[Objective]To determine the relation between the total count of the five free anthraquinone(A loe-emodin,Rhein,Emodin,Chrysophanol,Physcion) in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and the decoction time.[Method]HPLC was used with the chromatographic conditions as follows:mobile phase:methanol-0.1% phosphonic acid solution = 85 :15,detection wave length:254nm,flow rate:1.0 ml/min,column temperature:room temperature.The count of the five free anthraquinone in the decoction taken in every 2 minutes after the solution boiled was determined.[Results]During the 22 minutes after the solution was boiled,the total count took on a ascending tendency,afterwards,it took on a descending tendency.[Conclusion]The biggest number of the total count was obtained 20min after the solution was boiled.

Objective To observe the prokinetic effect of domperidone on esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter (LES), and compare its effect with that of mosapride and cisapride. Methods In vivo experiments: forty rats were divided into control, domperidone, mosapride, and eisapride groups. Strain gauges were planted in proximal esophagus, distal esophagus and LES to record the activities of esophagus and LES in conscious rat. In vitro experiments: in the thermostatic muscle bath, the prokinetic effect of domperidone, mosapride, and cisapride on the contractility of rat muscle strips from esophagus body and LES were recorded by tone-transducers. Results In vivo experiments, ① In the interdigestive period of resting conscious rats, only mild contraction activities were recoded in esophagus bodies. In LES, typical interdigestive migrating motor complex (MMC) with phase Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ was recorded. The contraction amplitude of LES was much greater than esophagus body. ② Domperidone significantly enhanced the contraction of esophagus body and LES. The mean contraction amplitude of proximal esophagus, distal esophagus, and LES increased by 63.24%±7.17%, 75.54%±5.27%, and 85.81%±6.02%, respectively, compared with controls. The prokinetic effect showed a dose-effect relation. Mosapride at the same dosage increased the mean contraction amplitude of proximal esophagus, distal esophagus, and LES by 29. 71%±4.15%, 40.15%±3.30%, and 35.24%±5.36%, respectively, compared with controls. The prokinetic effects of mosapride on esophagus and LES were much less than domperidone. Cisapride at the same dosage increased the mean contraction amplitude of proximal esophagus, distal esophagus, and LES by 59.84%±6.55%, 70.11%±5.62%, and 75.13%± 5.10%, respectively, compared with controls. The prokinetic effects of cisapride were similar as domperidone. In vitro experiments. ① Domperidone perfusion could significantly increase the contraction of esophagus body and LES muscle strips by 87.74%±7.65% and 92.44±7.17%, respectively, compared with Krebs-Ringer (KR) solution perfuslon. Mosapride at the same dosage increased the mean contraction amplitude by 35.42%±5.02% and 31.12%±4.32%, respectively, compared with KR controls. The prokinetic effects of mosapride were much less than domperidone. Cisapride of the same dosage showed a similar prokinetic effect as domperidone. ② Atropine and tetrodotoxin could block the prokinetic effects of domperidone on esophagus and LES. Conclusions Domperidone can significantly enhance the esophagus body contraction and LES motility. The effects of domperidone are similar as cisapride and much greater than mosapride. The prokinetic effects of domperidone on esophagus and LES are not only through well-known dopaminergic receptor blockade, but also through the cholinergic nerves of the enteric nervous system.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Aged ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Cardia ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; ultrastructure ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism

Adenoma ; pathology ; Brain Neoplasms ; secondary ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Reoperation ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism ; Temporal Lobe ; pathology

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Humans ; Microtomy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Staining and Labeling ; instrumentation ; methods ; Tongue Neoplasms ; pathology

Base Sequence ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; metabolism ; Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain ; Genes, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Interferon Regulatory Factors ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6

Objective This study was focused on the association between neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with dermatomyositis (DM).Methods Thirty six patients who satisfied the Bohan & Peter criteria for DM were recruited to this study,among whom 19 were complicated with ILD.Forty seven age and sex matched healthy Chinese volunteers were selected to be control subjects.The plasma samples of these patients were tested for the formation and degradation of NETs.Results DM plasma induced more NETs formation than control plasma did [(246±93) RFUs vs (192±53) RFUs,P=0.002].Compared to control,DM plasma exhibited a signficantry decreased ability to degrade NETs.Further mere,compared with DM patients without ILD (DMNL),DM patients with ILD (DML) could not degrade NETs completely [(83±13)％ vs (59±21)％,P＜0.01].All four DM patients with subacute ILD exhibited a significantly lower ability to degrade NETs than patients with chronic or asymptomatic ILD [(36±14)％ vs (65±19)％,P=0.0139].Conclusion These data show that more NETs formation is induced by plasma and DML fails to completely degrade NETs.These suggest that NETs may play a role in the pathogenesis of DM and DM-associated ILD.

Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; MyoD Protein ; metabolism ; Pneumonectomy ; Pulmonary Veins ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Sarcoma, Alveolar Soft Part ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vascular Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To explore the correlations between elevated cfDNA with lupus nephritis and indentify the influencing factors of cfDNA in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods Fifty four patients with SLE [37 patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and 43 age-and sex-matched healthy controls] were included in the study.In 37 LN patients,26 patients were at active stage,and 11 patients were in remission.cfDNA concentration was measured with Picogreen Kit and low-density granulocytes (LDGs) was tested by flowcytometer.Correlation and regression analysis were performed to discover whether cfDNA is related to LN and identify the influencing factor of cffDNA.Results The cfDNA in SLE group was (237±40) ng/ml,which was significantly higher than that in healthy control group (188±41 ng/ml,P＜0.01).cfDNA in LN group was significantly higher than that in patients without LN (NLN) (247±47 ng/ml vs 214±31 ng/ml,P=0.028).cfDNA in patients with active LN was significantly higher than that in patient with inactive LN (RLN) (254±50 ng/ml vs 216±29 ng/ml,P=0.035).In SLE group,cfDNA was positively correlated with quantitative 24-hour urinary protein (r=0.350,P=0.013) and reversely correlated with albumin (r=-0.500,P＜0.01) and endogenous creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) (r=-0.354,P=0.044).Percentage of LDGs in peripheral blood mononuclear ceils (PBMCs) of the SLE group was (8.3± 12.9)％,significantly was higher than that in healthy controls [(1.2±0.7)％,P=0.004].The cfDNA was positively correlated with LDGs (r=0.636,P=0.002) and neutrophils (r=0.599,P＜0.01).Conclusion NETs excessively released by neutrophils as well as LDGs may be one of the main reasons for elevated cfDNA level in SLE.cfDNA level is associated with LN activity,suggesting that there is a intrinsic link between NETs-related biomarkers and active LN and that more specific biomarkers of NETs may become a clinical biomarker for active LN.