Radiotherapy is one of the most important treatments for glioma; however its therapeutic effect is unsatisfying. Timing, accurate target outlining, a total dose higher than 60Gy, conformal modulating radiotherapy and combined chemotherapy and targeted therapy are important factors in improving the outcome of radiotherapy.

This paper describes the basic principles of optical analysis measurements,such as colorimetry,spectrophotometry,fluorometry,fluorescence spectrophotometry and scatter,and their typical applications to medical analysis instrument.The quality control of the optical analysis instrument and their development are also discussed.

Objective To evaluate the effect of nasointestinal tube in patients receiving mechanical ventilation.Methods Patients receiving mechanical ventilation were randomLy divided into two groups.The two groups were isocaloric and isonitrogen.The study group used nasointestinal tube feeding.The control group used nasogastric tube feeding.Nutrition status,ventilator days,aspiration incidence and pneumonia incidence were measured.Results 178 patients receiving me- chanical ventilation were divided into two groups.The study group showed reduction in aspiration incidence and pneumoni- a incidence.Other measurements showed no significant difference.Conclusion Nasointestinal tube feeding could reduce aspiration and pneumonia incidence in patients receiving mechanical ventilation.

Pressure-support ventilation (PSV) is a form of important ventilation mode. Patient-ventilator synchrony of pressure support ventilation can be divided into inspiration-triggered and expiration-triggered ones. Whether the ventilator can track the patient's inspiration and expiration very well or not is an important evaluating item of the performance of the ventilator. The ventilator should response to the patient's inspiration effort on time and deliver the air flow to the patient under various conditions, such as different patient's lung types and inspiration effort, etc. Similarly, the ventilator should be able to response to the patient's expiration action, and to decrease the patient lung's internal pressure rapidly. Using the Active Servo Lung (ASL5000) respiratory simulation system, we evaluated the spontaneous breathing of PSV mode on E5, Servo i and Evital XL. The following parameters, the delay time before flow to the patient starts once the trigger variable signaling the start of inspiration, the lowest inspiratory airway pressure generated prior to the initiation of PSV, etc. were measured.
Exhalation ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Interactive Ventilatory Support ; Lung ; physiology ; Pressure ; Ventilators, Mechanical

Objective To investigate the effect of osteoinductive calcium phosphate ceramics (OICPC) on tendon healing in bone tunnels. Methods Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with semitendonous tendon was performed in the knee joints of 30 New Zealand rabbits by suspended fixation. OICPC grains were implanted into the bone tunnel of 15 rabbits which were the experimental group and the other 15 rabbits without OICPC implants severed as the control group. Specimens were collected four weeks, eight weeks and 12 weeks after surgery. Sections were stained with H. E., Sirius Red and Masson. Histological changes in the interface tissue between the bone tunnel and the tendon graft were observed, and the morphology of interface tissue was classified according to Yamakado method. Histomorphometry was done on Masson stain sections to measure new bone formation around the grafted tendon. Results In OICPC group, histological sections obtained four and eight weeks after surgery showed statistically greater new bone formation than those in the control group. Abundant penetrating Sharpey fibers appeared at eight weeks and direct connection was found at 12 weeks in the experimental group. On the other hand, Sharpey fibers appeared only at 12 weeks in the control group. Conclusion OICPC has a capability of enhancing biological fixation of a tendon to the bone tunnel.

Objective To investigate the change of cognitive function and cerebral blood flow in patients with transient ischemic attack(TIA).Methods 35 patients with TIA and 33 normal controls who matched in sex, age, right handed and education were tested by events related potential(ERP), the scale of elderly cognitive function(SECF) and magnetic resonance angiography(MRA).Results The peak latencies of P 3 components of ERP in the patients were significantly delayed as compared with the control group( P

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of TNF and IL 2 recombinant adenoviruses via intra arterial injection on metastatic liver cancer in rat model. Methods Recombinant adenoviruses harboring hTNF ? or hIL 2 gene were amplified in 293 cells and subjected to titration by the pathogenetic effects on 293 cell. The rats bearing metastatic liver cancer of Walker 256 breast carcinoma were randomly grouped and administered via gastra intestinal artery with hTNF ? recombinant adenoviruses alone, or hIL 2 recombinant adenoviruses alone, or at the dose of 1.0?10 9 pfu/rat. The therapeutic effects were observed including their survival time. Results The prepared recombinant adenoviruses of hTNF ? and hIL 2 were with the titers of 2.0?10 9 pfu/ml and 2.1?10 9 pfu/ml, respectively. 1.0 ?10 9 pfu hTNF was the proper dose. Administration of hTNF ? or hIL 2 recombinant adenoviruses via hepatic artery could extend the survival time of metastatic liver cancer bearing rats, with the better therapeutic effects achieved by combinatorial administration of these two adenoviruses. Conclusion Arterial administration of adenoviruses may be an effective approach to targeted immunogene therapy for cancer.

Objective To investigate the gene transfer efficiency and lasted time in rat organs by hepatic artery injection with LacZ reporter gene recombinant adenoviruses. Methods Seven groups of rats were injected with Ad.LacZ (2?10 9 pfu/ml) and two groups of rats were injected with PBS 1 ml as control separately through gastra intestinal artery, and liver, spleen, lung, and kidney were gotten at 12 hrs, 18 hrs, 72 hrs, 7 day, 14 day, 21 day, and 28day, respectively. X gal staining was used to check up expression of LacZ gene. Results Expression of LacZ gene was detected in liver 12 hrs after injection, but none were done in spleen, lung, and kidney. Up to 21days, LacZ gene expressed in liver, but the gene expression lasted for only 14 days in spleen, lung, and kidney LacZ gene was not detected in the two control groups in all organs at 7 day. Conclusion When recombinant adenovirus was administrated through hepatic artery, the introduced gene expressed preferentially in liver. This result was the basis of intraarterial administration of cytokines gene to treat liver tumor.

Th17 cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of various immune-mediated diseases,including psoriasis,rheumatoid arthritis,multiple sclerosis,inflammatory bowel disease,asthma,and so on.The discovery of Th17 cells has offered scientists a new insight into the etiology and treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases.This article presents an overview of the differentiation,cytokine expression and trafficking of Th17 cells.

Objective: To prepare ibuprofen dispersible tablet and compare its pharmacokinetics and bioavailability with market tablets in rabbits. Methods: According to inspection of factors and orthogonal design, optimal formulation was decided. A randomized crossover and self control design was used. Eight healthy rabbits were single oral dosed with 100 mg ibuprofen dispersible tablet or market tablet, respectively. The plasma drug concentration was determined by HPLC method. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3P87 program and the bioequivalence was assessed by NDST5.0 program. Results: A one compartment open model was adopted and the pharmacokinetic parameters of dispersible tablet and market tablet were as follows: c max were (9.79?2.25) and (4.54?1.50) ?g/ml; t max were (0.27?0.07) and (2.03?0.53) h; t 1/2 were (6.65? 2.14) and (9.17?4.38) h; AUC 0~∞ were (94.11?28.38) and (65.20?18.38) ?g?h?ml -1 , respectively. Ralative bioavailability of the dispersible tablet was 164.11% compared to market tablet. Conclusion: Ibuprofen dispersible tablet is administrated easily and absorbed quickly, and its bioavailability is far more better than the market one. [