BACKGROUND:Many previous experiments have confirmed that transforming growth factor?1(TGF-?1) plasmids can inhibit or decrease the injection in nerve transplantation,but there has rare report about their effects on vein transplantation.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the action pathway of immune tolerance of allogenic femoral vein transplantation in rats induced by local injection of TGF-?1.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A randomized block animal observational experiment was performed at Animal Experimental Center of Harbin Medical University from March 2007 to April 2008.MATERIALS:A total of 18 Wistar rats were selected to assign as donors.A total of 48 Sprague Dawley rats were selected to assign as recipients and randomly divided into four groups with 12 rats in each group:autograft,allograft,immunosuppressant,and TGF-?1 groups.METHODS:The rats in the immunosuppressant group were administated(i.p.) cyclosporin A(10 mg/kg) one time per day from three days before transplantation till they were sacrificed.Each rat in the TGF-?1 group was injected 40 ?g TGF-?1 plasmids into two ends of femoral vein.Vein transplantation was performed in the autograft and allograft groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Imaging,histology and immunological assays of these groups were conducted at two weeks after transplantation.RESULTS:In the autograft group,the endothelial cells of vein were flat,and nuclear membrane thickened.In the allograft group,the exfoliated endothelial cells and fragments,as well as subendothelium were observed.In the immunosuppressant group,the nuclear membrane of endothelial cells thickened,and rough endoplasmic reticulum expanded widely.In the TGF-?1 group,the expand of rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial vacuolation were observed.Tight junction could be seen between adjacent cells.Histologic and immunologic parameters in the TGF-?1 group were better than those in the immunosuppressant and allograft groups.The absorbance value of lymphocyte culture in the autograft,allograft,immunosuppressant,and TGF-?1 groups were 1.07?0.14,4.15?0.67,1.77?0.23 and 1.38?0.23,respectively.The absorbance value of lymphocyte culture in the TGF-?1 group was significantly lower than that in the immunosuppressant and allograft groups(P

Objective To establish a method for determining the soybean isoflavones and Monacolin K in fermented soybean product by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Methods The soybean isoflavones and Monacolin K in fermented soybean were separated by HPLC with polaris C18 (2.0 mm?100 mm, 3?m)at 50℃.The mixed solution of water (containing 0.3%phosphatic acid) and acetonitrile was used as mobile phase for gradient elution at a rate 0.30ml/min. And the absorption was measured at 260 nm, 237 nm for the soybean isoflavones and Monacolin K, were determined of soybean isoflavones and Monacolin K in fermented soybean product. Results When the contents of soybean isoflavones and Monacolin K were in 0.2～45mg/L, there was a good linear relationship between absorption and content, by which the average recoveries were 88.9%～101.1% and relative standard deviation ranged between 0.89%～3.19%. Conclusion The method is accurate and reliable for quantitative analysis of the soybean isoflavones and Monacolin K in fermented soybean product.

It's important to find good ways to fix medical equipment in the train when designing and re-constructing a healthy se rvice train for modern war.This article points out some methods for references.

Objective To improve the classroom environment and students' learning effect and in-novation of classroom teaching mode. Method We took stomatology students of Grade 2012 (control group, 60 people) and Grade 2013 (experimental group, 69 people) as research subjects, and in the control group, the traditional teaching method was used, while the experimental group was based on the mixed mode of the flipped classroom. By comparison of the result of questionnaire survey and final examination between the experimental group and control group, we made clear the difference between blended classroom teaching and traditional classroom teaching. SPSS 16.0 was used for statistical analysis and the data was made t test and rank sum test, and the result was showed by rate and (x±s). Result The classroom performance of the control group was (14.78±4.27), and the experimental result was (14.49±4.49), in the experimental group, the internal and external performance of the experimental group was (22.19±7.21), the experimental result was (7.12±1.33). By comparison of the result of examination between the experimental group (49.01±7.28) and control group (46.32 ±7.44), medical immunology test scores were significantly different (P<0.05), and the experimental group was better than the control group. It showed that the mixed teaching model had more advantages in improving the academic performance. The results of questionnaire survey showed that flipped classroom teaching was better than traditional classroom teaching in ability training which included self learning ability (68.18%, 45 people), analysis and problem solving skills (68.18%, 45 people), team work and communication skills (56.06%, 37 people), ability of retain knowledge (46.97%, 31 people), however students who liked and accepted this new teaching model only accounted for about 30.00%. Conclusion Inte-gration of flipped classroom mode with traditional mode will enhance the students' learning efficiency and achievements, as well as promote students' ability.

Objective To explore the microsurgical technique and clinical value of endoscope-assisted microsurgery via the transsphe-noidal approach to the clivus. Methods According to the results of microanatomy of endoscope-assisted via the transsphenoidal approach to sellar and clival area, the clinical data of 12 cases (8 with invasive pituitary adenoma, 3 with chordoma, 1 with chondroma) treated by transsphenoidal approach were studied retrospectively. All cases were followed-up 3 months to 6 years after operation. Results The tumor was totally removed in 8 patients, removed subtotally in 3 patients, and removed partially in 1 patient. 6 patients occurred transient diabetes insipidus, 2 patients with transient cerebrospinal rhinorrhoea. There were no death or intracranial infection. Postoperative follow-up was performed for 3 months to 6 years, No recurrence occurred except for enlargement of 1 chordoma. Conclusion Transsphenoidal approach satisfactorily and quickly reaches and helps remove the larger tumors in sellar and clival area without severe complication. It has the advantages of low incidence of surgical complication and high total removal rate. Endoscope-assisted may be helpful for this approach.

AIM: To study the time-dependent effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the development of cardiac remodeling in untreated streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rats with acute myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: The left anterior descending coronary arteries were ligated 10 weeks after DM induction without any therapy. Transmission electron microscopy, echocardiography, heart weight to tibial length ratios, histological examination, microarray analysis, and real time-PCR were utilized to monitor the changes up to 56 d. RESULTS: After MI, the diabetic rats experienced lower survival rate compared to non-diabetic animals. The pathophysiologic changes indicated that DM accelerated the cardiac remodeling post-infarction. In primary examination, 164 genes related to cardiac remodeling were found to be candidates for hierarchical analysis, such as leucine-rich PPR-motif containing (interleukin-6 signaling pathway), procollagen type I and III, fibronectin-1, RT1, and TIMP-1, etc. The gene expression profile at 14 d in diabetic rats were comparably similar to both 14 d and 28 d in non-diabetic rats, while such changes at 28 d and 56 d in diabetic rats was also similar to the ones at 56 d in non-diabetic rats. CONCLUSION: The accelerated cardiac remodeling of post-infarction in STZ-induced untreated diabetic rats seems be associated with the different profile of gene expressions.

The neural stem cells in Wistar rats were cultured in vitro, purified, and transplanted into C6 glioma model in order to observe their biological characters and provide a basic foundation for treatment of neurological diseases by neural stem cell transplantation. The cells at hippocampal area from gestation 15-day rats were cultured in vitro, and frozen and preserved in liquid nitrogen. C6 tumor-bearing models (n=25) and neural stem cells transplantation models (n=35) were established. When the tumor grew to 3 to 4 weeks, 5 rats in each group were randomly selected for MRI examination. At different intervals, the rats were perfused and sampled for HE staining, GFAP and BrdU immunohistochemical staining. The results showed that after resuscitation of neural stem cells at 1-4 passages, the cell viability was 40%-63% with the difference being not significant. The cells could proliferate, passage, and most cells transplanted into glioma model survived. The mean survival time in neural stem cell transplantation group and control was 4.28 and 3.88 weeks respectively, and the average tumor size in the former was smaller than in the latter. It was concluded that embryonic neural stem cells in rats could proliferate and differentiate, and after resuscitation the biological characteristic and viability of the cells were not influenced. Neural stem cells had inhibitory effects on the growth of glioma cells and could prolong the survival of rat model.
Brain/cytology ; Brain Neoplasms/*therapy ; Cells, Cultured ; Embryonic Stem Cells/cytology ; Embryonic Stem Cells/*transplantation ; Glioma/*therapy ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neurons/*cytology ; Random Allocation ; Rats, Wistar ; Stem Cell Transplantation