Objective To investigate whether VHD prefabricated foot orthoses can reduce the incidence of lower limb overuse injury (LLOI) in naval recruits. Methods Totally 400 recruits who underwent enlistment training were enrolled and randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=200) and control group (n=200). During the enlistment training,the recruits in the intervention group wore VHD prefabricated foot orthoses,while those in the control group did not wear foot orthoses. Questionnaire survey was conducted 1 week later,and the foot orthoses of those recruits with adverse events were remoulded. The health data of recruits were collected again by questionnaire survey and physical examination 12 weeks later.The primary outcome was the incidence of LLOI. The secondary outcomes included the type of LLOI,the lost training time due to LLOI,the comfort score of the foot orthoses,and the adverse events. Results There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics between the 2 groups (P>0.05). A total of 76 cases of LLOI was recorded,including 24 cases (12％) in the intervention group and 52 cases (26％) in the control group. Plantar fasciitis was the most common type of LLOI. The lost training time of the intervention group and the control group were 51 d (2.12 d for each one) and 123 d (2.37 d for each one),respectively. The comfort scores of the foot orthoses at 1 week and 12 weeks were 3.76±1.87 and 2.03±1.74,respectively. The incidences of adverse events in 1 week and 3 months were 18％ (36/200) and 5％ (10/200),respectively. The most common adverse event was arch pain. Conclusion VHD prefabricated foot orthoses can reduce the incidence of LLOI and lost training time due to LLOI in recruits,with good wearing comfort and less adverse events.