1.The Effect of Irradiation on the Expression of PCNA and Apoptosis Induction during the DMBA Induced Carcinogenesis in Hamster Buccal Pouch.
In Seong JEON ; Min Suk HEO ; Hang Moon CHOI ; Sam Sun LEE ; Soon Chul CHOI
Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2000;30(3):207-216
PURPOSE: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of irradiation on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and apoptosis induction during the carcinogenesis in hamster buccal pouch. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three months old Syrian golden hamsters were divided into control and 2 experimental groups. Hamsters in control group were left untreated on buccal pouchs. Twenty four hamsters were treated with 0.5% DMBA tri-weekly on the right buccal pouch. Forty eight hamsters were treated with 0.5% DMBA tri-weekly and irradiated with the dose of 5 Gy and 10 Gy at 6, 9, 12, 15 weeks after DMBA application. Resected buccal pouches were sectioned and examined for potential expression pattern of PCNA and apoptosis. RESULTS: The PCNA index was increased with the stages of buccal pouch epithelium carcinogenesis except the hyperplasia stage in control group (p<0.05). The irradiation did not effect on the PCNA index in the dysplasia and the carcinoma in situ stage, but in the hyperplasia stage, the PCNA index was increased with 10 Gy radiation and decreased in the carcinoma stage (p<0.05). The apoptotic index was significantly decreased from the carcinoma in situ stage and the lowest in the carcinoma stage. The apoptotic index was significantly decreased in the hyperplasia and dysplasia stage with the 5 Gy irradiation and significantly increased only in the carcinoma stage with the 10 Gy irradiation (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The PCNA and apoptotic index were varied according to the irradiation period and dosage in each carcinogenesis stage.
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene*
;
Animals
;
Apoptosis*
;
Carcinogenesis*
;
Carcinoma in Situ
;
Cricetinae*
;
Epithelium
;
Hyperplasia
;
Mesocricetus
;
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*
;
Radiation Dosage
2.Apoptosis in the craniofacial tissues of irradiated growing rats.
Min Suk HEO ; Hang Moon CHOI ; Sam Sun LEE ; Soon Chul CHOI ; Tae Won PARK
Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2001;31(4):227-233
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the apoptosis induction in tissues constituting the craniofacial region of growing rat by irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The submandibular gland, brain, articular cartilage of condylar head, and calvarium were extracted from 20-day-old rats irradiated 10 Gy. Apoptosis of each tissue was examined by DNA fragmentation and estimated quantitatively using apoptotic index on TUNEL assay. Apoptotic index of each tissue was calculated by the equation for apoptotic cells/total cells X1,000 on the images of confocal laser scanning microscopy. Apoptotic index was analyzed statistically according to the time lapse after irradiation on the tissues. RESULTS: In the submandibular gland, apoptotic index was significantly increased from 6 hours after irradiation showing the highest value at 12 hours and decreased to the control level at 3 days after irradiation. In the brain, apoptotic index was abruptly reached to the maximum value at 6 hours after irradiation and decreased to the control level at 4 days after irradiation. Articular cartilage and calvarium showed no or little apoptotic signals. The results obtained by the apoptotic index accorded with that of DNA fragmentation. CONCLUSION: Radiation was closely related with the apoptosis of submandibular gland and brain but, not related with the apoptosis of the articular cartilage of condylar head and calvarium. The changes induced by radiation of the hard tissues would not be explained by apoptosis.
Animals
;
Apoptosis*
;
Brain
;
Cartilage, Articular
;
DNA Fragmentation
;
Head
;
In Situ Nick-End Labeling
;
Microscopy
;
Microscopy, Confocal
;
Rats*
;
Skull
;
Submandibular Gland
3.Attitude of cancer patients, their primary care givers and doctors toward end-of-life care.
Jae Yong SHIM ; Youn Seon CHOI ; Yong Joon KANG ; Hyun Sang CHO ; Hang Suk CHO
Journal of the Korean Academy of Family Medicine 2000;21(4):489-497
BACKGROUND: Decision about life sustaining treatments ought to be based on the patient's informed preferences. This study was to see if there were any differences in acceptance by patients, their primary care givers and doctors for end-of-life care according to situations, and if any, to analyse the factors related with different attitudes. METHODS: A structured questionnaire survey of end-of-life care preferences was performed on 162 cancer patients and their primary care givers in four university hospitals and one general hospital from March 1, 1999 to February 29, 2000. A similar survey was done for doctors practicing at the above hospitals during the same period to investigate their attitudes toward providing end-of-life care to an assumed nearly bed-ridden patients. ANOVA, t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare acceptance of intervention among the groups or according to the various situations. Factors presumed to be related to the acceptance were sought and analysed by stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The difference in acceptance of intervention between the primary care giver group and the doctor group was not significant in almost every situation, showing significantly higher than the patient group (P<0.001). All three groups showed higher acceptance when a therapeutic intervention rather than a diagnostic test was proposed (P<0.001), when expected survival was 30 days rather than 7 (P<0.01), and when the therapeutic intervention was thought as non-invasive rather than invasive (P<0.001). The less anxious the patient was, the higher the acceptance from the patient. Patients with a religion had higher acceptance rate than non-religious patients. Primary care givers who expected cure of the disease accepted more of the postulated care than those who did not (P<0.05). Wives or mother-in-laws of patients showed lower acceptance than those in other relationship (P<0.05). The longer the patient had been diagnosed with cancer, the higher the acceptance of the primary care giver (P<0.1). Direct relatives showed higher acceptance than that of collaterals (P<0.1). Family doctors specializing in family medicine had lower acceptance than doctors of other specialties and interns (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The acceptance of intervention by patients was lower than that of primary care givers and doctors and depended on the expected survival and the type of intervention.
Attitude to Death
;
Diagnostic Tests, Routine
;
Hospitals, General
;
Hospitals, University
;
Humans
;
Palliative Care
;
Primary Health Care*
;
Spouses
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
4.Actinomycosis of Submandibular Gland.
Jin Ho LEE ; In Woo PARK ; Hang Moon CHOI ; Min Suk HEO ; Sam Sun LEE
Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2000;30(2):132-137
Actinomycosis is defined as a chronic, specific, suppurative, granulomatous disease caused mainly by the anaerobic, gram positive organism, Actinomyces israelii. Actinomycosis in the salivary gland is a rare disease that is caused by an inhabitant of the normal flora. We report the case of the actinomycosis of submandibular gland. A 53-year old man presented with the swelling on left submandiblar area. The lesion was not painful but had been increasing for about 10 days. In the CT view, the internal portion of the mass showed homogeneous moderate signal. The mass had continuities with the inferior portion of the left enlarged submandibular gland. In the MRI, there was a mass that showed a buldging pattern inferiorly in the left submandibular gland without bony invasion sign. The biopsy shows the colony of special organism. Many filaments are discovered with clubbed ends diffused from center of colony. We diagnosed this disease as actinomycosis in the submandibular gland by the postoperational biopsy.
Actinomyces
;
Actinomycosis*
;
Biopsy
;
Humans
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Middle Aged
;
Rare Diseases
;
Salivary Glands
;
Submandibular Gland*
5.Reasons of delay of hospital presentation in patients with acute stroke.
So Yeon KIM ; Tai Hyeong RYEOM ; Young Eun CHOI ; Hang Suk CHO ; Jae Yong SHIM ; Hye Ree LEE
Journal of the Korean Academy of Family Medicine 2001;22(10):1511-1519
BACKGROUND: Recent advances have been made in the treatment of acute stroke, but the effectiveness of the new therapies is highly time dependent. Patients with acute stroke often arrive at the hospital too late to receive the maximum benefit from these new stroke therapies. Efforts to reduce delay time of therapy for acute stroke may be more effective if the factors that delay hospital arrival are identified and targeted for specific intervention. So we studied about reason of delay of hospital presentation in patients with acute stroke. METHODS: The 85 acute stroke patients group who admitted to the Young-dong severance hospital from April to August 1999 were enrolled in this study. We collected clinical data from the medical record, including demographic characteristics, date and time of symptom onset, date and time of presentation to the hospital, medical history, and symptoms at stroke onset. And informants about stroke, method of transportation, the patient's interpretation of the symptoms were interviewed. We defined early arrival as within 3 hours of awareness of symptoms. RESULTS: The 85 patient were interviewed, early arrival were more likely to arrive by ambulance(P<0.001), admit via emergency department(P=0.001), interpret their symptoms as a stroke(P=0.005) and use readings as a informants about stroke(P=0.027) than late arrivals. Also they were younger than late arrivals(P=0.027). Main reason of delay of hospital presentation was because they expect spontaneous improvement(43%), mistake as other disease(23.3%), arrive via other medical institute(20%). CONCLUSION: Late arrivals expected spontaneous improvement, misinterpreted their symptoms as those of other disease and didn't choose proper medical institute for acute management. Considerable education is needed to increase the knowledge about stroke and proper acute management.
Education
;
Emergencies
;
Humans
;
Medical Records
;
Reading
;
Stroke*
;
Transportation
6.Seroepidemiological Survey of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Korea , 1994 - 1996.
Ik Sang KIM ; Myong Sik CHOI ; Won Jong JANG ; Hang Rae KIM ; Sae Gwang PARK ; Myung Suk HUH ; Seung Yong SEONG
Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology 1999;34(3):245-251
To understand the seroepidemiological patterns of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Korea, a nation-wide survey collaborated with fourteen clinics was carried out from 1994 to 1996. Sera of 4,547 patients with acute febrile episodes were tested by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test and the seroepidemiological analysis including sex, age, seasonal and regional distributions were performed. According to the results obtained in this study, the epidemiological characteristics of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Korea were summarized as follows: 1. Seropositive rate of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome among the patients with acute febrile episodes was 6.4% by the cut-off point of 1:40. 2. Among the seropositives, male outnumbered female and the ratio of males to females was 2.0:1.0. 3. Seventy six % of the seropositive patients were 21-60 years old. 4. The number of seropositive cases increased from October and reached maximum in December and began to decrease gradually from January. 5. The geographical distribution of the seropositives cover most areas including Cheju province in Korea.
Female
;
Fever
;
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome*
;
Humans
;
Jeju-do
;
Korea*
;
Male
;
Seasons
7.Reproducibility of lateral cephalometric landmarks on conventional radiographs and spatial frequency-processed digital images.
Jeong Won SHIN ; Hang Moon CHOI ; Min Suk HEO ; Sam Sun LEE ; Hyun Bae CHOI ; Soon Chul CHOI
Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2002;32(4):213-220
PURPOSE: Computed radiography (CR) has been used in cephalometric radiography and many studies have been carried out to improve image quality using various digital enhancement and filtering techniques. During CR image acquisition, the frequency rank and type affect to the image quality. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic quality of conventional cephalometric radiographs to those of computed radiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The diagnostic quality of conventional cephalometric radiographs (M0) and their digital image counterparts were compared, and at the same time, six modalities (M1-M6) of spatial frequency-processed digital images were compared by evaluating the reproducibility of 23 cephalometric landmark locations. Reproducibility was defined as an observer's deviation (in mm) from the mean between all observers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In comparison with the conventional cephalometric radiograph (M0), M1 showed statistically significant differences in 8 locations, M2 in 9, M3 12, M4 in 7, M5 in 12, and M6 showed significant differences in 14 of 23 landmark locations (p<0.05). The number of reproducible landmarks that each modality possesses were 7 in M6, 6 in M5, 5 in M3, 4 in M4, 3 in M2, 2 in M1, and 1 location in M0. The image modality that observers selected as having the best image quality was M5.
Cephalometry
;
Radiographic Image Enhancement
;
Radiography
;
Reproducibility of Results
8.Assessment of apical root resorption using digital subtraction radiography.
Min Suk HEO ; Sam Sun LEE ; Kyung Hee LEE ; Hang Moon CHOI ; Soon Chul CHOI ; Tae Won PARK
Korean Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2001;31(1):51-55
PURPOSE: This study was performed to compare the diagnostic ability of conventional intraoral radiographs with that of digital subtraction image and to assess the quantifying ability of digital subtraction image for simulated apical root resorption MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conventional intraoral radiographs and digital images of ten sound maxillary central incisors and those with simulated apical root resorption were taken with varying horizontal and vertical angulations of the x-ray beam. The diagnostic accuracy to detect the lesion was evaluated on conventional intraoral radiographs and digital subtraction images by ROC analysis. The amount of simulated apical root resorption was also estimated on the reconstruction images by Emago(R) and compared with actual amount of tooth loss using paired t-test. RESULTS: The diagnostic accuracy of conventional intraoral radiographs to detect the apical root resorption was low (ROC area = 0.6446), and the sensitivity and the specificity of digital subtraction images were 100%, respectively. The calculated amounts of apical root resorption showed no statistically significant difference with the actual amounts of the lesion (p>.05). CONCLUSION: Digital subtraction radiography is powerful tool to detect the small apical root resorption, and quantitative analysis of small amounts of the lesion can be evaluated by digital subtraction radiography.
Evaluation Studies as Topic
;
Incisor
;
Radiography*
;
ROC Curve
;
Root Resorption*
;
Sensitivity and Specificity
;
Subtraction Technique
;
Tooth Loss
9.Influence of the Alveolar Cleft Type on Preoperative Estimation Using 3D CT Assessment for Alveolar Cleft.
Hang Suk CHOI ; Hyun Gon CHOI ; Soon Heum KIM ; Hyung Jun PARK ; Dong Hyeok SHIN ; Dong In JO ; Cheol Keun KIM ; Ki Il UHM
Archives of Plastic Surgery 2012;39(5):477-482
BACKGROUND: The bone graft for the alveolar cleft has been accepted as one of the essential treatments for cleft lip patients. Precise preoperative measurement of the architecture and size of the bone defect in alveolar cleft has been considered helpful for increasing the success rate of bone grafting because those features may vary with the cleft type. Recently, some studies have reported on the usefulness of three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) assessment of alveolar bone defect; however, no study on the possible implication of the cleft type on the difference between the presumed and actual value has been conducted yet. We aimed to evaluate the clinical predictability of such measurement using 3D CT assessment according to the cleft type. METHODS: The study consisted of 47 pediatric patients. The subjects were divided according to the cleft type. CT was performed before the graft operation and assessed using image analysis software. The statistical significance of the difference between the preoperative estimation and intraoperative measurement was analyzed. RESULTS: The difference between the preoperative and intraoperative values were -0.1+/-0.3 cm3 (P=0.084). There was no significant intergroup difference, but the groups with a cleft palate showed a significant difference of -0.2+/-0.3 cm3 (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of the alveolar cleft volume using 3D CT scan data and image analysis software can help in selecting the optimal graft procedure and extracting the correct volume of cancellous bone for grafting. Considering the cleft type, it would be helpful to extract an additional volume of 0.2 cm3 in the presence of a cleft palate.
Alveoloplasty
;
Bone Transplantation
;
Cleft Lip
;
Cleft Palate
;
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
;
Humans
;
Transplants
10.Cardiac Toxicity in Patients with Antidepressant Intoxication.
Jung Taek PARK ; Se Min CHOI ; Young Min OH ; Joo Suk OH ; Yeon Young KYOUNG ; Hang Joo CHO ; Kyoung Ho CHOI
Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology 2010;8(2):97-105
PURPOSE: Although cardiac toxicity is a key parameter of significant toxicity, in antidepressant intoxication, there are few studies on the cardiac toxicity of serotonin reuptake inhibitor and the intoxication with the new generation of antidepressants. The aim of this study is to investigate the relative cardiac toxicity of serotonin reuptake inhibitor and intoxication with the new generation of antidepressants as compared with that of tricyclic antidepressant intoxication. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 109 antidepressant intoxicated patients who visited the Emergency Department from January, 2005 to December, 2009 to collect and analyze the demographic and clinical data. Sixteen patients were excluded. The enrolled seventy eight patients were classified into three groups: the tricyclic antidepressant group (TCA) (n=32), the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor subgroup (SSRI) (n=28) and the new generation antidepressant subgroup (NGA) (n=18). RESULTS: The demographic and clinical data of the SSRI and NGA groups were not significantly different from that of the TCA group. The QRS duration of the SSRI subgroup (86.4+/-12.0 msec) and the NGA subgroup (91.8+/-11.9 msec) was not significantly different from that of the TCA group (90.0+/-13.5msec) (p=0.598). CONCLUSION: Intoxication with SSRI and the new generation antidepressants seemed to show significant cardiac toxicity, like what is seen in tricyclic antidepressant intoxication. Clinicians must pay attention to SSRI and new generation antidepressant intoxication.
Antidepressive Agents
;
Emergencies
;
Humans
;
Medical Records
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Serotonin