Objective To evaluate primary open reduction and wire-pin fixation for total dislocation of talus.Methods A retrospective study was conducted of the 12 patients who had been admitted into our hospital from October 2009 to December 2013 for total talar dislocation without fracture of the talar neck or body and had been available for complete follow-up.They were 10 males and 2 females.Their range of age was from 17 to 56 years (average,34.2 years).The total dislocation was open in 4 cases and close in 8.All of them underwent primary open reduction and wire-pin fixation.The functions of ankle joint and hindfoot were evaluated according to the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scale.Results The follow-up time ranged from 22 to 72 months (average,35.6 months).Postoperatively,one case suffered skin necrosis and another superficial infection,both of whom responded to skin flap transferring after debridement.Traumatic arthritis of the talotibial or subtalar joint was found more or less in 7 cases,one of whom complained of severe pain but refused the subtalar arthrodesis advised.Their AOFAS scores at the final follow-up ranged from 42 to 96 points (average,72.2 points).Five cases developed avascular necrosis of the talus,but no talar collapse happened.Conclusions Primary open reduction and wire-pin fixation is effective for treatment of close total talar dislocation and open total dislocation of Gustilo type Ⅲ A or below.Although avascular necrosis and traumatic arthritis are common postoperative complications,satisfactory functions can be achieved if there is no collapse,severe pain or infection.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for determining nectandrin B in Uygur medicine Arillus Myristicae. Meth-ods:The analysis was performed on a SunFireTM C18 column (150 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) at 30°C using methanol /water (52 ∶48) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1 with the UV detection wavelength at 228. 4 nm. Results:The linear range of nectan-drin B was 3. 98 -79. 60 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 2). The average recovery was 99. 89% with RSD of 1. 11%(n=6). Conclusion:The method is accurate, convenient and reproducible in the determination of nectandrin B in Uygur medicine Arillus Myristicae.

Zebrafish toxicity assessment system is one of the important vertebrate model systems. Zebrafish is playing an increas-ingly important role in the field of toxicology studies because of its small size, short generation cycle, the transparent embryo and high reproductive rate. Now it is widely used in the embryonic derelopmental toxicology, pathological toxicology, environmental toxicology and other areas of toxicology studies with its unique advantages.

Objective To investigate the effects of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) and phospholipase D2 (PLD2) on the proliferation and apoptosis of a human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431.Methods Three small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were constructed targeting the AQP3 and PLD2 genes separately,and transfected into A431 cells using liposomes.Then,fluorescence quantitative PCR was performed to find the most efficient siRNAs.Western blot was conducted to detect the protein expression levels of AQP3 and PLD2 in A431 cells after transfection with the selected AQP3-siRNA and PLD2-siRNA.Some A431 cells were divided into five groups:normal control group without any treatment,transfection reagent group treated with the oligofectamine reagent only,negative control group transfected with the negative control siRNA,AQP3-siRNA group transfected with the selected AQP3-siRNA,PLD2-siRNA group transfected with the selected PLD2-siRNA.After additional culture,cell counting kit-8 assay was performed to evaluate the proliferation of A431 cells,flow cytometry to detect the apoptosis of A431 cells after annexin V-fluorescein isocyanate/propidium iodide double-staining.Statistical analysis was carried out by the paired t test.Results The transfection with AQP3-siRNA and PLD2-siRNA induced a significant decrease in the mRNA and protein expressions of AQP3 and PLD2 respectively in A431 cells when compared with the untransfected cells.Compared with the negative control group,the proliferation of A431 cells was significantly decelerated at 24,48 and 72 hours after transfection in the AQP3-siRNA group (t =24.10,11.00,9.54,respectively,all P ＜ 0.01) and PLD2-siRNA group (t =30.47,7.02,8.73,respectively,all P ＜ 0.01).A significant increase was observed in the apoptosis of A431 cells at 48 and 72 hours after transfection with AQP3-siRNA (t =11.36,20.91,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01),and at 72 hours after transfection with PLD2-siRNA (t =4.86,P ＜ 0.05) compared with the negative control group.Conclusion The down-regulation of AQP3 and PLD2 expressions by siRNA can inhibit the proliferation,but induce the apoptosis,of A431 cells.

ObjectiveTo validate the feasibility and accuracy of right ventricular (RV) volume and systolic function with single cardiac cycle real-time three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography. MethodsThree-dimensional images of RV and left ventricle (LV) were obtained in 122 healthy adults by 3D matrix array transducer. The end systolic volume (ESV), end diastolic volume (EDV), stroke volume (SV) and ejection fraction (EF) were measured by RV analysis and LV analysis software. To validate the reliability of measurement of right ventricle by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography, the correlations of RV functional parameters and multiple parameters (such as age, gender and body surface area) were analyzed. And the correlation and difference between different modalities of left ventricle and right ventricle were compared.Results3D-RVEF was (55.66±13.97)%, 3D-RVEDV was (68.24±40.19) ml, 3D-RVESV was (30.09±19.14) ml and 3D-RVSV was (38.30±26.10) mL. RVSV and RVEF of normal men were larger than those of normal women, but no statistical difference were found [(40.15±26.15) mlvs (36.11±25.60) ml, (55.69±14.57)%vs (55.62±13.36)%, bothP>0.05]. RV related function parameters had no relevant correlation with age (P>0.05). Body surface area was weakly related to RVEDV, RVESV and RVSV (r=0.236, 0.247 and 0.178, allP<0.05). BSA had no correlation with RVEF. 3D-RVSV and 3D-RVEDV were weakly positively correlated with 3D-LVSV and 3D-LVEDV (r=0.215 and 0.201, bothP<0.05). 3D-RVEF and 3D-RVESV were not correlate with 3D-LVEF and 3D-LVESV.ConclusionThe single cardiac cycle real-time three-dimensional echocardiography is a simple and feasible method for assessment of right ventricular function and can quantify right ventricular contractive function precisely.

Objective To inVestigate the effect of emodin on hyPertroPhic scar fibroblasts ( HSFs ) and exPlore the underlying mechanism. Methods HSFs were treated by emodin at final concentrations of 0,20,40,and 80 μmol·L-1, resPectiVely,in the cultural media. Forty_eight hours later,the cells were subjected to MTS assay and flow cytometry assay with annexin V and ProPidium iodide as dyeing indicators. Whole cell lysates from the cells of eVery grouP were subjected to Western blotting to measure the Protein exPression leVels of ERK1∕2,Bcl_2,Mcl_1 and RIP1. Results The cell Viability of HSFs was inhibited by emodin in a dose dePendent manner. The mortality rate of HSFs treated with emodin for 48 h at the concentrations of 40 and 80 μmol·L-1 were 28. 6%and 68. 0%,resPectiVely,which was significantly higher than that of the control grouP ( P<0.01).Pretreatmentwith Z_VAD_FMK could Partially reduce the mortality caused by emodin (P<0.05).PhosPhorylation of ERK1∕2 and the exPression of RIP1 and Mcl_1 were inhibited by emodin. Conclusion Down regulation of ERK1∕2,RIP1 and Mcl_1 by emodin may account for the inhibited Proliferation and increased cell death of HSFs.

Ion trap performances are investigated based on digital ion trap technique with different collision gases at different pressures. Collision gases of helium (4 amu), nitrogen (28 amu) and argon (40 amu) with various pressures are adopted in ion excitation and dissociation stages to investigate the ion trap performances, including mass resolution, signal intensity, tandem mass spectrometric analysis ability and low-mass cut off (LMCO) effect. It is found that when heavy gas of argon is used, energy can be efficiently transferred and LMCO effect is decreased with higher ion capture and dissociation efficiencies but with low mass resolution. Higher mass resolution is realized with helium as collision gas. Furthermore, at the same gas pressure, heavy gas is beneficial to abundant fragment ions and structural information of precursor ion.

Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of individual dose of intravitreal conbercept (IVC) in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) before type 1 threshold.Methods:A retrospective case study. From January to July, 2019, 23 cases (46 eyes) of children with type 1 pre-threshold ROP were included in the study. Among them, 14 cases (28 eyes) were male and 9 cases (18 eyes) were female. The mean gestational age at birth was 28.06±1.73 weeks. The average birth weight was 1.14±0.19 kg. The mean corrected gestational age was 34.38±1.41 weeks at the time of first intravitreal injection of IVC. The axial length (AL) of children was measured by A-mode ultrasound before IVC for the first time. According to the calculation of AL, the corresponding injection dose range was 14.23-16.19, 16.20-17.57, 17.58-18.63 mm and the injection dose of IVC was 0.015, 0.020, 0.025 ml (including IVC was 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 mg, respectively). The first IVC dose was 0.015 ml. On the first day before IVC and on the first and seventh days after IVC, 2 ml of arterial blood was taken from children, serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration was detected. The follow-up time after treatment was ≥1 year. After one year of follow-up, the effective rate and recurrence rate of IVC for the first time were tested by χ2 tests. The short-term changes of injection times, injection intervals, retinal vascularization time and serum VEGF concentration in children were tested by t test. Results:Retinal neovascularization subsided and vascular buckling decreased in all eyes. Iris neovascularization subsided, 1-3 weeks after IVC for the first time. Within one year after the first IVC, 16 eyes underwent IVC twice with or without new blood vessels at the junction of the vascular area. The average corrected gestational age was 40.56±3.81 weeks. The injection dose of IVC was 0.015 ml and 0.020 ml for 2 eyes and 14 eyes, respectively.The mean interval from IVC for the first time was 40.89±8.99 days. Of the 16 eyes who underwent IVC twice, 8 eyes showed neovascularization again in the retinal area with or without blood vessels. The average corrected gestational age was 43.00±1.41 weeks. The injection dose of IVC was 0.020 ml and 0.025 ml for 3 eyes and 5 eyes, respectively. The mean interval of the second IVC was 28.60±6.07 days. The mean interval from the first IVC was 69.20±12.40 days. At the end of follow-up, all eyes were treated effectively (100%, 46/46). The mean time of retinal vascularization was 46.31±3.42 weeks. The average number of injections was 1.52±0.76. On the first day before IVC and on the first and seventh days after IVC, the average serum VEGF concentrations were 111.21±148.71, 25.60±27.71 and 42.99±38.01 pg/ml, respectively. Serum VEGF concentration was significantly lower than that before IVC on the 1st and 7th day after IVC ( Z=-4.054, -2.779; P<0.05). Serum VEGF concentration was higher 7 days after IVC than 1 day after IVC, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-2.505, P<0.05). All eyes were not treated by laser photocoagulation or vitrectomy. No eye complications such as lens opacification, endophthalmitis and retinal detachment related to drugs or treatment methods were found in all patients. Conclusion:Intravitreal injection of individualized dose of IVC is effective in the treatment of type 1 pre-threshold ROP. Seven days after treatment, serum VEGF concentration of patients’serum decreases.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on inflammatory response during the perioperative period in patients with acute craniocerebral trauma.Methods Seventy ASA Ⅰ-Ⅳ patients of both sexes,aged 20-68 yr,with craniocerebral trauma,who required decompressive craniectomy within the next 24 h,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =35 each) ∶ control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl,propofol and cisatracurium and maintained with remifentanil,sevoflurane and propofol and intermittent iv boluses of cisatracurium.In group D,dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg was infused over 10 min,followed by infusion at 0.4 μg· kg-1 · h-1 for 2 h.Venous blood samples were taken before induction of anesthesia (baseline),2 h after the beginning of operation,at the end of operation and at 24 h after operation (T1-T4) to determine the concentrations of serum neurone specific enolase (NSE),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).Results Compared with group C,the concentrations of serum NSE,IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased in group D (P ＜ 0.05).The concentrations of serum NSE,IL-6 and TNF-αwere significantly higher at T2 and T3,and the concentration of serum TNF-α was significantly lower at T4 than at T1 in group C (P ＜ 0.05).The concentrations of serum NSE and IL-6 were significantly higher at T2 and T3 and lower at T4 and the concentration of serum TNF-α was significantly higher at T3 and T4 than at T1 in group D (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine protects the brain against acute craniocerebral trauma by inhibiting systemic inflammatory response during the perioperative period.