Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an acute viral disease with fever, hemorrhage and renal failure caused by hantavirus infection. Hantavirus induces HFRS or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). HPS progression to a life-threatening pulmonary disease is found primarily in the USA and very rarely in South Korea. Here, we report a case of HFRS and coexisting HPS.
Fever ; Hantavirus ; Hantavirus Infections ; Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome ; Hemorrhage ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Lung Diseases ; Renal Insufficiency ; Republic of Korea ; Virus Diseases

Hantaviruses belong to the genus Hantavirus and Hantaan, Seoul, Puumala, Belgrade and Sin Nombre viruses are the etiolgic agents of two serious hantaviral diseases of humans. The rodent hosts and the specific etiologic agents of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) are known and many reported cases occurred in Eurasia and Americas. Wild rodents trapped in 13 different areas of Korea from 1994 to 1998 were investigated against hantavirus infection. A total of 718 wild rodents and 10 species were trapped and found 630 (87.7%) of them were Apodemus agrarius. Indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFAT) was performed for hantaviruses infections using different hantavirus antigens. Hantavirus antibodies were found in 68 (10.8%) out of 630 A. agrarius, 8 (42.1%) of 19 Rattus norvegicus. Among 68 lungs and other tissues of antibody positive A. agrarius, 5 (7.4%) were antigen positive. IFA titers of 5 positive A. agrarius sera showed higher titers against Puumala or Sin Nombre viruses than Hantaan virus. These results suggest that there may be are possibilities of existence of a noble hantavirus in Korean wild rodents.
Americas ; Animals ; Antibodies ; Fever ; Hantaan virus ; Hantavirus Infections* ; Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome ; Hantavirus* ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Humans ; Korea* ; Lung ; Murinae ; Rats ; Rodentia* ; Seoul ; Sin Nombre virus

Hantavirus infection occuring during pregnancy is rarely progressing to adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is accompanied by thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, fever, oliguria, aggravation of bleeding, hematuria, lactacedemia. Pregnancy may have an unfavorable impact on the pathophysiologic characteristics of ARDS. The high oxygen demands of pregnancy are unable to be matched by oxygen delivery in ARDS and may predispose the patient to multiple organ failure, as well as fetal oxygen deprivation. We present the case with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome complicating pregnancy.
Fever ; Hantavirus Infections ; Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome* ; Hantavirus* ; Hematuria ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Leukocytosis ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Oliguria ; Oxygen ; Pregnancy* ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Thrombocytopenia

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome(HPS) is a systemic disease that is caused by a newly discorved and characterized virus of the Hantavirus genus, which is most frequently referred to as the sin nombre virus. The clinical syndrome resembles other hantavirus syndromes worldwide, except that it is characterized by a brief prodromal illness followed by rapidly progressive, noncardiogenic edema, and that it is more deadly than any previously recognized hantavirus infection. The clinical manifestations of HPS are characterized by four clinical phases prodrome, pulmonary edema and shock, diuresis, and convalescence. Mortality is greatest in the first 24 hours of the pulmonary edema and shock phase of the illness. These phases are strikingly similar to the clinical phases of Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) induced by Hantaan virus, except that HPS has not been associated with renal failure and Disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC). We here report a case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome developed in a 58 year-old man. He had a flu-like illness followed by the rapid onset of respiratory failure due to noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. HPS was diagnosed by clinical manifestations, identification of high titer antibody to Hantaan virus antigen and histologic finding of transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) specimen. The patient was treated with mechanical ventilation and initial corticosteroid pulse therapy resulting in successful outcome.
Biopsy ; Convalescence ; Diuresis ; Edema ; Fever ; Hantaan virus ; Hantavirus Infections ; Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome* ; Hantavirus* ; Humans ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Pulmonary Edema ; Renal Insufficiency ; Respiration, Artificial ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Shock ; Sin Nombre virus

Multiple species of muridae and arvicolidae rodents serve as the natural reserviors of hantaviruses. Hantaviruses are distributed in rodent populations world-widely even in geographical areas where hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) has not been reported. Serologic diagnosis of infection, using hantaviral antigen, indicates that hantaviruses are wider distributed in wild rodents. This study was designed to intended the hantavirus infection among wild rodents captured in Kyebang mountain, Kangwon-do in Korea. A total of 216 wild rodents in 3 species were trapped in July and September in 1995. Serological evidence for hantaviruses infection were tested against five hantavirus antigens by indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFA). Among 100 Eothenomys regulus, 78 Apodemus peninsulae and 38 Apodemus agrarius (IFA). Among 100 Eothenomys regulus, 78 Apodemus peninsulae and 38 Apodemus agrarius; 12 C. regulus, 15 A. peninsulae and 6 A. agrarius were IF antibody positive against hantaviruses. This data suggest that Eothnomys regulus and Apodemus peninsulae would be a natural reservoir of hantaviruses.
Animals ; Diagnosis ; Gangwon-do ; Hantavirus Infections* ; Hantavirus* ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Korea ; Muridae ; Murinae ; Rodentia*

Hantaviruses are distributed in rodent population world-widely even in geographical areas where hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) has not been reported. Va.ictus species of Family Muridae and Arvicolidae serve as the natural reservoirs of hantaviruses. Hantaan virus, Seoul virus, Puumala virus, Prospect Hll virus, Sin Hombre virus and New York virus are members of genus Hantavirus and isolated from lungs of A. agrarius, C glareolus, M. pennsylvanicus, P. maniculatus and P. leucopus respectively. This experiment was intended to find the distribution of hantavirus infection among wild rodents and isolate the hantavirus from lung tissue of seropositve Apodemus peninsulae, and compared the nucleotide and amino acid sequences with prototype of hantaan virus 76-118 strain. Hantaviral sequences were amplified from lung tissues of A. peninsulae by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Alignment and comparison of the 324 nucleotide of G2 region of M-genomic segment diverged 4.6% and 0% at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, and complete N protein-coding region of S-genomic segment diverged 3.7% and 1.4% nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. This is the report to spill-over on the hantaan virus from A. peninsulae to A. peninsulae in Korea.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Gyeonggi-do* ; Hantaan virus ; Hantavirus Infections ; Hantavirus* ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Humans ; Korea ; Lung ; Muridae ; Murinae* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Puumala virus ; Rodentia ; Seoul virus

BACKGROUND: Hantavirus are widely distributed in rodents populations even in geographical areas where hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) has not been reported. Multiple species of Murid and Arvicolid rodents serve as the natural reservoirs of hantaviruses. Serologic diagnosis using hantaviral antigens indicates that hantaviruses are widely distributed in wild rodents. This study was designed to find the distribution of hantaviruses among wild rodents and small mammals in Korea, 1995-1996. METHODS: Rodents were trapped alive in selected areas. A total of 551 wild rodents from 7 species and 97 small mammals from 4 species were captured in Korea. Serologic evidence for hantavirus infection were tested using five hantavirus antigens by indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFA). Among 162 Apodemus agrarius, 23 Apodemus peninsulae, 8 Clethrionomys regulus, 6 Microtus fortis, 1 Mus musculus, 283 Tamias sibiricus, 68 Sciurus vulgaris, 14 Crocidura laciura, 80 Lepus sinensis, 2 Capereolus capereolus and 1 Nyctereutes procyonoides. RESULTS: 29 A. agrarius, 2 A. peninsulae, 1 C. laciura, 2 C. regulus, 27 T. sibiricus and 7 S. vulgaris were seropositive against Hantaan virus and 7 L. sinensis were IF antibody positive against Seoul virus. Some of Tamias sibiricus were only seropositive against Puumala virus or prospect hill virus. CONCLUSION: This data suggests that new serotypes of hantavirus might distribute among rodents in Korea.
Animals ; Arvicolinae ; Diagnosis ; Hantaan virus ; Hantavirus Infections* ; Hantavirus* ; Hares ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Korea* ; Mammals ; Mice ; Muridae ; Murinae ; Puumala virus ; Raccoon Dogs ; Rodentia* ; Sciuridae ; Seoul virus

No abstract available.
Birds* ; Chiroptera* ; Hantavirus Infections* ; Hantavirus* ; Korea* ; Seroepidemiologic Studies*

Animals ; China ; Hantavirus Infections ; veterinary ; Rodent Diseases ; virology

Hantaan virus is widely distributed among rodent populations in Korea. Two antigenically distinct hantaviruses were isolated from Apodemus agrarius in 1976 and Rattus norvegicus in 1980 in Korea. This study was designed to investigate the serological evidence of hantavirus infection among indegenous wild rodents, which were captured in 11 mountains located in Kyunggi, Kangwon, Chungnan, Chunbug and Kyungnam province of South Korea. A total 252 wild rodents of 3 species were trapped from Myungsung Mt., Chumbong Mt., Kali Mt., Hansuk Mt., Chachil peak, Kyebang Mt., Odae Mt., Kyerong Mt., Kaya Mt., Togju Mt. and Chiri Mt. in 1997. Serologic test for hantavirus infection was performed using hantavirus antigens by indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique. Among 122 Apodemus agrarius, 88 Apodemus peninsulae and 42 Eothenomys regulus; 18 A. agrarius (14.8%), 12 A. peninsulae (13.6%) and 4 E. regulus (9.5%) were immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) positive against hantaan virus. IFA titers 3 Eothenomys regulus sera were higher against puumalavirus than hantaan virus. These data imply that above three species of rodent might be natural reservoirs of hantaviruses in Korea.
Animals ; Gangwon-do ; Gyeonggi-do ; Gyeongsangnam-do ; Hantaan virus ; Hantavirus Infections* ; Hantavirus* ; Korea* ; Murinae ; Rats ; Rodentia ; Seroepidemiologic Studies* ; Serologic Tests