Objective To understand the sleeping time and the prevalence of sleep disturbances in children aged 3-12 years in Wuxi city.Methods Two thousand and three hundred seventy six children aged 3-12 years were investigated with questionnaires from June to September 2003.Results The average sleep time of 1 day in each age group was 11.61,10.91,10.68,10.27,9.81, 9.67,9.61,9.57,9.60,9.61 hours, respectively. The total prevalence of sleep disturbance was 25.5%. Among them, the sleep snoring prevalence was 7.8%; choke/gargling was 0.63%;mouth breathing was 6.6%;sleep apnea was 0.34%;rubbing teeth was 7.7%;sleep talking was 4.2%;somnambulate was 0.63%;enuresis was 1.4%;limber spasm was 3.2%;sleep inquietude was 6.2%。Conclusion Prevalence of sleep disturbance in children age 3-12 years was high and sleep time was shorter in Wuxi than that in other cities.

More than ten bacteriophage of E.coli were isolated from the soil and the dung of the fowl-run, then three of named bacteriophage A, C, D which lysis E.coli virulently were selected to investigate biological characterizations. The results showed that high activities were obtained after the phages incubated at 50℃ for 1 h or 60℃ for 30 min. The phages could be alive at the range of pH from 4 to 12, Ca 2+ or Mg 2+ added to the medium could stimulate the lysis of phages. However, the formation of the plaque could be inhibited obviously by adding sodium citrate to the medium.

Objective By analyzing the urinary calculi ingredient and 24-hour urinary stone risk factors of urolithiasis patients in Hengyang area,to investigate the effects of diet intervention on recurrence rate in urolithiasis patients,and provide the measures for prevention and treatment.Methods Prospectively collected 692 patients that permanent residents in Hengyang area from September 2008 to September 2012,who had implementation of minimally invasive operation and taken stone specimens to analyze composition,and also collected 24 hours urine to analyze the urinary stone risk factors.They were divided into test group and control group by random number table method,346 cases in each,control group without diet intervention,and test group was given diet intervention according to the stone composition and urinary stonerisk factors.All patients were followed up for 1 year,the urinary stone recurrence rate in Hengyang area was observed.Results Among 692 urolithiasis patients,663 patients completed the study (test group of 341 cases and control group of 322 cases),the expulsion rate was 4.19％(29/692).The 24-hour urinary stone risk factors in control group before and after diet intervention had no significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).In test group after diet intervention,the excretion of ingredients in urine such as dietary calcium (t =3.412,P ＜ 0.05),oxalate(t =3.018,P ＜ 0.05) and uric acid(t =1.990,P ＜ 0.05) was obviously decreased,and urinary citrate (t =3.174,P ＜ 0.05) was increased,but the excretion of ingredients such as magnesium and phosphorus had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).After 1 year after diet intervention,the recurrence rate in test group was lower than that in control group [0.88％ (3/341) vs.7.76％ (25/322)],there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Diet intervention can effectively reduce the risk of urinary stone according to the stone composition and the 24 hours urine stone risk factors,plays an important role on reducing urinary stone recurrence,which is worth clinical promotion.

Objective:To observe the clinical characteristics with different peritoneal transport type in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD),and to investigate the factors associated with peritoneal transport function.Methods:The clinical data of 158 CAPD patients were analyzed retrospectively.According to peritoneal equilibration test,a method for evaluation of the peritoneal transport function,the patients were divided into 2 groups:a high average and high peritoneal transport group (Group A,n=84) and a low average and low peritoneal transport group (Group B,n=74).T-he demographics,clinical biochemical indexes and the incidence of cardiovascular complications were compared between the 2 groups.Logistic regression analysis was used to find the factors relevant to peritoneal transport function.Results:The level of serum albumin (ALB) in the Group B was significantly higher than that in the Group A (P＜0.05).The 4 h dialysate/plasma creatinine (D/Pcr),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),body mass index (BMI),and the rates of cardiovascular complications in the Group A were significantly higher than those in the Group B (P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the D/Pcr was positively correlated with the BMI,serum hs-CRP and cardiovascular complications (r=0.179,0.373 and 0.426,respectively,P＜0.05),while it was negatively correlated with ALB (r=-0.393,P＜0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that the high BMI (OR=1.178,P＜0.05),cardiovascular complications (OR=5.035,P＜0.01),and the low serum ALB (OR=0.852,P＜0.01)were the risk factors for high peritoneal transport.Conclusion:The serum ALB level,BMI and the cardiovascular complications are associated with high peritoneal transport,which are useful markers for predicting the peritoneal transport function before peritoneal dialysis.

OBJECTIVE To study the methods and curative effects of reconstruction of oropharyngeal defects after resection of tonsillar cancer. METHODS Nineteen patients with tonsillar cancer underwent operation. The choice of surgical procedure was decided on the size of the lesions. The tumor was resected through the hyoid approach and mandibular swing approach. Surgical defects were repaired immediately with tongue flap, temporalis myofascial flap, pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. RESULTS The functions of respiration, chewing, deglutition, and speech were restored satisfied in all patients. Partial necrosis of the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap occurred in one patient, and mild difficulty of open mouth in 3 patients after repaired with temporalis myofascial flap. CONCLUSION Choosing what is optimum from multiple feasible surgical methods is prerequisite for better oropharyngeal function and quality of life in patients with tonsillar cancer.

Objective: To investigate the effect of thyroxine level on the onset of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), pregnancy outcome and the basic conditions of neonates. Methods: The related information of 1903 cases of pregnant women were prospectively collected from the Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai Changhai Hospital. Selecting group A (gravida with low thyroxinemia, n=36), group B (gravida with pure thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positive, n=113) and group C (gravida with normal thyroid function, n=1539) according to the results of thyroid function test in newly constructed card. The incidence of GDM and the related index of thyroid function and glucose metabolism during the second trimester of pregnancy were compared among the three groups. Gravida with GDM in the three groups were group D (9 cases), group E (32 cases) and group F (367 cases), respectively. The differences of pregnancy outcome and the basic conditions of neonates among them were compared. Results: No significant differences existed (P>0.05) in the incidence of GDM during different pregnant period in groups A, B and C (First trimester: 50.00% vs. 25.00% vs. 34.69%; Second trimester: 21.88% vs. 28.71% vs. 22.70%). In the second trimester, the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was significantly higher in group A than in group C [4.80%(4.60%, 5.00%) vs. 4.70%(4.40%, 4.90%)], w hi le the fasting glucose level was significantly higher in group B than those in group C [(4.69±0.59) mmol/L vs. (4.58±0.43) mmol/L, P<0.05]. The incidence of fetal distress was significantly higher in group E than that in grou p F (18.75% vs. 7.08%); while the last ultrasound of fetal gestational weeks [36.80(33.80, 39.8) w vs. 37.60(35.50, 39.70) w], double apical diameter [(9.10±0.59) cm vs. (9.28±0.40) cm], femoral and humer us leng th were lower significantly in group E than those in group F [7.30(6.83, 7.48) cm vs. 7.40(7.10, 7.60) cm; 6.40(6.20, 6.58) cm vs. 6.50(6.30, 6.70) cm] (P<0.05). The neonatal birth weight [(3160.71±490.17) g vs. (3379.81±465.06) g], body length and 1-minute A pgar score were also smal ler signi ficantly in group E than in group F (P<0.05). There was no significant difference on pregnancy outcomes of gravida and basic neonatal conditions among groups D, E and F (P>0.05). Conclusions: Different levels of thyroxine have no significant effect on the incidence of GDM, but throw some effects on the glucose metabolism in the second trimester. In addition, positive TPOAb may increase the incidence of premature delivery and fetal distress in pregnant women with GDM, and affect fetal growth and development to some extent. Thyroid function status should be evaluated in the early stages of pregnancy, and regular follow-up should be conducted for patients with TPOAb positivity and timely intervention if necessary.

Objective To analyze the blood glucose levels and related data of inpatients of different clinical departments, so as to provide a basis for normalized management of blood glucose in hospital. Methods Medical records of 1 726 discharged patients from 9 different clinical departments of Changhai Hospital in November 2014 were retrospectively analyzed using medical record inquiry system. The data included admission blood glucose, metabolic indexes, hospital stay and hospitalization expenses. The abnormal blood glucose and related factors were analyzed. Results We found that 99.19% (1 712) of the 1 726 inpatients had their blood glucose monitored once at least. According to their past medical history and blood glucose levels on admission or during hospitalization, 42.76% (738) patients had pathoglycemia. Endocrinology department (73.79%,76/103), geriatrics department (54.17%, 13/24) and pancreatic surgical department (50.54%, 93/184) had more pathoglycemia patients than other departments. The patients with newly discovered pathoglycemia (393) accounted for 22.77% of the inpatients, and the hospital stay and hospitalization expenses in these patients were significantly higher than patients with diabetes and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and those with normal blood glucose (P<0.01). The levels of serum triglyceride (TG) and blood urea (BUN) of diabetic and IGR inpatients were significantly higher than patients with newly discovered high glucose and normal glucose (P<0.01); the levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in diabetic and IGR inpatients and those with newly discovered pathoglycemia were significantly lower than that in those with normal blood glucose (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the former two groups. Conclusion Newly discovered hyperglycemia during hospitalization should not be overlooked. The blood glucose monitoring of high risk population should be reinforced on admission and during hospitalization, and a standard management of hyperglycemia should be established.

Objective There is little research focusing on the expression and function of bradykinin 1 receptor ( B1R ) and bradykinin 2 receptor ( B2R) after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion on the basis of diabetes .The aim of this study was to compare the ex-pression difference and function change of B 1R and B2R in non-dia-betic and diabetic rats . Methods The cerebral ischemia/reperfu-sion model was established on 41 non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic rats, the weight and the biochemical index were measured on these two types of rats .8 non-diabetic rats and 8 diabetic rats were respec-
tively assigned to two groups according to random number tables:control group and I/R 24 h group, 4 in each group.Real-time PCR was performed to observe the expressions of two receptors at 24 h after reperfusion .Then, 33 non-diabetic rats and 33 diabetic rats were randomly divided into 4 groups respectively, including sham group (n=6), saline group (n=9), B1R antagonist group (n=9) and B2R antagonist group (n=9).At 24 hours after cerebral I/R, neurological deficiency was evaluated by neurological severity scores ( NSS);infarct volume was observed by TTC staining;cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining;neuron degeneration was de-tected by Fluoro-Jade C staining. Results Glucoses of diabetics at 3, 7, 14 d after model establishment [(23.45 ±5.01), (23.71 ±4.87), (22.72 ±4.11) mmol/L] were obviously elevated compared with non-diabetics [(5.77 ±0.75), (6.05 ±0.69), (7.15 ±1.09) mmol/L];blood cholesterin [(4.59 ±3.43) mmol/L] and insulin [(67.26 ±12.02) pmol/L] at 14 d after model establishment were evidently incresaed in comparison to those in non-diabetics [(1.58 ±0.37) mmol/L, (25.34 ±4.88) pmol/L] (P<0.05), while no significant difference was found in the blood triglyceride of diabetics between them (P>0.05).Compared with non-diabetics, diabetics suffered from more apparent up-regulation of B1R mRNA (P<0.01) but relatively less B2R mRNA (P<0.05) at 24 h after I/R.NSS score, infarction volume, damaged and apoptotic cells in B2R antagonis-treated non-diabetic rats at 24 h after I/R conspicuously decreased compared with saline-treated non-daibetic rats.Those indicators in B1R antagonis-treated diabeics were strikingly lessened compared with saline-treated daibetics . Conclusion I/R induced distinct up-regulation of B2R mRNA in non-diabetics and inhibiton of B 2R effectively ameliorated the infarct volume and cell injury after I/R in non-diabetics; I/R induced more notable up-regulation of B1R mRNA in diabetics and B1R antagonist exerted neuroprotective effects instead of B 2R antagonist af-ter I/R in diabetics.

OBJECTIVETo explore the protective effect and the mechanism of Puerarin Injection (PI) on myocardial ischemia reperfusion in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and angina pectoris (AP).

METHODSSeventy-eight patients with AP planned to receive the PTCA and stenting treatment were randomly divided and single-blindedly into the conventional group and the PI group. Based on the conventional treatment and pre-operational preparation, the PI group was given 200 ml of PI by intravenous dripping once a day, beginning from one week before operation, but to the conventional group, normal saline was given for instead. The condition of AP attack in balloon dilatatory stage of PTCA was observed and change of ST segment of ECG detected by a 12-lead ECG monitor. The blood levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF:Ag), nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were also observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSAs compared with those in the conventional group, number of patients having AP attack and ST segment change in PTCA process was lessened in the PI group, with blood levels of vWF:Ag and ET-1 obviously lower, and NO content obviously higher than those in the conventional group,

CONCLUSIONSPI could protect the myocardium in 2-3 days after ischemia reperfusion, one of the possible reasons is that PI can simulate the late phase of ischemic preconditioning, which may be related to its effect in lowering plasma vWF:Ag and ET-1, and increasing the serum NO content.

Angina Pectoris ; therapy ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Antigens ; blood ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Isoflavones ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Stents ; von Willebrand Factor ; immunology

Objective To establish a method of multicolor melting curve analysis for the prenatal diagnosis ofβthalassemia.Methods Methodology establishment.A total of 95 cases, including 9 fetal villi samples(10-13 weeks)and 86 amniotic fluid samples(18-24 weeks)were collected by Center for Prenatal Diagnosis of Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital between January 2014 and December 2014.A double-blind test was done to detect the mutations of beta globin gene by means of reverse dot ( RDB) blot and multicolor melting curve analysis ( MMCA).The consistency of the two methods is compared.Results The results of 93 cases detected by MMCA and RDB are completely consistent.The results of the 2 cases detected by MMCA after correction are the same as the results detected by RDB.Finally, the coincidence rate of the result was 100%.Conclusion MMCA can be applied to the prenatal diagnosis ofβthalassemia as an effective supplement to RDB.