Objective To explore the pain catastrophizing(PC)level of pain in patients with multiple fractures and its influencing factors.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to investigate 156 patients with multiple fractures in the orthopedic trauma department of the First Affilia-ted Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.The questionnaire included a general information survey,a Digital Pain Rating Scale,PC scale,Positive and Negative Emotion Scale,and Social Rating Scale.Results The average PC score of patients with multiple fractures was(23.22±12.05),with 27 pa-tients(17.20％)reaching the PC level.The average score of the Digital Pain Rating Scale was(6.30±1.49),the score of the Positive Emotion Scale was(27.92±6.06),the score of the Nega-tive Emotion Scale was(23.18±7.00),and the total score of the Social Rating Scale was(27.90±4.61).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that pain score,negative emotion level,and social support level had predictive effects in PC among patients with multiple fractures.Conclusion The incidence of PC among patients with multiple fractures is at a moderate to high lev-el.Patients with high pain scores,high negative emotion scores,and low social support are more likely to develop PC.

Objective To explore the pain catastrophizing(PC)level of pain in patients with multiple fractures and its influencing factors.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to investigate 156 patients with multiple fractures in the orthopedic trauma department of the First Affilia-ted Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.The questionnaire included a general information survey,a Digital Pain Rating Scale,PC scale,Positive and Negative Emotion Scale,and Social Rating Scale.Results The average PC score of patients with multiple fractures was(23.22±12.05),with 27 pa-tients(17.20％)reaching the PC level.The average score of the Digital Pain Rating Scale was(6.30±1.49),the score of the Positive Emotion Scale was(27.92±6.06),the score of the Nega-tive Emotion Scale was(23.18±7.00),and the total score of the Social Rating Scale was(27.90±4.61).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that pain score,negative emotion level,and social support level had predictive effects in PC among patients with multiple fractures.Conclusion The incidence of PC among patients with multiple fractures is at a moderate to high lev-el.Patients with high pain scores,high negative emotion scores,and low social support are more likely to develop PC.

Objective    To explore our novel strategy of surgical treatment for ventricular septal rupture (VSR) and the long-term outcomes. Methods    All the patients referred to the Center of Adult Surgery, Fuwai Hospital were treated with integration treatment of vasoactive agents, intra-aortic balloon pump, or left ventricular assist device. The timing of surgical treatment was individually customized. One hundred and five consecutive patients with VSR (63 males, 42 females ) presented at the mean age of 63 (range, 41 to 80) years. We retrospectively analyzed the results and followed up patients who survived the surgical procedure. Results     They were divided into a hemodynamics stable group (25 patients, 2 received emergent operation and 23 received selective operation) and a hemodynamics unstable group (80 patients, 34 received vasoactive agents and selective operation, 4 received vasoactive agents and emergent operation, 20 received vasoactive agent, intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP), and selective operation, 16 received vasoactive agents, IABP, and emergent operation, 2 received vasoactive agents, IABP, ventilator support, and selective operation, 2 received vasoactive agents, IABP, and ventilator support and emergent operation, 2 received vasoactive agents, ventilator support, and selective operation). There were 3 in-hospital deaths. Ninety-nine patients were followed up, with a follow-up rate of 97.1%. The mean follow-up time was 76.56±47.78 months. There were 2 late deaths during follow-up. Conclusion    The timing of surgical treatment for ventricular septal rupture should be individually customized. The long-term outcomes of ventricular septal rupture patients who survived the surgery are satisfactory.