AIM:To observe the preliminary efficacy of conbercept injected intravitreally for the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration(wAMD).METHODS:Seventeen wAMD patients (18 eyes) were selected to receive conbercept injection.All patients were given a single conbercept injection every month,3 times.Before and after 1,2,3mo of the injection,the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),intraocular pressure (IOP,measured by Non-contact tonometer),fundus photography,fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA),indocyanine green angiography(ICG),optical coherence tomography(OCT) examination and the complications incidence were compared.RESULTS:Three months after conbercept injection,the BCVA improved in 15 eyes (83%),stable in 3 eyes (17%).Before treatment,the average central macular thickness was 421.72±54.43μm,at 1 and 2 and 3mo after treatment,the average central macular thickness was 337.89±25.88μm,293.56±26.87μm,266.89±19.10μm respectively.There were significant differences compared with before and after injection(P<0.05).In the final follow up,FFA and ICG showed that the leakage in macular area disappeared in 15 eyes (83%),still existed in 3 eyes (17%),in those 3 eyes the injection was given for one or two times till the leakage disappeared.Elevated intraocular pressure occurred in 2 cases (26mmHg,23mmHg),after 1d down to normal.Another patient showed postoperative envy,given left ofloxacin eye drops after 2d,then back to normal.There was no serious ocular adverse reactions.CONCLUSION:Intravitreal injection conbercept for wAMD can significantly improve the visual function,reduce the macular edema and the leakage with higher safety and less complications.However the prolonged efficacy needs further observation.

Objective To improve clinicians'understanding of nephrotic syndrome and myasthenia gravis as adverse events of penicillamine(D-PA).Methods Two patients were reported to develope adverse reaction after taking D-PA.The related literature were reviewed.Result The first case was a systemic sclero- sis(SSc)patient treated with D-PA who developed nephrotic syndrome and blepharoptosis.The second case was a rheumatoid arthritis patient treated with D-PA who developed dysphagia and drinking bucking.The clinical symptoms were improved after disconting D-PA.Their conditions were stable up to now.Conclusion D-PA is used widely for various of autoimmune diseases.Clinicians should pay attention to these special and rare adverse effects.

Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Child, Preschool ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; genetics ; Ring Chromosomes ; Wilms Tumor ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between the Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome types of the Uighur and Han people and levels of blood lipids and fibrinogen in premature coronary heart disease (PCHD) patients.

METHODSRecruited were 196 Uighur and 189 Han patients with PCHD first confirmed by coronary angiography at the Heart Center of First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University. Another 60 healthy volunteers were recruited as the healthy control group. CM syndromes were typed by physicians or those having higher professional titles at the cardiac internal medicine. The contents of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were detected using oxidase method. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level was detected using chemical modification enzymic method. The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level was detected using selective dissolution. The fibrinogen (FIB) level was detected using Clauss congeal principle.

RESULTSThe CM syndrome types of Uighurs were sequenced as filthy turbidity and phlegm obstruction syndrome (82 cases, 21.3%) > qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome (61 cases, 15.84%) >cold accumulation in Xin meridian syndrome (39 cases, 10.13%) >Xin-Shen yin deficiency syndrome (14 cases, 3. 63%). The CM syndrome types of the Han nationality were sequenced as qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome (69 cases, 17.92%) >filthy turbidity and phlegm obstruction syndrome (67 cases, 17.40%) > cold accumulation in Xin meridian syndrome (42 cases, 10.91%) > Xin-Shen yin deficiency syndrome (11 cases, 2.86%). There was no statistical difference in the syndrome type distribution between the two groups (P >0.05). Compared with the healthy control group, the levels of TG, LDL-C, and FIB increased, and the HDL-C level decreased in patients of filthy turbidity and phlegm obstruction syndrome and qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome of the patient group. The HDL-C level decreased in the Uighur patients of Xin-Shen yin deficiency syndrome, showing statistical difference (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the Han people of the same syndrome type, the TG level increased and the HDL-C level decreased in the Uighur patients of filthy turbidity and phlegm obstruction syndrome. The FIB level increased in the Uighur patients of qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome with statistical difference (P<0.05). In the Uighur patients, filthy turbidity and phlegm obstruction syndrome was positively correlated with TG (r=0.469) and FIB (r=0.464), and negatively correlated with HDL-C (r=-0.382). Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was positively correlated with FIB (r=0.72) with statistical difference (P<0.01, P<0.05). In the Han patients, filthy turbidity and phlegm obstruction syndrome was positively correlated with TG (r=0.445) and FIB (r=0.372), and negatively correlated with HDL-C (r=-0.37). Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was positively correlated with TG (r=0.471) and FIB (r=0.459) with statistical difference (P<0.01, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCM syndrome types were correlated with TG, HDL-C, and FIB in PCHD Han and Uighur patients.

Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Case-Control Studies ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Coronary Disease ; blood ; diagnosis ; ethnology ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Triglycerides ; blood

Objective:To establish a method for the determination of sodion in cefalotin sodium by ion chromatography and investi-gate the salt-forming rate of the products. Methods: A TSKgelSuper IC-CR cation exchange column (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 3. 0 μm) was used. The mobile phase was the mixture of 2. 2 mmol·L-1 methanesulfonic acid and 1 mmol·L-1 18-crown-6-ether with the flow rate of 0. 8 ml·min-1 . The column temperature was 40℃ and the injection volume was 20μl. The detector was an electric conductiv-ity detector. Results:The linear correlation of sodion was good within the range of 3. 0-60. 0μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9). The average re-covery was 99. 8%(RSD=0. 8%, n=9). The mole number ratio of sodion to cefalotin was within the range of 0. 97-1. 03. Conclu-sion:The method is specific, precise and accurate, and can be used in the determination of sodion in cefalotin sodium. The salt-form-ing rate of the 8 batches of samples is promising.

Objective:To establish an HPLC coupled with post column derivatization method for the determination of gentamicin C components and the related substances based on the latest European Pharmacopeia and compare with the electrochemical method. Methods:A Hydrophilic C18(250 mm ×4.6 mm, 5 μm)column was used with acetonitrile-50 mmol·L-1 sodium hydroxide solution ( pH 2. 6) containing 0. 7% trifluoroacetic acid and 0. 025% pentafluoropropanoic acid (1. 5∶98. 5) as the mobile phase. The temper-ature of post-column reaction was set at 30℃, and the samples were detected by a fluorescence detector withλex of 340nm andλem of 430nm. A pulsed amperometric detector (PAD) was applied in the electrochemical method with golden working electrode in a four-po-tential working mode. Results: According to the results of the two detection methods, the linear range of C1a , C2 , C2a and C1 was 5.82-233.00,6.92-277.00,4.00-160.00and6.23-249.00 μg·ml-1(r >0.9993) , respectively. The limit of detection and quantization were 0. 92-3. 28ng and 1. 37-5. 19ng, respectively. Conclusion:There is no significant difference between the determina-tion results of the two methods.

Professional assessment in Chinese Higher Education has made great progress in three stages: the sporadic practice, trial and promotion. The authors present several comments on the characteristics and the professional assessment standards of clinical pharmacy in China, and focus on the scientific system of professional assessment.

Background Recently,whether the epithelial flaps should be removed or preserved during the Epi-LASIK and its affection on clinical results are concerned.Objecfive This system analysis was to evaluate and compare the clinical effectiveness between on-flap Epi-LASIK and off-flap epi-LASIK for myopia. Methods A systematic literature retfieval was conducted in the MEDLINE,EMBase,Coehrane Library,CBM disc,CNKI from 2003 through 2009.The possible differences in reepithelization time,pain sensation,and haze after surgery were compared between on-flap and off-flap Epi-LASIK for myopia.The statistical analysis was performed using a RevMan 4.2 software.The data was extracted,and the methodological quality was evaluated by two reviewers independently with weighted mean difierence(WMD)for the effectiveness analysis and odds ratio(OR)for counting variable.The quality of included literature was scored according to the Jadad Scale. Results A total of 8 studies involving 251 patients(502 eyes)were included in the meta-analysis.Of these eight studies.five studies were randomized clinical trials and the other three studies were retrospective cohort studies.Compared with on-flap Epi-LASIK group,off-flap Epi-LASIK group had a better postoperative outcome in the mean reepithelization time(WMD=1.32,95％CI-1.82to-0.82,P<0.01)and pain scores at 3,5 day(WMD=-O.99,95％CI-1.71 to-0.28,P(0.01)(WMD=-0.94.95％CI-1.35 to-0.54,P<0.01)after surgery.No significant difierenees were found in the eye numbers of haze at 1 month(OR=0.62,95％C1 0.34 to 1.12,P=0.11),3 months(OR=0.70,95％C1 0.31 to 1.55,P=0.38)and 6 months(OR=1.14,95％C1 0.58 to 2.26,P=0.71)between these two types of operation.The pain scores at the first day after surgery was not significantly different between these two groups(WMD=-0.17,95％CI -0.55 to 0.20,P=0.37). Conclusion The effectiveness of off-flap Epi-LASIK is superior to on-flap Epi-LASIK for myopia.Some high-quality randomlizd and control studies are needed for the further clinical evaluation.

Background Nowadays,customized ablation is widely used in the excimer laser corneal refractive Burgery.And the Q-value guide LASIK is one of the research hotspots. Objective Present study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of Q-value guide LASIK and standardized LASIK for myopia.Methods A systematic literature retrieval from 2003 through 2010 was conducted in the MEDLINE,CNKI,Cochrane Library,EMBASE.The literature examine possible difierences in uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),Q-value,higher order aberrations(HOAs),and spherical equivalent(SE) between Q-value guide LASIK and standardized LASIK for correcting myopia.Statistical analysis was performed using a Review Manager 5.0 software.The data was extracted,and the methodological quality was evaluated by two reviewers independently.The quality of included literature was scored according to the Jadad Scale. Results A total of 14 studies involving 1617 patients(2956 eyes)was included in the meta-analysis.Of these fourteen studies,six studies were randomized trials and the other eight studies were retrospective cohort studies.According to the Jadad Scale,2 studies scored 3 points,and the other 12 studies scored 1～2 points.The results showed that the Q-value guide LASIK group had a better postoperative effectiveness in uncorrective visual acuity(UCVA)(WMD=0.04.95% CI 0.00 to 0.08,P<0.05).Q-value(SMD=-1.52,95% CI -2.23 to-0.81,P=0.00),total HOAs (SMD=-1.63,95% CI-2.57 to-0.69,P<0.05) and spherical-like aberrations ( SMD =-1.49,95% CI-2.22 to-0. 76,P<0. 00) after surgery. However, the number of eyes achieved UCVA≥20/20 ( OR= 1.16,95% CI 0. 61 to 2. 19,P=0. 65) ,coma-like aberrations (SMD=-1. 02,95% CI-0. 36to 0.11,P=0.29) and SE (WMD=0.10,95% CI-0.11 to 0.31,P=0.34) after surgery were comparable.Conclusion The effectiveness of Q-value guide LASIK is superior to standardized LASIK for treatment of myopia.High-quality clinical randomized-controlled study should be performed to further evaluate the comparable outcome of Q-value guide LASIK with standard LASIK.