No abstract available.
Erythroblastosis, Fetal* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mothers*

No abstract available.
Diabetes Mellitus* ; Tuberculosis*

No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus Infections* ; Cytomegalovirus* ; HIV Infections* ; HIV* ; Humans

The purpose of this study was to compare wage treatment and the employment environment of school foodservice employees before and after conversion to indefinite contract status since September 2012 when the Ordinance on the Appointment of Education Officials (indefinite contract) under the Gangwon Provincial Superintendent of Education was applied as well as to examine the effects of wage treatment and the employment environment on job stability. The questionnaire survey was conducted from March 31 to April 10, 2017 for school foodservice employees working at 97 schools in Gangwon province. A total of 477 questionnaires were distributed and 470 questionnaires were used for the analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Window Ver.18.0. The detailed results of this study were as follows. First, wage treatment (2.29 vs. 3.16), employment environment (3.45 vs. 4.22) and job stability (1.88 vs. 2.35) revealed significantly positive perceptions after conversion to indefinite contract status compared to before conversion. Second, after analyzing leading factors influencing job stability, it was revealed that wage treatment (before: βâ = 0.516, P < 0.05; after: βâ=0.465, P < 0.05) had a positive (+) effect on job stability, whereas employment environment did not affect job stability. In conclusion, in the context that most school foodservice employees are contract employees, this study is significant in that the changes in the employment policies of the national government and education office were confirmed to have effects on school foodservice employees.
Education ; Employment ; Federal Government ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits

OBJECTIVES: Thyroid cancer patients may experience emotional distress during cancer treatment including surgical operation and radioactive iodine treatment. The aims of this prospective study were to investigate changes of anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer(DTC) under preoperative, postoperative and short-term hypothyroidism state. METHODS: Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale(HAD) and the Distress Thermometer, we sequentially assessed the levels of anxiety, depression and distress in 41 DTC patients at 3 time points such as preoperative state, postoperative state and short-term hypothyroidism state. RESULTS: The HAD-anxiety score was significantly higher in preoperative state(6.93+/-3.97) than postoperative state(4.22+/-2.92) and short-term hypothyroidism state(4.93+/-3.64). Any other significant change in depression or distress thermometer score was not observed. Especially, difference of HADS score between the distress and none-distress groups was significant in preoperative state and post-operative state, but the difference become not significant in the short-term hypothyroidism state. CONCLUSIONS: Induced thyroid hormone deficiency during cancer treatment does not significantly affect emotional distress in patient with DTC. Anxiety and depression in these patients may be associated with distress of the patient before active cancer treatment.
Anxiety ; Dapsone ; Depression ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Iodine ; Prospective Studies ; Thermometers ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms

Pulmonary blastoma is a rare lung tumor resembling fetal lung tissue. Pathologically the tumor can be classified to 2 groups, well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma(WDFA) and biphasic blastoma. WDFA has more favorable prognosis with fewer metastasis at initial presentation and fewer recurrence after treatment. We experienced a case of pulmonary blastoma in 32-year-old female patient. The patient was referred to our hospital because of abnormal mass shadow in right middle lobe. The diagnosis of pulmonary blastoma(WDFA type, Stage I T2NOMO) was confirmed after right middle lobectomy. We followed up 22 months without an evidence of recurrence.
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Blastoma* ; Recurrence

Orientia tsutsugamushi is obligate intracellular bacterium that grows within the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic host cells. Therefore capability of the attachment, entry into the host cell and intracellular survival should be critical process for oriential infection. In this study we investigated the cellular invasion mechanism of Orientia tsutsugamushi and the role of transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, which binds diverse components at the cellular microenvironment and is implicated as host cell receptors for a variety of microbial pathogens. First of all Orientia tsutsugamushi can invade a wide range of nonprofessional phagocytic cells including fibroblast, epithelial cells a#nd endothelial cells of various host species, including B and T lymphocytes. Thus, it was postulated that the attachment of O. tsutsugamushi requires the recognition of ubiquitous surface structures of many kinds of host cells. Treatments with heparan sulfate and heparin inhibited the infection of Orientia tsutsugamushi in dose-dependent manner for L cell, mouse fibroblast, whereas other glycosaminoglycans such as chondroitin sulfate had no effect. Collectively, these findings provide strong evidence that initial interaction with heparan sulfate proteoglycan is required for the oriential invasion into host cells.
Animals ; Cellular Microenvironment ; Chondroitin Sulfates ; Cytoplasm ; Endothelial Cells ; Epithelial Cells ; Eukaryotic Cells* ; Fibroblasts ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans ; Heparin ; Heparitin Sulfate ; Mice ; Orientia tsutsugamushi* ; Phagocytes ; T-Lymphocytes

The authors analyzed ultrasonographic findings of 112 cases of trophoblastic disases which were confirmed byD&E or hysterectomy at Wallace Memorial Baptist Hospital from September 1980 to December 1984. The results were asfollows; 1. Of all 112 cases, hydatidiform moles were 99 cases, invasive moles were 3 cases and choriocarcinomas were 10 cases. 2. 81 cases (72%) occurred in 3rd decades. 3. The sized of uterus was large for gestational weeksin 65 cases(56%) and smaller in 13 cases(13%). 4. The contour of uterus was globular in 59 cases(53%), diffuse in49 cases(44%) and nodular in 4 cases(3%). 5. The internal echopatterns of uterus revealed numerous small vesicular snowstorm patterns in all cases, and revealed internal degeneration in 67 cases(60%). 6. Uterine walls in 89 cases(79%) were well delineated but uterine walls in 23 cases(21%) were poor delineated. 7. Multiseptated ovarian thecalutein cysts were seen in 36 cases (32%). 8. Invasive trophoblastic disease(invasive moles 3 cases andchoriocarcinomas 10 cases) revealed similiar ultrasonographic findings with H-mole, but more irregular internalechoes and irregular echoes in uterine wall. 9. Diagnostic accuracy was diagnostic in 98 cases (88%) , nonspecificin 11 cases (10%) and error in 3 cases(2%).
Choriocarcinoma ; Female ; Hydatidiform Mole ; Hydatidiform Mole, Invasive ; Hysterectomy ; Pregnancy ; Protestantism ; Trophoblasts ; Uterus

No abstract available.
Breast* ; Lymphoma*

BACKGROUND: Decision about life sustaining treatments ought to be based on the patient's informed preferences. This study was to see if there were any differences in acceptance by patients, their primary care givers and doctors for end-of-life care according to situations, and if any, to analyse the factors related with different attitudes. METHODS: A structured questionnaire survey of end-of-life care preferences was performed on 162 cancer patients and their primary care givers in four university hospitals and one general hospital from March 1, 1999 to February 29, 2000. A similar survey was done for doctors practicing at the above hospitals during the same period to investigate their attitudes toward providing end-of-life care to an assumed nearly bed-ridden patients. ANOVA, t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare acceptance of intervention among the groups or according to the various situations. Factors presumed to be related to the acceptance were sought and analysed by stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The difference in acceptance of intervention between the primary care giver group and the doctor group was not significant in almost every situation, showing significantly higher than the patient group (P<0.001). All three groups showed higher acceptance when a therapeutic intervention rather than a diagnostic test was proposed (P<0.001), when expected survival was 30 days rather than 7 (P<0.01), and when the therapeutic intervention was thought as non-invasive rather than invasive (P<0.001). The less anxious the patient was, the higher the acceptance from the patient. Patients with a religion had higher acceptance rate than non-religious patients. Primary care givers who expected cure of the disease accepted more of the postulated care than those who did not (P<0.05). Wives or mother-in-laws of patients showed lower acceptance than those in other relationship (P<0.05). The longer the patient had been diagnosed with cancer, the higher the acceptance of the primary care giver (P<0.1). Direct relatives showed higher acceptance than that of collaterals (P<0.1). Family doctors specializing in family medicine had lower acceptance than doctors of other specialties and interns (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The acceptance of intervention by patients was lower than that of primary care givers and doctors and depended on the expected survival and the type of intervention.
Attitude to Death ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Hospitals, General ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Palliative Care ; Primary Health Care* ; Spouses ; Surveys and Questionnaires