[Objective] To discuss the expression and meaning of NOS and BDNF in the lateral zone of rats’ hypothalamus with diabetes. [Method] Inject STZ 50mg/kg into the abdomen for rats model of diabetes, after 1 month, observe the positive neuron expression of LH NOS in rats’ hypothalamus with diabetes with NADPH-d enzyme histo-chemical method, to the positive neuron expression of LH BDNF with NADPH-d immunohisto-chemical method. [Result] The expression of NOS and BDNF is both lowered compared with normal group, P