The objective of this study is to obtain a comprehensive understand the view of inservice education master degree program students on their supervisors' performance in teaching and research in Peking University Health Science Centre.on their.This study was conducted by using the questionnaire-based survey which includes questions regarding research quality,research conditions and scientific spirit etc.We concluded that Peking University Health Science Center,by formulating practical regulations and adopting relevant policies,managed to keep the capacity building for the supervisors and will further improve quality of the in-service graduate program.

Objective To investigate the influence of ozagrel sodium (OS) on cerebral ischemic tolerance in rat induced by focal ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and on expression of nuclear factor ?B (NF ?B) in rats Methods Fourty five rats were divided into 3 groups The animals were subjected to 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) 3 days after 10 min IPC, IPC+OS and sham surgery (SS) respectively. After 22 h reperfusion, the rats were killed and the infarct volume, brain water content and NF ?B immunoreactivity were compared among 3 groups. Results Compared with IPC+ MCAO group, there were a furtber decrements in farct volume (93 75?13 40 vs 130 92?14 59, P

Actual research on brain-computer interface system is analyzed.The basic structure and operational principle of this system are set forth.Methods of signal collection,feature extraction and selection classification of system signals are concluded.Latest analysis methods and existing defects of feature extraction and selection classification are introduced in detail.Problems existing in brain-computer interface system are also analyzed.Great advantages on feature extraction of wavelet transform & wavelet packet decomposition and wide prospects on selection classification of neural network are pointed out at last.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects and operation key-points of interphalangeal joint replacement arthroplasty for the treatment of traumatic arthritis.Methods From March 2005 to December 2010,5 patients with post-traumatic arthritis undergoing interphalangeal joint replacement arthroplasty in our hospital were selected.The operation indications,treatment of intraoperative flexor and extensor tendon lesion and postoperative rehabilitation were evaluated.Results Operative incisions of 5 cases were primary healing in class I grade A.Stitches were taken out 2 weeks after the operation.Patients were followed up for 1.5 years.The range of interphalangeal joint motion was 0 to 90 (extension/flexion) with no pain at end of follow-up.The hand function was excellent in 3 cases and good in 2 cases according to total active motion (TAM)hand function evaluation.Conclusions Interphalangeal joint replacement arthroplasty is an effective treatment for traumatic arthritis.Preoperative indications evaluation and postoperative rehabilitation should be focused on the treatment.

Estrogen receptor(ER),an important transcription factor belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily,comprises two subtypes ER?and ER?.Estrogen receptor is expressed in prostate cancer and ladder cancer and has a compacted relationship with them.In this review,we summarized the structure,distri- bution,function of different estrogen receptor subtypes and progress in study on relationship between different estrogen receptor subtypes and prostate or bladder cancer.

Objective To longitudinally analyze the unit costs and technical efficiency of the model of male circumcision in the different kinds of persons .Methods Unit costs were calculated by the person and period using longitudinal data from 3 kinds of persons ,and then technical efficiency and Malmquist indices were measured with an approach to data envelopment analysis . Results Theunit costs for changing the willingness to accept surgery changed dramatically ,decreasing from 7 166 .67 yuan(mean) to 737 .31 yuan ,while the costs for changing the ratio of the surgery increased from 666 .64 yuan (mean) to 744 .58 yuan ,and its technical efficiency was averaging between 0 .95-0 .96 .Conclusion The time series of unit costs for changing the willingness to ac-cept surgery dramatically dropped ,while changing the ratio of the surgery formed a U-shape curve with an inflection point before which unit costs dramatically dropped and another inflection point beyond which unit costs went up .These findings can inform pro-gram managers of the changing unit costs when extending or expanding the program .

Building a new concept of combat forces is an important initiative in the 12th Five-Year Plan of National Defense Strategies.In the era of biotechnology,global powers have been competing for brain control by means of accelerated development in brain science and the military theory of Innovation to Subdue.Based on elaboration on the concepts and developments of military applications of brain science as well as on analysis of impacts on the mechanism of winning,this paper proposes the operation concepts of pre-settingand bio-orientation,the combat modes of mechanized warfareand idiodynamic warfare,and weapon evolution into intellectualizationand brain-control orientation.This paper presents a practical system design of military applications of brain science:presetting—key technology—weapons′power source-mechanism of winning.The constitution and winning mechanism of the three-stage mode of battle effectiveness are summarized as improving the operation capability—war of super soldiers,changing the main force of operations—war of mechanized legions,altering the principles of operations—war of spiritual consciousness. This paper also suggests the upgradation from damage theoryto control theory,the shift from informatizationtointellectualization,and strategic breakthroughs from independent developmentto collaborative innovation.

Objective To observe any changes in spinal cord hemodynamics after spinal cord injury and to investigate their mechanism. Methods Twenty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into a control group and a moderate injury group,10 rats in each group.A rat model of spinal cord injury caused by moderate compression was established using Nystrom's method.Changes in the velocity and volume of blood flow and in the diameters of vessels of the spinal cord were monitored for 6 hours using laser speckle imaging. Results No changes in the velocity or volume of blood flow or in the diameter of vessels were observed in the control group,but all of these indices diminished significantly in the injury group. Conclusions Laser speckle imaging can be used to monitor changes in spinal cord hemodynamics.Such changes after acute spinal cord injury indicate progressive post-injury ischemia.The occlusion of veins may be an important contributor to post-injury ischemia.

We surveyed the graduate students at Peking University Health Science Center for the difficulties during their study. The result showed that the major difficulties were job pressure, completing studies and economic burden. Some students were also bothered by love affairs, health conditions and interpersonal relationship. Suggestions were made for future work to help these students to cope with such difficulties to complete their study smoothly.

To evaluate the effects of combined therapy of rhIL 11 and rhG CSF on monkeys irradiated with 8 0 Gy 60 Co ? ray. Animals were divided into control ( n =4) and rhIL 11+rhG CSF treatment group ( n =4). After irradiation the control was given no treatment, while the treatment group was given rhIL 11 50?g/(kg.d)+rhG CSF 10?g/(kg.d) and other symptomatic supportive treatment whenever needed. The results showed that all animals underwent nausea, diarrhea and fever. After irradiation, all blood cells in peripheral blood of the animals declined in quantity rapidly. Animals of the control died of hemorrhage and infection. Their mean surviving time after ? ray exposure was 18 2 days. Aninals of the treatment group all survived on the 45th day after exposure. Their peripheral blood cell counts recovered to near baseline level. Histopathological observation revealed that bone marrow cells of treated animals proliferated actively. The results suggested that a combination of rhIL 11 and rhG CSF treatment was significantly effective in extremely severe hematopoietic acute radiation sickness.