AIM: To study the role of acylation stimula ting protein (ASP) in the differentiation of 3T3-F442A preadipocytes. METHODS: Differentiation of 3T3-F442A preadipocytes was induced by ASP. The morphological changes were observed by Oil-Red O staining and the di fferentiation rate was compared. TG synthesis and TG mass in these cells were al so assayed. DNA synthesis was measured by -TdR incorporation. A typical differentiation inducer, insulin, was used as a positive control to compare thes e results. RESULTS: (1) 3T3-F442A preadipocytes were induced to differentia te by ASP alone. Fat droplets were clearly visible in the cytoplasm of 3T3-F442A cells. The differentiation rate was high (90%), but no significant difference w as observed, compared with that in insulin group (95%). (2) In ASP group, TG syn thesis and TG mass were significantly increased, both of them were higher than t hat in control group (P0.05). CONCLUSION: As a new adipocytes hormone, ASP plays an important biological role in the differentiation of preadipocytes.

Objective To ensure the quality of live attenuated measles vaccine on the market,viral titers were determined as the market surveillance test.Methods The measles vaccine was sampled from sites located in 24 provinces (cities,autonomous regions) of China,including provincial CDC,municipal CDC,county CDC,and primary users.The virus titer of samples was tested to evaluate the quality status of measles vaccine on the market.Results For all the 54 lots of measles vaccine sampled in this study,the virus titers were in compliance with the requirements of the China Pharmacopeia Vol.III (2005 edition).In comparison with the original test results provided by the manufacturers,the mean virus titer was decreased 0.2 lg?0.3.Conclusion Viral titers of measles vaccine batches sampled from the market were all in compliance with the requirements of the China Pharmacopeia Vol.III (2005 edition).It showed that the measles vaccine in China market has good stability,and the cold chain system for measles vaccine conveyance and storage could ensure the vaccine efficacy.

Objective To observe the effects of the ethanol extract of thunberg fritillary leaf (EETFL) and the ethanol extract of thunberg fritillary flower (EETFF) on relieving cough, sputum elimination and relieving asthma. Methods The cough relieving effects of EETFL and EETFF were studied in mouse cough model caused by ammonia water and in guinea pig cough model caused by citric acid. The sputum elimination effects of EETFL and EETFF were researched by the observation of tracheal phenol red shedding in mice. The asthma relieving effects were tested by spraying method in guinea pigs. Results EETFL can obviously inhibit the incubation period and cough frequency of the model mice and guinea pigs induced by ammonia water and citric acid (P<0.05), and significantly improve the tracheal phenol red excretion volume in mice (P<0.05), and obviously prolong the incubation period of asthma (P<0.05). EETFF can obviously inhibit the incubation period and cough frequency of the model mice and guinea pigs induced by ammonia water and citric acid (P<0.05), and significantly improve the tracheal phenol red excretion volume in mice (P<0.05), but EETFF couldn’t prolong the incubation period of asthma evidently. Conclusion EETFL has obvious activity of relieving cough, eliminating phlegm and relieving asthma. EETFF has obvious activity of relieving cough and eliminating phlegm, but EETFF has no anti-asthmatic activity under the current dose.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of melformin sustained release tablets in treatment of patients with abnormal glucose tolerance. Methods 78 cases with abnormal glucose tolerances were selected and divided into two groups. Patients in treatment group took melformin sustained release tablets, while patients in control group took normal therapy. The impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and body mass index (BMI) were observed and compared. Results The blood glucose level of OGTT 2 h in treatment group was (7.61±1.04)mmol/L, while it was only (9.96±1.08) mmol/L in control group. The BMI of treatment group was 23.71±3.41, while it was 29.53±3.72 in control group. The glycosylated hemoglobin was (5.79±0.41)%, while it was (6.23±0.52)%in control group. The fasting blood glucose in treatment group was (5.34±0.39)mmol/L and in control group was (8.16±0.48)mmol/L. The differences of those indicators between two groups were signiifcant. Conclusion Melformin gains excellent clinical effects in treating patients with abnormal glucose tolerance. It can adjust blood glucose, improve glucose tolerance, and decrease blood glucose level of OGTT 2 h and BMI effectively.

0.05),and that in valsartan group was higher than that in WKY group(P

Objective To compare the efficacy of sevoflurane-remifentanil and propofol-remifentanil anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for cancer.Methods Sixty ASA Ⅱ - Ⅲ patients aged 65-80 years old with gastric cancer were divided into sevoflurane group(group S) and propofol group (group P), 30 cases in each group.Perioperative hemodynamic variables, bispectral index( BIS ) values and the time of recovery from anesthesia, extubation and awake were recorded as well.Results Compared with those before anesthesia,diastolic blood pressure(DBP),mean arterial pressure(MAP), heart rate(HR) and BItS were signifieanfly decreased (P < 0.05 or < 0.01 ).SBP was higher at cutting skin in group S than that in group P (P < 0.05 ).The depths of anesthesia in both groups were maintained well with BIS in 45-60 and vital signs were stable during operation.The time of recovery from anesthesia, extubafion and awake were shorter in group S [(4.1±2.2),(5.4±2.1),(7.3±2.1)min]thanthoseingroupP [(7.5±3.2),(8.6± 4.2), ( 11.2 ± 4.1 ) min]( P < 0.05 or < 0.01 ).Conclusions Either sevoflurane-remifentanil and propofol-remifentanil anesthesia can be used safely in elderly patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for cancer.Sevotlurane-remifentanil combined with anesthesia provides better hemodynamic stability and faster recovery than propofol-remifentanil combined with anesthesia in elderly patients.

Objective To construct a database for the genetic polymorphism of 19 STR loci in Han population from Hainan province. To investigate the application of 19 STR loci in the paternity testing. Methods The genotypes of 462 unrelated individuals in Hainan were detected with GoldeneyeTM 20A PCR Amplification Kit. 19-STR database was acquired, analyzed and evaluated in 283 paternity testing cases. Results No deviations of allele frequency from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectations were found for Chi-square test (P>0.05). Observed heterozygosity (Hobs) varied between 0.603 and 0.914, total discrimination power (TDP) of 19 STR loci was more than 0.999999999999999, cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) for triplet cases was 0.999999994. In all 283 paternity testing cases, triplets and duos were 170 and 113 respectively; there were 36 (12.7%) excluded cases comparing to 247 confirmed cases (87.3%). 14 mutation events were observed, and all were one-step mutation. Conclusion 14 out of 19 loci showed highly polymorphic in Han population from Hainan, and 19 STR system has high cumulative probability of exclusion and can meet the needs of paternity test of the local region. But mutation should be paid special attention to.

AIM: To study the expression of three kinds of transcriptional factors PPAR?, C/EBP? and C/EBP ?mRNA during differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes induced by acylation stimulating protein. METHODS: There were three groups in the study divided by the difference differentiation inducer: (1) control group: incubating the cells without any inducer; (2) IBMX+DEX group: incubating the cells with IBMX and DEX; (3) ASP group: incubating the cells with ASP, IBMX and DEX. The insulin of the typical hormone cocktail method was taken place by ASP. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were induced to differentiate by 50 mg/L ASP+0.5 mol/L IBMX+1.0 ?mol/L DEX. The cells were harvested on the first day, second day,4th day, 6th day and 8th day after differentiation, then the total RNA of these cells were abstracted. The transcription factors PPAR?, C/EBP?, and C/EBP? mRNA expressions were assayed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: (1) During the differentiation induced by ASP group, PPAR? mRNA expression in the 3T3-L1 cells were very low on the first day after inducing differentiation. The expression was increased lightly on the second and 4th day after inducing differentiation, and it was kept on the high level on the 6th and 8th day after induction. The C/EBP? mRNA was expressed at low level on the first day after inducing differentiation. It was increased significantly on the second day and decreased significantly on the 4th day after induction. C/EBP? mRNA was not be detected on the 6th and 8th day after induction. The expression of C/EBP? mRNA was low on the first day after inducing differentiation. It was increased on the second and 4th day after induction and it was kept on high level on the 6th and 8th day after induction. (2) During the differentiation induced by IBMX+DEX group, PPAR?, C/EBP? and C/EBP? mRNA expressions were increased at the beginning of differentiation, but the levels of expression were lower than those in ASP group. CONCLUSION: The sequential expression of these transcription factors induced by ASP may be the important mechanism for the role of ASP to induce the preadipocytes to differentiate.

AIM: To discuss the effects of phytoestrogenic-genistein on cathepsin K (CK) expression stimulated by interleukin-1α (IL-1α) in osteoclast-like cells (OCLs) . METHODS: The OCLs were isolated from tissue of human giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) . The cells treated with reagents were divided into 7 groups including control (treated with phenol red-free-DMEM), vehicle (treated with 1.2 nmol· L-1 IL- 1α), 10-10-10-6genistein, genistein+ ICI 182.780, and 17[β-estrodiol (17β-E2) group. The cells were treated with 1.2 nmol· L-1IL-1α after pre-treated with genistein or 17β-E2 for 48 h (excluded the control group) . Expression of CK wasdetermined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot in OCLs stimulated by IL-1α in the presence of genistein or 17[β-E2. RESULTS: The obvious increase of expression of CK by IL1α in vehicle group was noted in comparing with control group (P ＜ 0.01 ) . Genistein down-regulated CK gene expression stimulated by IL-1α at the transcription level in a dose-dependent manner (r = 0.68, P ＜ 0.01 ) .Genistein down-regulated CK protein expression stimulated by IL-1α also in a dose-dependent manner (r = 0.61,P ＜ 0.01 ). The effects of genistein were abrogated partly after treatment with the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182.780. CONCLUSION: Genistein inhibits CK expression stimulated by IL-1α partly through estrogen receptor in OCLs.

Objective To analyze the endoscopic features of patients with the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and crural diaphragm (CD) separation and explore its significance in hiatus hernia (HH) diagnosis.Methods From January 2011 to June 2012,the data of patients underwent esophagus high resolution manometry (HRM) examination were retrospectively analyzed and of which the patients with LES-CD separation were selected.Patients who received digestive tracts operation or lack of complete endoscopic date were excluded.A total of 93 cases were enrolled for analysis.According to Chicago Criteria,the cases were divided into three groups.There were 21 cases in type Ⅰ group (LES-CD separation＜1 cm),37 cases in type Ⅱ group (LES-CD separation≥l cm and ＜2 cm),35 cases in type Ⅲ group (LES-CD separation≥2 cm).The differences among groups in endoscopic features were analyzed.HRM were taken as golden standard,the sensitivity and specificity of endoscopy in HH diagnosis were analyzed.Measurement data were expressed as x ± s,one-way ANOVA was performed for multi-groups comparisons,LSD method or Dunnett T3 test for pairwise comparisons and chi-square test or Fisher's exact test for two groups' comparisons.Results There were no significant differences in the distance between esophagus gastric junction (EGJ) and foreteeth of the three groups (P＞0.05).Distances between EGJ and diaphragmatic HH pressure impression in type Ⅲ group,type Ⅱ group and type Ⅰ group were (3.57±0.78) cm,(1.89±0.81) cm and (1.14±0.67) cm,respectively and the differences were significant (LSDt=9.26,11.44,3.57; all P＜0.05).The percentage of continuously-open cardia and showing pressure impression of the gastric pouch of type Ⅲ group was higher than that of type Ⅱ group and the percentage of continuously-open cardia and showing pressure impression of gastric poach of type Ⅱ group was higher than that of type Ⅰ group (80.0％,40.5％ and 4.8％,x2 =11.64,29.76 and 8.59; 91.4％,27.0％ and 4.8％,x2 =30.69,40.73 and 4.32' all P＜0.05).The occurrence rates of the His angle blunting and sac of type Ⅲ group were higher than those of typeⅡ group and type Ⅰ group (74.3％ and 77.1％,24.3％ and 24.3％,4.8％ and 4.8％,x2 =17.97 and 25.41,both P＜0.05),there was no significant difference between type Ⅱ group and type Ⅰ group (P＞0.05).The rates of esophagitis of type Ⅲ group and type Ⅱ group were higher than that of type Ⅰ group (71.4％,59.5％ and 14.3％,x2 =17.14 and 11.15,both P＜0.05),there was no significant difference between type Ⅲ group and type Ⅱ group (P＞0.05).There was one case of Barrett's esophagus in each group.The sensitivity and specificity of endoscopy in HH diagnosis were 91.4％ and 81.0％,respectively.Conclusions The distance between EGJ and hiatal pressure impression,continuously-open cardia,the His angle blunting,hiatal pressure impression of the gastric pouch and hernia sac were important indicators of HH endoscopic features.The sensitivity of endosocopy is higher than the spcificity of endosocopy in HH diagnosis.