OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and trends of illegal circulation of counterfeit drugs in China,and to put forward monitoring countermeasures. METHODS:In empirical study,3 typical cases of counterfeit drugs manufacturing and selling in China were analyzed (including Jiangsu Wuxi Internet transnational counterfeit drugs manufacturing and selling case, Shanghai Avastin eye drug case,Sichuan Dazhou counterfeit drugs case),to compare the sources of counterfeit drug and illegal cir-culation pathway,thus find out the monitoring problems. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Main reasons for illegal circulation of counterfeit drugs in China are as follows as drug circulation regulation absence of foreign-funded medical institutions,the existence of hidden drug circulation monitoring holes in urban medical institutions,under-developed and weak ability of distinguishing talse drug information internet counterfeit drugs sales regulatory means. It is suggested to establish drug management norms for for-eign-funded medical institutions,improve drug circulation monitoring in primary medical institutions,establish pharmaceutical logis-tics(transportation)licensing system and strengthen online fake drug sale information monitoring and information publication.

BACKGROUND:Creation of a precise finite element model is an important basis for the finite element mechanical analysis of the spine. The reports on the precise finite element model are less.
OBJECTIVE:To create L 3-L 5 lumbar three-dimensional finite element model and validate this model with normal CT data.
METHODS:A 39-year-old male healthy volunteer with the height of 175 cm and weighted 65 kg was selected, then the L 3-L 5 lumbar spines were scanned with 16 row spiral CT to obtain 101 CT images with the thickness of 1.25 mm. Solid geometric model was established with Geomagic9.0 software, then determined the unit type,
divided the finite element mesh, and established the finite element model for loading and calculating.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A L 3-L 5 lumbar three-dimensional finite element model was established. It
included 213 736 nodes and 799 779 elements. The ranges of motion of L 3-L 4 and L 4-L 5 segments of the model were consistent with cadaveric biomechanical testing results, verified the effectiveness of the model, so the
model could be used for experimental research.

Objective To observe the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine plus movement therapy in treating upper limb spasticity in hemiplegic patients. Methods Sixty-six patients were divided randomly into two groups. Thirty-five patients in the therapy group were treated with Chinese herbal medicine and movement therapy, and 31 patients in the control group were treated with movement therapy alone. The modified Ashworth scale and sur- face electromyography were applied to evaluate spasticity. Results The total effectiveness rates were 94.3% in the therapy group and 64.5% in the control group. After treatment, the average integrated electromyogram (IEMG) val- ue in the therapy group was lower than that in the control group. The difference in IEMG values before and after treat- ment in the therapy group was significantly larger than in the control group. Conclusion Chinese herbal medicine plus movement therapy is more effective than movement therapy alone in relieving spasticity.

Objective Summarize the clinical nursing keys and experiences for tranplantation of leg island flap. Methods Follow- up 111 patients with transplantation of leg island flap. Results There were 109 patients had accepted survival of island flap, their function of wounded limb were recoveried satisfactory by one- year follow up. There were 2 amputation patients because of disturbance of blood circulation of distal wounded limb. Conclusions Careful perioperative nursing and observation are the keys of survival for tranplantation of leg island flap. Proper rehabilitaiton education can guarantee the satisfactory prognosis.

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is the inhalation of 100％ oxygen at a pressure higher than one atmosphere absolute (ATA),and has been used as an auxiliary therapy for various skin diseases.It has been proved that HBO can increase the oxygen content in skin tissues,accelerate aerobic metabolism of skin,promote epithelial regeneration and wound healing,relieve adverse stimuli on peripheral nerves and sensors in the skin,inhibit apoptosis of neurons,enhance the function of regulatory T cells,alleviate inflammation,and mobilize vascular stem/progenitor cells (SPCs) from the bone marrow to peripheral blood and ulcer tissues.At present,HBO has been widely applied in the auxiliary treatment of psoriasis,atopic dermatitis,postberpetic neuralgia,chronic refractory cutaneous ulcer,pyoderma gangrenosum,fungal infection,vascular embolization after cosmetic facial filling,and some other skin diseases.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of the baseline ,week 1 and week 2 model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) scores ,MELD‐Na scores and MELDNa scores for 3‐month mortality in hepatitis B virus (HBV) related acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients .Methods Fifty‐three eligible HBV‐related ACLF patients who received initial treatment in People′s Hospital of Deyang City , Sichuan Province from January 2014 to January 2015 were enrolled in this retrospective clinical follow‐up study .Patients were divided into death group and survival group according to the prognosis after 3 months of treatment .Biochemical data and complications were collected .t test was used to compare the means between two groups and χ2 test was used to compare categorical data .Accuracy of scoring models in predicting mortality within 3 months was performed by area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) .Results Of the fifty‐three patients ,twenty‐one HBV‐related ACLF patients died in 3‐month , while thirty‐two patients survived .The AUC of MELD scores ,MELD‐Na scores and MELDNa scores at the baseline in predicting 3‐month mortality were 0 .548 (95% CI:0 .406 -0 .685 , P= 0 .555) ,0 .502 (95% CI:0 .362-0 .643 ,P=0 .978) and 0 .523 (95% CI:0 .381-0 .662 ,P=0 .778) ,respectively .The AUC increased gradually at the first and the second week .At the second week ,the AUC of MELD scores ,MELD‐Na scores and MELDNa scores were 0 .881 (95% CI:0 .762 -0 .953 ,P<0 .01) ,0 .878 (95% CI:0 .759-0 .951 ,P<0 .01) and 0 .897 (95% CI:0 .783 -0 .963 ,P<0 .01) ,respectively .The AUC of the second week was higher than those of the baseline and the first week (both P<0 .05) .The sensitivity ,specificity ,positive predictive value (PPV) ,and accuracy at the second week were best when the cut off was 26 for MELD ,29 for MELD‐Na and 29 for MELDNa , and were higher than the corresponding values of the baseline and the first week .Conclusions The predictive values of MELD scores ,MELD‐Na scores and MELDNa scores at the second week are superior to the baseline and the first week for 3‐month mortality in HBV‐related ACLF patients ,while the predictive values at the baseline could be poor .

The evaluation indexes are selected from the aspects of hospital behavior and user behavior based on the relevant theories on influence and the transmission characteristics of Wechat,with the data so acquired processed with the principal component analysis.In the end,the expression of evaluation was applied to the evaluation and analysis of the influence of the hospital Wechat.

Application of a number of philosophical ideas is instructive in eliminating the opposition on the doctors'right to inform and the patients right to being informed,building a harmonious relations between doctors and patients and correctly understanding and carrying out the informed consent.

Purpose:To study the molecular mechanism that d etermines the cell cycle differences between human giant-cell carcinoma cell st rains 95C and 95D. Methods:FACscan was used to analyze the cell cycle of 95C and 9 5D cells, and the proliferation ability of 95C and 95D cells was measured by MTT assay. We further detected the expression levels of cell cycle factors by Weste rn blotting. Results:Our data showed that the proliferation ability of 95D c ells is higher than that of 95C cells, and that the cell number in S phase of 95 D cells is much larger than that of 95C cells. We further found that the express ion level of p27 in 95D cell is lower than that of 95C cells. In addition, the e xpression levels of CDK2 and p-RB of 95D cells are higher than that of 95C cell s. Conclusions:Our results indicated that low expression level of p27 lead to the increased proliferation ability of 95D cells, which might reflec t the progression of human lung cancer cells in cell cycle facets.

Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations,pathological features,treatment and prognosis of nongesta-tional choriocarcinomas.Methods The clinicopathological data in 4 cases of nongestational choriocarcinoma were retrospectively analyzed and the relevant literatures were reviewed.Results All 4 patients had no confirmed diagnosis at first visit to hospital.All patients received the operative therapy and postoperative bleomycin,etoposide and cis-platinum (BEP)regimen chemotherapy.The followed up lasted for 3-32 months.One case died at postoperative 26 months due to pulmonary metastasis;one case was loss of follow up;two cases had relatively favorable condition.Conclusion Nongestational choriocarcinoma is a rare and highly invasive trophoblastic neoplasm,and is prone for early distant metastasis.The treatment is recommended to adopt operation combined with postoperative combined chemotherapy of multiple drugs.