Objective:To investigate cytokine(TNF-?,IL-1) effect on apoptosis and express of related protein in thyrocytes and the relationship with pathogenesis in Graves' disease(GD).Methods:To test thyroid tissues from 50 patients with GD Fas expression by immunohistochemical method.Thyroid tissues were collected from samples of GD operation and were cultured by primary culture method.Content of sFas in culture medium was tested by ELISA.Fas/sFas mRNA were tested by RT-PCR.Cytokine inducing apoptosis in Graves' disease showes observation group,normal people showes control group.Results:Compare apoptosis culture rate there is significant difference(P

Objective Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and endoscopic breast conserving surgery (EBCS) has been developed as a potential means for treating breast tumors with minimal disruption to adjacent soft tissues.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cosmetic outcomes of RFA assisted by EBCS on patients with early breast carcinoma (T1 -2 N0-1 M0).Methods Twenty-three patients with biopsy proven invasive breast carcinoma ( ≤3 cm in diameter),were treated with ultrasound (US)guided percutaneous-RFA for the local tumors followed by sentinel lymph node biopsy and endoscopic auxiliary node dissection and lumpectomy.The reactions to breast cosmetics were observed and compared to the conventional approaches using the breast asymmetry score for EBCS and a self -assessment questionnaire targeting objective and subjective data about treatment related breast change.Results Twenty-three patients were successfully treated with RFA.Complete coagulation necrosis of the tumor was visualized at US and mammography in 22 of 23 patients (95.6 ％).22 patients being per formed RFA and EBCS presented little scars and the breasts preserved more cosmetically acceptable than the reported results of traditional protocols.Self-assessment acceptable rate was 100 ％,aesthetic outcome as good or excellent rated in 95.5 ％(21/22).Within the follow-up of above 36 months,there were no local recurrence,metastasis,wound infection or necrosis,nerve damage,haematoma,as well as upper limb swelling or lymphoedema,no reduced upper limb mobility and tumor seeding.Conclusions RFA with endoscopic breast conservation therapy for the treatment of early breast carcinoma is more effective and cosmetically acceptable than the traditional approaches.

With the continuously exploration,in recent years,further understanding of anatomical characteristics of the cervical pedicle brings great breakthrough in cervical pedicle screw implantation.In addition,pedicle screw implantation in cervical spine is considered as a technique with high safety and reliability,which can be widely used in cervical trauma fracture,cervical instability,degenerative,inflammatory,benign or malignant tumor,deformity and other neck diseases.Because of the tremendous differences between upper cervical spine (C1,C2) and lower cervical spine (C3-7) in anatomical morphology,cervical pedicle screw implantation in C1 and C2 differs from in lower cervical spine.Due to the similar structure of C3-7,pedicle screw implantation methods are based on the same principle and sharing a few points in common.The pedicle screw technique can be classified in two groups according to the practice methods:navigation technology and manual placement of cervical pedicle screw.Navigation nailing is considered as reliable,easy handing,and with clear operative vision,however,with disadvantages as complex procedures,highly cost operation equipment,and risk in navigation draft.Therefore,manual placement of pedicle screw is more reasonable and practical comparing with the former.In this study,it analyzed anatomical characteristics of lower cervical pedicle and the measurement of pedicle structure,discussed technique of manual placement of pedicle screw in lower cervical spine and biomechanical study of pedicle screw,and summed up the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of current representative manual placement technology.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of one stage anterior debridement combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of cervical intervertebral space infection.Methods From June 2010 to June 2016,28 cases were fixed by anterior debridement combined with the posterior vertebral pedicle screws for the cervical intervertebral space infection,19 males and 9 females.The average age was 45-74 years (58±14.5 years old).21 cases (75％) were spontaneous infection,of which 6 cases were diabetes mellitus,15 cases were over 60 years old.The remaining 7 cases (25％) were intervertebral space infection after radiofrequency ablation of the cervical spine.All patients were excluded from tuberculosis and Brucella infection.All patients underwent hematological examination,with emphasis on WBC,ESP and CRP.All patients received JOA score before operation,applied antibiotic according to blood culture and drug sensitive test.All patients underwent one stage anterior debridement combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation,and the operative time and bleeding volume were recorded.After the operation,intravenous antibiotic therapy was continued,and the application of antibiotics was guided according to the results of ESP and CRP,and the time for the application of antibiotics was recorded.Follow up was performed at 3 months,6 months and 1 years after operation respectively.The JOA score and postoperative cervical lordosis Cobb angle were recorded.Results All operations were successfully completed in this group.The operation time was 130-225 min,with an average of 145.5±12.7 min.The intraoperative blood loss was 40-100 ml,with an average of 67±35.2 ml.The incision was healed in one stage.The time of application of antibiotics in 28 patients was 21-87 days,with an average of 30.8±8.7 days.The longest application time of antibiotics was 87 days,and no relapse was found during follow-up.The postoperative JOA score increased from 11.3± 1.2 to three months 14.9 ± 1.96 postoperatively and 6 months 15.1 ± 1.55 and 1 years 16.5±0.48 after operation.The JOA score was significantly higher than that before operation.No significant loss and change of the Cobb angle in the cervical spine surgery were found.All cases had good bone graft fusion at 1 years.Conclusion One stage anterior debridement combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation is a safe and effective method for the treatment of cervical vertebra instability and nerve function injury caused by cervical intervertebral space infection.It provides a new way for the treatment of cervical intervertebral space infection.

Objective The single-trial extraction method of evoked potential has been one of the problems in EEG information processing field.According to the characteristics of somatosensory evoked electroencephalogram (EEG) with low signal-to-noise ratio and large parameter variation between trials,a novel single-trial extraction method for evoked potentials was proposed.This method aims to further improve the accuracy and characteristics of the single-trial extraction algorithm,preserve more dynamic characteristics between trials,and improve the estimation accuracy.Methods Based on wavelet filtering and multiple linear analysis,a new single-trial extraction method for EEG P300 parameters was proposed by applying the adaptive dynamic feature library.Four groups of wavelet filtered evoked EEG data were randomly selected,and used to build the feature library using overlapping average method and principal component analysis.For the single-trial extracted EEG data,the component with the highest correlation coefficient related with the current data was selected as the independent variable from the feature library,and the relevant multiple linear regression analysis was conducted.The single-trial evoked potential signal was reconstructed by the regression analysis results,in which the key features such as latency and amplitude were automatically extracted.Results Compared with the benchmark values determined by experts,the proposed algorithn can obtain more accurate estimation values of latency and amplitude in P300 components.The average difference of latency and amplitude by the proposed algorithm is (11.16±8.60) ms and (1.40±1.34)μV,respectively.These two values obtained by the proposed algorithm are much closer to that obtained by the commonly used overlapping average method of (23.26±25.76) ms and (2.52±2.50) μV,respectively.These results show that the proposed algorithm has significant advantages comparing with the traditional multiple linear regression analysis algorithm.Conclusions The dynamic updating principal component sample library of EEG data was applied to wavelet filtering and multiple linear regression,thus the dynamic characteristics were effectively preserved,and the accuracy of parameter estimation was improved.