Purpose: This study uses a descriptive research design to identify the influence of critical thinking disposition, deep approaches to learning, and interaction between learners on the degree of nursing process confidence for nursing students. Methods: The subjects of the study were second-year students in the department of nursing at a university in G city. The data included general characteristics, critical thinking disposition, deep approaches to learning, learner-to-learner interaction, and nursing process confidence were analyzed utilizing an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe’s test to identify differences in the variables according to general characteristics. To identify the correlation between the factors related to the nursing process and nursing process confidence, Pearson's correlation was analyzed, and hierarchical regression was used to determine the factors affecting the confidence of the subject's nursing process. Results: Gender, critical thinking disposition, and in-depth learning approach were statistically significant as factors affecting the nursing process confidence of nursing students, and these factors were shown to explain 62% of nursing course performance (F=23.80, p<.001), among which in-depth learning access has the greatest influence (ß=.41, p<.001). Conclusion Critical thinking disposition and deep approaches to learning arbitration program development are necessary to improve nursing students’ nursing process confidence.

Purpose: This study uses a descriptive research design to identify the influence of critical thinking disposition, deep approaches to learning, and interaction between learners on the degree of nursing process confidence for nursing students. Methods: The subjects of the study were second-year students in the department of nursing at a university in G city. The data included general characteristics, critical thinking disposition, deep approaches to learning, learner-to-learner interaction, and nursing process confidence were analyzed utilizing an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe’s test to identify differences in the variables according to general characteristics. To identify the correlation between the factors related to the nursing process and nursing process confidence, Pearson's correlation was analyzed, and hierarchical regression was used to determine the factors affecting the confidence of the subject's nursing process. Results: Gender, critical thinking disposition, and in-depth learning approach were statistically significant as factors affecting the nursing process confidence of nursing students, and these factors were shown to explain 62% of nursing course performance (F=23.80, p<.001), among which in-depth learning access has the greatest influence (ß=.41, p<.001). Conclusion Critical thinking disposition and deep approaches to learning arbitration program development are necessary to improve nursing students’ nursing process confidence.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to understand low-income elders' experiences of community-based u-Health services. METHODS: Qualitative data were collected from 11 participants. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcribed data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Three themes and eight sub-themes emerged as a result of analysis. The three main themes were 'recovered confidence and health condition,' 'trial and error in change,' and 'hope.'The eight sub-themes were 'the burden and efforts to overcome it in using bio-signal device,' 'ambivalence due to changing lifestyle,' 'increase of care time, decrease of pressure', 'conflict under environmental constraints,' 'difficulty in prioritizing health management,' 'discouragement in handling new devices,' 'desire not to be a burden to their children-gradual fulfillment of learning needs,' and 'long for broadening coverage range of services.' CONCLUSION: The findings of this study demonstrate that low-income elders among the participants have different needs in using u-Health services. Therefore, health professionals need to give personalized education to deal with their conflicts and requirements, especially emotional and environmental support in order for them to successfully accept the u-Health services for self-care.
Aged ; Education ; Health Occupations ; Humans ; Learning ; Qualitative Research ; Self Care ; Telemedicine ; Vulnerable Populations

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate the effects that the structured pamphlet and education through tablets regarding the daily life management and disease nursing education program has towards pneumonia patients in compliance, and self-efficacy. Methods: This study used the quasi-experimental study design based upon the nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. A total of 100 patients-50 patients who were hospitalized February 2020 as the control group and 50 patients who were hospitalized March 2020 as the experimental group – were used as material for the statistical analysis. These data were analyzed with a significance level of p< .05 using the SPSS WIN 21.0 program. Results: The patients’ compliance, and self-efficacy had no significance difference between the two previous scores, meaning homogeneity in the two groups. Through verifying the experimental group who had disease and daily-life managing nursing education will have higher scores in compliance (t= 20.95, p< .001), and self-efficacy (t= 17.24, p< .001) than the control group who had not received those education, were statistically significantly different leading to all hypothesis being supported. Conclusion For improving pneumonia patients’ compliance, the methods should be simple, easy to understand, effective in numerous clinical situations, require constant education and reinforcement, and periodic nursing education program.

Purpose: The study aimed to determine the key factors influencing health-promoting behavior and the behavioral intentions of eHealth consumers based on the health promotion model and technology acceptance model. Methods: This research involved a longitudinal path analysis. The study was conducted with 360 eHealth consumers aged over 18 years, employed in the top five categories of the Korean standard classification of occupations, and living in the five largest cities in South Korea. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 25.0. Results Health-promoting behaviors were directly supported by prior health-related behavior and behavioral intention, and indirectly supported by perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived benefit, self-efficacy, and behavioral intention. These variables accounted for 36.3% of the variance in health-promoting behavior. Conclusion: The findings serve as a framework that can help health professionals and health information providers understand how to encourage consumers using eHealth to engage in health-promoting behaviors.

Purpose: This descriptive research study attempted to determine how general hospital nurses’ awareness of the importance of patient safety management and patient safety competency affected patient safety management activities. Methods: From September 13 to 26, 2022, a survey was administered to 230 ward nurses who provided direct care to patients at five non-accredited general hospitals being evaluated for accreditation located in metropolitan cities. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, the t-test, one-way analysis, the Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression using SPSS for Windows version 26.0. Results: In total, 221 (96.1%) respondents were female. The average age was 32.2 years, and the average clinical experience was 3.5 years; 196 participants (85.2%) were general nurses. Patient safety competency (β = .44, p < .001), awareness of the importance of safety management (β = .31, p < .001), and medication error experience (β = -.15, p = .002) all had statistically significant associations with patient safety management activities. The explanatory power of these variables for patient safety management activities was 50.7%. Conclusion This study confirmed that patient safety competency, awareness of the importance of patient safety management, and experience with medication errors significantly influenced patient safety management activities.

Purpose: The study aimed to determine the key factors influencing health-promoting behavior and the behavioral intentions of eHealth consumers based on the health promotion model and technology acceptance model. Methods: This research involved a longitudinal path analysis. The study was conducted with 360 eHealth consumers aged over 18 years, employed in the top five categories of the Korean standard classification of occupations, and living in the five largest cities in South Korea. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 25.0. Results Health-promoting behaviors were directly supported by prior health-related behavior and behavioral intention, and indirectly supported by perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived benefit, self-efficacy, and behavioral intention. These variables accounted for 36.3% of the variance in health-promoting behavior. Conclusion: The findings serve as a framework that can help health professionals and health information providers understand how to encourage consumers using eHealth to engage in health-promoting behaviors.

Purpose: The study aimed to determine the key factors influencing health-promoting behavior and the behavioral intentions of eHealth consumers based on the health promotion model and technology acceptance model. Methods: This research involved a longitudinal path analysis. The study was conducted with 360 eHealth consumers aged over 18 years, employed in the top five categories of the Korean standard classification of occupations, and living in the five largest cities in South Korea. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 25.0. Results Health-promoting behaviors were directly supported by prior health-related behavior and behavioral intention, and indirectly supported by perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived benefit, self-efficacy, and behavioral intention. These variables accounted for 36.3% of the variance in health-promoting behavior. Conclusion: The findings serve as a framework that can help health professionals and health information providers understand how to encourage consumers using eHealth to engage in health-promoting behaviors.

Purpose: The study aimed to determine the key factors influencing health-promoting behavior and the behavioral intentions of eHealth consumers based on the health promotion model and technology acceptance model. Methods: This research involved a longitudinal path analysis. The study was conducted with 360 eHealth consumers aged over 18 years, employed in the top five categories of the Korean standard classification of occupations, and living in the five largest cities in South Korea. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 25.0. Results Health-promoting behaviors were directly supported by prior health-related behavior and behavioral intention, and indirectly supported by perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived benefit, self-efficacy, and behavioral intention. These variables accounted for 36.3% of the variance in health-promoting behavior. Conclusion: The findings serve as a framework that can help health professionals and health information providers understand how to encourage consumers using eHealth to engage in health-promoting behaviors.

Background: Studies have shown that adequate protein intake (API) in patients with diabetes is associated with a reduction in cardiovascular risk factors. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) has emerged as a new screening test to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to investigate the association between protein intake and hs-CRP levels in elderly Korean patients with diabetes. Methods: Data were derived from the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016–2018). Participants included 889 adults aged 65 years or older with diabetes. They were grouped by dietary protein intake per body weight (g/kg BW) into a low protein intake group (LPI, <1.0 g/kg BW) and adequate protein intake group (API, ≥1.0 g/kg BW). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the association between protein intake and hs-CRP levels. Results: The mean hs-CRP level was significantly higher in the LPI group than in the API group (1.3±1.6 mg/L vs. 1.0±1.0 mg/L). In model 1, which was adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and waist circumstance, hs-CRP was decreased by 7.8% (P=0.024) in the API group compared to that in the LPI group. In model 3, which was additionally adjusted for smoking, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and highdensity lipid cholesterol, hs-CRP was decreased by 7.1% in the API group compared to that in the LPI group (P=0.036). Conclusion There was a significant negative correlation between protein intake and hs-CRP in elderly Korean patients with diabetes. Therefore, this study provides some evidence that adequate protein intake should be recommended to reduce cardiovascular risk in elderly patients with diabetes.