis patients, and TTV infection has no significant association with HCV infection or elevation of ALT.

Objective: To study the prevalence and pathogenesis of TT virus (TTV) in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Serum TTV DNA was tested in 69 hemodialysis patients from our hospital by nested-PCR using primers from a conservative region of TTV genenome, genetic analysis and detection of hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV) and the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were also carried out simultaneously. Results: The overall prevalence of TTV viremia was 27.5%. The PCR-amplified gene fragment from one patient was sequenced, and its gene sequence homologies with GH1,TA278, TTVCHN1 and TTVCHN2 ranged from 89% to 100%, its deduced amino acid sequence ranged from 87% to 100%. There was no significant difference of TTV prevalence between anti-HCV positive and negative patients. No significant elevation of ALT was found in all patients. Conclusion: High prevalence of TTV infection is found among hemodialysis patients, and TTV infection has no significant association with HCV infection or elevation of ALT.

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism of sensitivity variation to cisplatin caused by nm23-H1.

METHODSThe samles was divided into two groups: Tca8113 group and Tca8113/nm23-H1 group. Using MTT and flow cytometer, the changes of cell mortality rate, apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected. By VG PQ Excell, the changes of the intracellular platinum were detected.

RESULTSIn vitro the cell mortality rate and apoptosis were increased in Tca8113/nm23-H1 group, comparing with Tea8113 group. Mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased in Tca8113/nm23-H1 group. The intracellular platinum was increased significantly in Tca8113/nm23-H1 group. This effect could be inhibited by oubain which was an inhibitor of Na+/K+-ATP.

CONCLUSIONnm23-H1 can increase the sensitivity of cisplatin on Tca8113 cell line. The mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased by nm23-H1 so that intracellular platinum was increased and finally increased the apoptosis or necrosis.

Apoptosis ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cisplatin ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo study the activating effect of protein transduction domain (PTD) mediated BCR/ABL protein on T cells from CML patients.

METHODSThe plasmid containing PTD and b3a2 bcr/abl of CML was constructed by genetic engineering and expressed in E. coli. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CML patients were stimulated in vitro with purified PTD-BCR/ABL protein and the expression of the early activation antigen CD(69) on CD(8)(+) and CD(4)(+) T cells was detected by flow cytometry (FCM).

RESULTSThe optimal concentration of PTD-BCR/ABL protein for activating CD(8)(+) T cells in vitro was 100 micro g/ml, CD(69) expression peaked in three days stimulation. CD(8)(+) T cells were activated in 10 of 15 CML patients, the expression rate of CD(69) was (15.01 +/- 3.75)%. CD(4)(+) T cells were activated in 4 of 15 patients, the expression rate of CD(69) was (10.32 +/- 3.08)%. Both CD(8)(+) and CD(4)(+) T cells were activated simultaneously in 3 of them. However, neither CD(4)(+) nor CD(8)(+) T cells was activated by stimulation with BCR/ABL protein in all 15 specimens, the expression rate of CD(69) on CD(8)(+) and CD(4)(+) T cells was (1.36 +/- 0.31)% and (1.41 +/- 0.43)%, respectively. There was no difference compared with that of PBS control group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBy using a PTD-mediated antigen delivering system, exogenous BCR/ABL protein can be delivered into APC, processed and presented onto surface of APC to activate Ag-specific CD(8)(+) and CD(4)(+) T cells in vitro.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Antigens, CD ; analysis ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte ; analysis ; CD4 Antigens ; analysis ; CD8 Antigens ; analysis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Products, tat ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lectins, C-Type ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; immunology ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo study the application of degrading multi-enzymes from Ganoderma lucidum in extracting effective constituents from fibrous roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza.

METHODEffective constituents were extracted from fibrous roots by degrading multi-enzymes of wood fiber. The enzymatic parameters were optimized by the orthogonal design.

RESULTThe extraction efficiencies of total tanshinones and total salvianolic acids in the extracts of fibrous roots of S. miltiorrhiza was obtained using optimum enzymolysis process reached 11.923%, 12.465%, respectively, which were 62.794%, 56.086% more than that by conventional non-enzymatic hydrolysis.

CONCLUSIONDegrading multi-enzymes of wood fiber can be used to fully extract effective constituents from fibrous roots of S. miltiorrhiza, which provides a new approach for recycling wastes of traditional Chinese medicines.

Alkenes ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Polyphenols ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Reishi ; enzymology ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; Temperature ; Wood ; enzymology

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of CEP plus G-CSF and CVP plus G-CSF regimens in the mobilization and collection of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells (PBHSC), and in the hematopoietic recovery. 57 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) underwent autologous PBHSC transplantation were analyzed retrospectively. The PBHSC were mobilized and collected by using CEP plus G-CSF and CVP plus G-CSF respectively, and were retransfused into these NHL patients after preconditioning, then the mobilization efficacy, adverse reactions and hematopoietic recovery were analyzed. The results showed that the WBC count decreased to ≤ 1.0 × 10(9)/L, platelet amount dropped to ≤ 40 × 10(9)/L during peripheral blood stem cell mobilization of all patients, which indicated successful collection of PBHSC. The mean value of (4.38 ± 3.40) × 10(8)/kg mononuclear cells (MNC) containing (2.79 ± 2.53) × 10(6)/kg CD34(+) cells were collected in CEP plus G-CSF group, while the mean value of (3.31 ± 1.23) × 10(8)/kg MNC containing (2.02 ± 0.87) × 10(6)/kg CD34(+) cells were collected in CVP plus G-CSF group. The efficacy of mobilization in CEP plus G-CSF group was significantly higher than that in CVP plus G-CSF group (p < 0.05). After preconditioning, bone marrow was suppressed in all patients. The average time of WBC count recovery to ≥ 1.0 × 10(9)/L was 11.4 days in CEP plus G-CSF group and 12.3 days in CVP plus G-CSF group; the average time of platelet amount recovery to ≥ 50 × 10(9)/L was 18.6 days in CEP plus G-CSF group and 19.3 days in CVP plus G-CSF group. The statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the average time of hematopoietic recovery between 2 groups. It is concluded that autologous PBHSC transplantation shows significant effect for treatment of patients with NHL. Either modified CEP or CVP plus G-CSF regimen is safe and effective in PBHSC mobilization. The CEP plus G-CSF regimen is better than CVP plus G-CSF regimen.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; methods ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in peripheral blood of children with hand, foot and mouth disease and its significance.

METHODSAccording to the condition of the disease, 86 children with hand, foot and mouth disease were classified into phase 1 group (19 children) and phase 2 group (67 children). ELISA was used to measure the concentrations of plasma VIP, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in peripheral blood. Flow cytometry was used to measure CD3, CD4, and CD8T lymphocyte subsets. RT-PCR was used for qualitative detection of enterovirus 71 (EV71) RNA in stool.

RESULTSCompared with the phase 1 group, the phase 2 group had a significantly higher positive rate of EV71-RNA (P<0.05) and significantly higher serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, and C3 (P<0.05). The phase 2 group had significantly lower proportions of peripheral CD3, CD4, and CD8T lymphocyte subsets than the phase 1 group (P<0.05), as well as significantly lower proportion of peripheral B cells and CD4/CD8ratio than the phase 1 group (P<0.05). The phase 2 group also had a significantly lower concentration of VIP in peripheral blood than the phase 1 group (P<0.05). In the 86 children with hand, foot and mouth disease, the concentration of VIP in peripheral blood was positively correlated with the proportion of CD4T lymphocyte subset and CD4/CD8ratio (r=0.533 and 0.532 respectively; P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSVIP may be an important marker of the severity of hand, foot and mouth disease.

Biomarkers ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; immunology ; Humans ; Infant ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Male ; Severity of Illness Index ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ; blood

Objective: To explore outcomes in adult with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) received IA10 (10 mg/m(2) d1-3 idarubicin plus cytarabine 100 mg/m(2) d1-7) regimen as induction chemotherapy. Methods: From January 2008 to February 2016, data of consecutive newly-diagnosed AML (non-M(3)) adults treated with IA10 who achieved morphologic leukemia-free state (MLFS) but not accepted allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) were assessed retrospectively. Results: A total of 198 patients were included in this study with 96 (48.5%) male and a median age of 42 years old (range, 18-62 years old). Using the SWOG cytogenetic classification, 45 (22.7%), 104 (52.5%), 24 (12.1%) and 25 (12.6%) patients belonged to favorable, intermediate, unfavorable and unknown categories, respectively. 6 (3.0%) patients had monosomal karyotype, and 28 (14.1%) positive FLT3-ITD mutation. A complete remission (CR, defined as MLFS with ANC ≥ 1×10(9)/L and PLT ≥ 100×10(9)/L) achieved in 168 (84.8%) patients, a CRp (defined as MLFS with incomplete PLT recovery) in 16 (8.1%) and a CRi (defined as MLFS with incomplete ANC and PLT recovery) in 14 (7.1%). With a median follow-up period of 15 months (range, 1 to 70 months) in survivors, the probabilities of cumulative incident of relapse (CIR), disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates at 2-year were 45.2%, 46.9% and 62.9%, respectively; the median durations of relapse, DFS and OS were 34, 20 and 37 months respectively. At the time of achieving first MLFS, multivariate analyses showed that positive FLT3-ITD mutation and CRi were common adverse factors affecting CIR, DFS and OS; unfavorable-risk of SWOG criteria was an adverse factor affecting CIR and DFS; monosomal karyotype was associated with shorter OS. After first consolidation therapy, FLT3-ITD mutation positive and unfavorable-risk of SWOG criteria had negatively impact on CIR, DFS and OS; peripheral blasts ≥ 0.50 and positive MRD (defined as RQ-PCR WT1 mRNA ≥ 0.6% or any level of abnormal blast population detected by flow cytometry) after first consolidation therapy were common adverse factors affecting CIR and DFS; CRi was an adverse factor affecting DFS and OS. Conclusions: In adult with de novo AML received IA10 regimen as induction regimen, unfavorable molecular markers or cytogenetics at diagnosis and CRi independently predicted poor outcome. In addition, a higher percentage of peripheral blasts, monosomal karyotype and positive MRD after first consolidation therapy had negatively impact on outcomes.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Cytarabine/administration & dosage* ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Humans ; Idarubicin/administration & dosage* ; Induction Chemotherapy ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Remission Induction ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of periodontal non-surgical treatment on serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression and carotid vascular wall in a rat model of chronic periodontitis (CP) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: Twenty-eight 6-week-old SD rats were randomly divided into group A (control group, 7 rats) and group B (T2DM+CP group, 21 rats). According to different intervention measures, group B was randomly subdivided into B1 (natural process), B2 (periodontal mechanical treatment), and B3 (periodontal mechanical treatment + 2% minocycline hydrochloride + systemic metronidazole plus amoxicillin). Serum IL-6 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and carotid tissue was observed under light microscopy after hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. RESULTS: The carotid artery wall of group A was normal. In group B1, the endothelial cells disappeared, the elastic fibers of the middle membrane were disordered, the local necrosis of smooth muscle tissue was amorphous particles, a small amount of calcium salt was deposited, and the wall thickening was obvious. The endothelial cells in groups B2 and B3 disappeared, and the smooth muscle cells in the middle membrane underwent denaturation. No significant thickening of the vessel wall was noted. The serum IL-6 level in group B1 continually increased with time, and it was higher than that in group A (P<0.001). The IL-6 levels of groups B2 and B3 peaked a week after the first intervention. Subsequently, IL-6 levels gradually decreased. At the last point (five weeks after the second intervention ), the IL-6 levels of groups B2 and B3 were significantly lower than that of group B1 (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS For rats with periodontitis and diabetes, periodontal mechanical treatment may elevate serum IL-6 levels in the short term but might reduce the whole inflammatory state in the long term. Thus, this treatment might be valuable to the improvement of vascular disease. The adjunctive benefits of systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin in non-surgical periodontal therapy are decreased serum IL-6 expression and normal carotid artery.
Animals ; Carotid Arteries ; Chronic Periodontitis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Endothelial Cells ; Interleukin-6 ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

AIMTo establish bone mineral density (BMD) reference database in healthy Chinese men of Han ethnicity, and to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis in the population.

METHODSThe BMD in the lumbar spine 1-4 (L1-4) and proximal femur was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in a total of 1 385 healthy Chinese men of Han ethnicity aged 20-89 years old in Shanghai.

RESULTSThe highly significant negative correlation between age and BMD at any sites of proximal femur was found in the studied population, wheras no correlation between age and BMD at lumbar spine was observed. The peak BMD of the lumbar spine and any sites of hip in Chinese men was defined as the mean BMD for the subjects aged 20-89 years. According to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, the BMD cut-off values for osteoporosis of the L1-4, total hip, femoral neck, trochanter and intertrochanter in Chinese men are 0.719, 0.638, 0.575, 0.437 and 0.725 g/cm(2), respectively. Using the current Chinese reference data, the prevalence of osteoporosis at the L1-4, total hip, femoral neck, trochanter and intertrochanter is 5.4%, 3.8%, 6.3%, 1.8% and 2.8% in 1 084 men aged 50 years or older, respectively. However, using a database for US non-Hispanic white men (NHANES III), the prevalence of osteoporosis or osteopenia at any sites of the hip was significantly higher than that while using the current Chinese reference data.

CONCLUSIONThe BMD reference database was established in healthy Chinese men of Han ethnicity, and will facilitate more accurate diagnosis of osteoporosis in Chinese men.

Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density ; China ; epidemiology ; Femur ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Reference Values ; Spine ; diagnostic imaging