The existing epilepsy seizure detection algorithms have problems such as overfitting and poor generalization ability due to high reliance on manual labeling of electroencephalogram's data and data imbalance between seizure and interictal periods. An unsupervised learning detection method for epileptic seizure that jointed graph attention network (GAT) and Transformer framework (GAT-T) was proposed. In this method, channel correlations were adaptively learned by GAT encoder. Temporal information was captured by one-dimensional convolution decoder. Combining outputs of the two mentioned above, predicted values for electroencephalogram were generated. The collective anomaly score was calculated and the detection threshold was determined. The results demonstrated that GAT-T achieved the average performance exceeding 90% (or 99%) with a 0.25 s (or 2 s) time segment length, which could effectively detect epileptic seizures. Moreover, the channel association probability matrix was expected to assist clinicians in the initial screening of the epileptogenic zone, and ablation experiments also reflected the significance of each module in GAT-T. This study may assist clinicians in making more accurate diagnostic and therapeutic decisions for epilepsy patients.
Humans ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Epilepsy/physiopathology* ; Algorithms ; Seizures/physiopathology* ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Upconversion luminescence (UCL) is a process during which low-energy light was converted (excitation) to high-energy light.Due to the characteristics of low excitation power density,negligible autofluorescence,lack of photobleaching and high stability,UCL has been increasingly applied for bioimaging.Using the upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) as agents in multimodality molecular imaging (UCL imaging,CT,MR,PET,etc),we could obtain clearimages with high signal to noise ratio.This review summarizes the applications of UCNP in the field of bioimaging.