Objective To observe clinical symptoms and the length of hospital stay of patients with bronchiolitis under different treatment,and the curative effect of inhalation of hypertonic saline combined with epinephrine in the treatment of bronchiolitis.Methods A total of 158 patients with bronchiolitis under 2 years old between August 2012 and May 2013 in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were enrolled.According to the admission dyspnea score (respiratory distress assessment instrument,RDAI),all cases were divided into two major groups,moderate group and severe group.Two major groups were randomly divided into three groups (treatment group 1,2,3)according to the different treatments respectively.Patients in the treatment group 1 were inhaled pulmicort combined with combivent,treatment group 2 were inhaled hypertonic saline,and treatment group 3 were inhaled hypertonic saline combined with epinephrine.The symptoms and signs disappeared days,respiratory assessment change score,length of hospital stay and the curative effect in every group were observed before and after the treatment.Results In the moderate group,there were no significant differences in the length of time of cough,wheeze,lung rales disappears as well as the average length of hospital stay between before and after treatment in three treatment groups respectively (P ＞0.05,respectively).In the severe group,there were significant differences in the respiratory assessment change score and length of hospital stay of treatment group 2 and treatment group 3 than that of treatment group 1 respectively(P ＜ 0.05,respectively).There were no significant differences in the length of hospital stay and length of time of cough,wheeze,lung rales disappears between treatment group 2 and treatment group 3 respectively(P ＞ 0.05,respectively).Conclusion There were no significant differences in the curative effect between each treatment group for the moderate bronchiolitis patients.For the severe bronchiolitis patients,hypertonic saline combined with epinephrine inhalation had better curative effect,less adverse reactions.

BACKGROUND:It is difficult to make an exact conclusion about the correlation between atherosclerosis and hemodynamic wal shear stress because of the complexity of the hemodynamic environment in the field of atherosclerosis research.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the relationship between characteristics of mural coronary artery hemodynamics parameters and atherosclerosis through myocardial bridge-coronary artery analog device.
METHODS:Myocardial bridge-coronary artery analog device was used to simulate experiments in vitro. In the condition of keeping any related parameters unchanged, such as system temperature, the average flow rate and heart rate, we observed and recorded the changes of proximal and distal mean value and oscil atory value of shear stress of mural coronary artery by regulating the oppression level of myocardial bridge to mural coronary artery.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under 0%oppression, there was no significant difference in distal and proximal mean value and oscil atory value of shear stress of mural coronary artery. Under 50%oppression, the proximal oscil atory value of shear stress was significantly larger than that in the distal end. Under 80%oppression, mean shear stress in the distal end was larger than that in the proximal end. Oscil atory value of shear stress in the proximal end was larger than that in the distal end. With increased oppression, the mean shear stress in the distal end was higher than that in the proximal end, but oscil atory value in the proximal end was higher than that in the distal end. These results indicated that the increase of the oscil atory value of the proximal shear stress of mural coronary artery is an important factor for the occurrence of atherosclerosis.

Objective To detect the characteristics of NE patients with GERD.Methods All the 36 NE patients were divided into two groups:GERD group(11 patients)and non-GERD group(25 patients).Their clinical features and manometric findings were compaired.Results There were significant differences between the two groups in the parameters of 24 h pH monitoring and LES relaxation rate(P0.05).The difference of DeMeester score had statistical significance.Conclusion To properly diagnose the NE patients with reflux,we should consider not only clinical characteristics but also the result of 24 h pH monitoring and esophageal manometry.

Animals ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; metabolism ; Connexin 43 ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypericum ; Male ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiration Disorders ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Yawning ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the value of transthoracic echocardiography(TTE) and 64-slice spiral computed tomography(CT) in the diagnosis of complex congenital heart disease(CHD). Methods Ninety-seven patients diagnosed as CHD by TTE underwent 64-slice spiral CT for cardiovascular examination. The results were compared with the results by cardiovascular angiography and from surgery. Results The total diagnosis accordance rated by TEE was 90. 2% and that by spiral CT was 92.5%. There was no difference in diagnosis accuracy rate between TTE and spiral CT. The diagnosis accuracy rate in intracardiae defomities by TTE was 99.2 %, higher than 87.50% by spiral CT. However, the diagnosis accuracy rate in extracardiac defomities and ventricular-arterial connections was 99. 0% by spiral CT, higher than 78. 6% by TTE. The combination of TTE and spiral CT can raise the diagnosis accuracy rate to 99. 1%. Conclusions TTE is of significant value in complex CHD diagnosis,especially in the diagnosis of intracardiac defomities. The combination of TTE and spiral CT can raise the diagnosis accuracy rate of various kinds of complex CHD.

Objective To investigate neuroprotective function of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist, rosiglitazone against reperfusion injury after focal cerebral ischemia in mice model.Methods To establish cerebral isebemia-reperfusion injury mice model, adult male mice underwent 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 22 hours reperfusion (MCAO/R). One hour before MCAO/R, mice were treated with either vehicle (MCAO/R group) or rosiglitazone (6 mg/kg, rosiglitazone group). 2,3,5-triphenyhetrazolium chloride (TIC) staining was applied to determine the volume of cerebralinfarction.TheneurologicaldeficitwasscoredatZeaLonga 5-pointscale. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was measured in brain tissue as an index of neutrophil accumulation. RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot were performed to examine the mRNA and protein expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (ICAM-1, IL-1β and COX-2).Results (1) The volume of cerebral infarction in rosiglitazone group was significantly decreased from that of MCAO/R group ( 29. 1 ± 6. 6 vs 57.8 ± 9. 7 ,t = 5. 980, P < 0. 01 ), and rosiglitazone markedly improved neurological function in treated mice than MCAO/R mice(1.2 +0.4 vs 3.3 ±0.8, t =5.812, P<0.01). (2) Compared with MCAO/R group, MPO activity in the rosiglitazone-treated group was significantly lower ((0. 049 + 0. 005 ) U/g vs (0. 083 ±0. 008) U/g,t =5. 904, P <0. 01 ). (3) The mRNA and protein expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (ICAM-1, IL-1β and COX-2) in rosiglitazone group were also significantly decreased from those in MCAO/R group, as demonstrated by RT-PCR (0.313 ±0.024, 0.205 ±0.007, 0.359 ±0.060, t = 7.464, 19.656, 29.319, P <0.01, respectively) and Western blot (0.274±0.014, 0.205±0.025, 0. 146±0.015, t=79.909, 21.392, 95. 105, P<0.01, respectively). ConclusionThe present study suggests that PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone, has neureprotective properties to cerebral ischemia-reperfusian injury and that the protection is partially mediated via anti-inflarmmatory actions.

Objective To evaluate results of double eyelid operations with different incisions.Methods 100 patientswere selected randomly from out-patients that accepted double eyelid operation.Half of them were objected to double eyelid operation through a palpebral marginal incision.Incision was designed along the palpebral margin,close to boots of eyelashes.Most of the subcutaneous tissues was cut and removed,and then dermis and tarsal plate were fixed with 5 stitches of suture.About 1-3 mm wide of skin along superior margin was removed reasonably.In another 50 cases.double eyelid operation was performed with conventional incision.Incision was designed 6-8 mm far from the palpebral margin.Most of the subcutaneous tissues was removed.and then dermis and tarsal plate were fixed with 5 stitches of suture.Results Postoperative results were evaluated 5 days and 1 month after operation respectively.Postoperative double eyelid shapes were all satisfled in two groups.Swollen eyedids and scar were more inconspicuous in the cases with the palpebral-marginal incision without impairment on eyelashes.Conclusion Compared with double eyelid operation with conventional incision,blepharoplasty with palpebral margin incision has the same results but with lighter impairment,milder hydropsia and more inconspicuous scar.The key point of this procedure is the fixation of dermis and tarsal plate,keeping a good radian of double eyelid line.

Objective To determine the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis (IPIF). Methods From December 2006 to January 2008, 24 consecutive patients with IPIF admitted to Beijing Chaoyang Hospital underwent 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring and esophageal manometry. Meanwhile, 23 patients with diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD) (excluding IPIF) admired to the hospital in the same period served as a control group. Comparison of the prevalence of pathologic esophageal acid exposure GERD symptoms, and ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) between the two groups was made. In this study, nocturnal acid exposure is defined as acid reflux episodes occurring from 10pro to 6am. Results (1) 16 out of the 24 (66. 7%) patients with IPIF were demonstrated to have pathologic esophageal acid exposure; the prevalence of GERD in IPIF patients was significantly higher than that in other DPLD patients, whose prevalence was 26. 1% (P<0.05); (2) 87.5% patients with IPIF and GERD (GERD-IPIF) had nocturnal acid exposure episodes; (3) only 37.5% of the GERD-IPIF patients was found to have typical GERD symptoms such as heartburn and regurgitation; (4) The prevalence of IEM was similar in IPIF and other DPLD patients, being 42.9% and 39. 1% respectively (P >0. 05). Conclusions IPIF patients have higher prevalence of GERD and most of them usually do not show typical reflux symptoms. It is hereby suggested that IPIF patients should be screened with pH monitoring for GERD.

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with chronic cough by the results of combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and high-resolution manometry (MII-HRM) procedure and 24-hour muhichannel intraluminal impedance combined pH (MII pH) monitoring.Methods From March 2010 to November 2010,consecutive patients of GERD with chronic cough (more than 8 weeks) admitted to Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University underwent 24-hour MII-pH monitoring and MII-HRM procedure with symptom association probability(SAP) over 95％.Data of lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure,LES relaxation,LES residual pressure,esophageal body peristalsis function and swallow bolus transit (liquid/viscous) was collected and the result of 24-hour MII-pH monitoring was analysed by the computer software containing reflux episode activity(acid/nonacid,upright/recumbent),proximal extent,acid exposure and mean acid/bolus clearance time.Seventeen patients of GERD with typical reflux symptom were selected as the control group.ResultsComparing with patients of GERD with typical reflux symptom,patients of GERD with chronic cough showeddecreased upper esophageal sphincter pressure (UESP) [( 122.55 ± 60.48 )mm Hg vs ( 86.37 ± 41.35 ) mm Hg,P ＜ 0.05,1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa ],higher percentage of abnormality peristalsis [(9.47 ± 15.63 ) ％ vs ( 22.16 ± 17.45 ) ％,P ＜ 0.05 ],degraded esophagus transmittability of liquid substance [( 88.82 ± 12.23) ％ vs ( 71.68 ± 23.06 ) ％,P ＜ 0.05 ],more reflux episode activity ( acid/nonacid ) in supine position and proximal reflux episode (nonacid) in supine position (P ＜ 0.05 )and longer mean bolus clearance time( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Decrease of the UESP,increase of the reflux episode activity (acid/nonacid) in supine position and proximal reflux episode (nonacid) in supine position,lengthened mean bolus clearance time in supine position and the degraded esophagus clearance ability may all correlated with the pathogenesy of GERD with chronic cough.