Objective:To summarize clinical experience in the management of Abernethy malformation combined with focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH).Methods:Three patients with Abernethy malformation combined with FNH who were managed in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2010 to December 2018 entered into this study. There were one male aged 35 years and two females aged 21 years and three years and nine months, respectively. Patients underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) with balloon dilation, shunt vasulature ligation, portal vein (PV) pressure measurement and other investigations were performed to study the changes of PV pressure before and after treatment.Results:DSA indicated that the congenital portal shunt of the patients was Abernethy deformity Ⅱ and Ⅰb, respectively, and with combined FNH diagnosed preoperatively. One patient was admitted to hospital for partial hepatectomy 5 years ago for the treatment of FNH, which presented with recurrent abdominal pain. The PV pressure increased from 8.5, 9.0, 20.0 cmH 2O(1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa) to 15.0, 21.0, 25.0 cmH 2O after portal cavity shunt vasculature/portal vein ligation and splenic artery ligation/portal body shunt ligation, respectively. The PV blood flow into the liver increased, and DSA suggested shunt vessel occlusion. On follow-up, all patients survived well. Conclusion:Ligation or constriction of shunt vessels significantly improved the flow of PV into liver in Abernethy malformation patients with FNH. The treatment benefited long-term survival.

Objective:To investigate the value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of primary hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods:The clinical data of 100 patients pathologically diagnosed as primary liver cancer who were admitted to the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP), a conventional marker for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis was used as the control. The fourfold table diagnostic test was applied to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of serum NLR in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, and the correlation with the degree of tumor differentiation was also analyzed.Results:The proportion of patients with high NLR (≥1.70) [56% (56/100)] was higher than the proportion of patients with positive AFP [44% (44/100)] in all 100 hepatocellular carcinoma patients, but the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2 = 2.88, P = 0.08). Among AFP-positive patients, the median survival time of patients with low and high NLR was 59 and 48 months, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 3.91, P = 0.048), and high NLR was an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients ( HR = 1.232, 95% CI 1.055-1.438, P = 0.008). Conclusions:The detection of NLR combined with AFP can improve the diagnostic rate of hepatocellular carcinoma before surgery. High NLR is an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

ObjectiveTo explore the dose-effect relationship and safety of high， medium， and low doses of raw Astragali Radix in the modified Huangqi Chifengtang （MHCD） for treating proteinuria in immunoglobulin A （IgA） nephropathy， and to provide scientific evidence for the clinical use of high-dose Astragali Radix in the treatment of proteinuria in IgA nephropathy. MethodsA total of 120 patients with IgA nephropathy， diagnosed with Qi deficiency and blood stasis combined with wind pathogen and heat toxicity， were randomly divided into a control group and three treatment groups. The control group received telmisartan combined with a Chinese medicine placebo， while the treatment groups were given telmisartan combined with MHCD containing different doses of raw Astragali Radix （60， 30， 15 g）. Each group contained 30 patients， and the treatment period was 12 weeks. Changes in 24-hour urinary protein （24 hUTP）， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scores， effective rate， and renal function were observed before and after treatment. Safety was assessed by monitoring liver function and blood routine. ResultsAfter 12 weeks of treatment， 24 hUTP significantly decreased in the high， medium， and low-dose groups， as well as the control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The TCM syndrome scores in the high， medium， and low-dose groups also significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Comparisons between groups showed that the 24 hUTP in the high-dose group was significantly lower than in the medium， low-dose， and control groups （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the 24 hUTP in the medium-dose group was significantly lower than in the control group （P<0.05）. The TCM syndrome scores in the high and medium-dose groups were significantly lower than in the low-dose and control groups （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The total effective rates for proteinuria in the high， medium， low-dose， and control groups were 92.59% （25/27）， 85.19% （23/27）， 60.71% （17/28）， and 57.14% （16/28）， respectively. The effective rates in the high and medium-dose groups were significantly higher than in the low-dose and control groups （χ²=13.185， P<0.05， P<0.01）. The effective rates for TCM syndrome scores in the high， medium， low-dose， and control groups were 88.89% （24/27）， 81.48% （22/27）， 71.43% （20/28）， and 46.43% （13/28）， respectively. The efficacy of TCM syndrome scores in the high and medium-dose groups was significantly higher than in the control group （χ²=14.053， P<0.01）. Compared with pre-treatment values， there was no statistically significant difference in eGFR and serum creatinine in the high and medium-dose groups. However， eGFR significantly decreased in the low-dose and control groups after treatment （P<0.05）， and serum creatinine levels increased significantly in the control group （P<0.05）. No statistically significant differences were observed in urea nitrogen， uric acid， albumin， total cholesterol， triglycerides， liver function， and blood routine before and after treatment in any group. ConclusionThere is a dose-effect relationship in the treatment of IgA nephropathy with high， medium， and low doses of raw Astragali Radix in MHCD. The high-dose group exhibited the best therapeutic effect and good safety profile.