Objective To explore the feasibility of using the consensus of European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People(EWGSOP) to diagnose sarcopenia among community-dwelling women aged from seventy to seventy-nine in Shanghai.Methods Twenty-two healthy community-dwelling women were recruited as the subject group(group S),and another ten young girls were randomly selected as the control group(group C).The anthropometry,bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA)and dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry(DEXA)were used to evaluate the circumferences of upper and lower limbs,and the dimension of muscle mass,according to relative appendicular skeletal mass(RASM)and skeletal muscle index(SMI).The grip dynamometer and isokinetic dynamometer were used to measure the muscle strength of upper and lower limbs.The ten meters gait speed,functional reach test,timed up and go test,Berg balance scale and short physical performance battery were all applied to assess the physical performance.The criteria of EWGSOP consensus were applied to diagnose the situation of sarcopenia.Results Firstly,the average biceps circumference and fat mass of upper limbs in group S were significantly higher than group C (P＜0.01),while no significant differences were observed in the muscle mass(P＞0.05).Secondly,RASM values gained from BIA and DEXA in S group were significantly higher than C group(P＜0.05),while the SMI values of the former were significantly lower than the latter(P＜ 0.01).Thirdly,absolute grip strength,relative grip strength and other bio-mechanical indexes of lower limbs in the s group were significantly lower than the C group(P＜0.01);the relative grip strength showed significant correlation with most bio-mechanical indexes of lower limbs.Fourthly,the physical performance in group S declined significantly compared with that of the c group(P＜O.05),and no significant correlation was found between muscle strength and physical performance of upper limbs except the absolute grip strength and gait speed.The prevalence was 0％ according to the RASM index,while the prevalence was 63.6％ and 45.4％ according to the BIA and DEXA respectively.Conclusion The assessing pattern from EWGSOP consensus could not be simply copied to applying on Chinese old people due to serious difference between RASM and SMI.The combination of SMI+relative grip strength+ TUG/SPPB/Berg may be better than the classical mode of RASM+absolute grip strength+gait speed in diagnosing sarcopenia.

The information entropy, H = - Pk log Pk, has been proved in this paper to be always positive and invariant for a linear coordinate transformation, so that it can be used as a measuring index. On the contrary, the integral term of the information entropy, H(x) = -f(x) log f(x) dx, is not always positive and invariant for a linear coordinate transformation. Therefore, H(x) can not be used as a measuring index. An example of a probability density function for response of nerve to electric current with different intensities is given to confirm above conclusions.

Objective To evaluate clinical features,predisposing factors,therapeutic regimen and prognosis of non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis.Methods Clinical picture,therapeutic regimen and prognosis were investigated in 39 cases with non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis by retrospective analysis.Results Non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis mostly presented fever,asthenia,myalgia and/or muscular tenderness,swelling of involved muscles,red urine and oliguria or anuria.The complications and comorbidity of rhabdomyolysis included acute renal failure(ARF),disorders of metabolites and electrolytes,compartmental syndrome,infection,and multiple organ dysfunction.Infection(33.3%)was the most common etiology of non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis,followed by drugs(25.6%),metabolite or electrolyte derangements(10.3%)and alcohol intoxication(7.7%)etc.Therapeutic regimen covered treatment of the underlying diseases,volume repletion,alkalization and dealing with the complications.For the patients with established renal failure,renal replacement therapy was essential.Overall mortality was 15.4%,while the mortality in the patients with ARF was 20.7%.If surviving ARF,the patients' renal function promised to be normalized consequently.Conclusion Non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome with a variety of causes,different clinical presentations and versatile combination of complications,which confounds the diagnosis.However,if treated properly and in time,the survivors in all probability will recover from ARF.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cytarabine ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacology ; Drug Interactions ; Female ; Humans ; Instillation, Drug ; Leukemia ; blood ; drug therapy ; Male ; Methotrexate ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacology ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To study the spectrum-effect relationship between GC-MS fingerprint of the volatile oil of Atractylodis Rhizoma and the dryness effect of Atractylodis Rhizoma, and clarify the main dryness components of Atractylodis Rhizoma. Methods The volatile oil of different batches of Atractylodis Rhizoma (S1-S9) were analyzed by GC-MS. Using the daily drinking amount of water, the viscosity of whole blood, and the content of aquaporin 2 (AQP2) in the kidney of rats as the indexes of dryness effect of Atractylodes Rhizome, the spectrum-effect relationship was analyzed by the combination of grey relational grade and orthogonal partial least square method. Results The dryness effect of Atractylodis Rhizoma was the combined action of multiple components, and the peaks of the major contribution to dryness effect were 31, 28, and 33, respectively. The corresponding components of the three peaks were β-eudesmol, (-)-aristolene, and bulnesol, which were identified by the spectral library retrieval analysis. Conclusion The main dryness effect components of Atractylodis Rhizoma are β-eudesmol, (-)-aristolene, and bulnesol, which provide a reference for investigating the material basis of dryness effect of Atractylodis Rhizoma.

Objective: To investigate the antihypertensive time-effect and dose-effect features of Sancao jiangya decoction(SCD).Methods: The blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats at different time points were measured after treatment with Sancao jiangya decoction of low,middle,high concentration by tailartery blood pressure measurement for conscious rats.Results: The blood pressure was decreased at 2 hours after drug taken,there were significant dose-effect relationship between the antihypertensive effect and the low,middle,high dose.At 4h after drug taken,the high,middle dose had dose-effect correlation,but the low-dose had no antihypertensive effect.Further research on the middledose shows that the blood pressure reduced at 1h after drug taken,and the stable antihypertensive effect was keeping during 1-4h,the blood pressure began to rise at 6h,and got back to the level before drug taken at 8h.Conclusion: To choose the Middle-dose(10.4g crude drug/kg body weight) and 2h after drug taken is appropriate for SCD's use.This result laid a substantial foundation for further research on effects evaluation and mechanism of antihypertensive medicine.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic effects of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) with degenerative scoliosis.

METHODSFrom March 2009 to March 2014,121 patients undergoing PKP for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) with degenerative scoliosis were retrospective analyzed. There were 41 males and 80 females,ranging in age from 56 to 92 years with an average of 73.2 years. Preoperative and postoperative 3 d respectively pain visual analogue scale (visual analogue score, VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index assessed pain and functional recovery of patients and preoperative and postoperative 3 d lumbar lordosis, scoliosis Cobb angle were analyzed.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 6 to 24 months, with a mean time of 11 months. All the patients achieved success in operation without serious complications. The operation time ranged from 30 to 65 min with an average of 42.2 min. Local leakage of bone cement was not found in canal. The VAS and Oswestry Disability Index at the 3rd day after operation decreased significantly compared with those of the preoperative (P < 0.05), and the lumbar lordosis and scoliosis Cobb angle also improved significantly compared with those of the preoperative (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPercutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for the treatment of thoracolumbar scoliosis osteoporotic fracture can significantly improve patients spinal deformity, pain relief, which is worth of recommending.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fractures, Compression ; surgery ; Humans ; Kyphoplasty ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; surgery ; Scoliosis ; surgery ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Visual Analog Scale

Objective To investigate whether IL-17 could stimulate the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production on HaCaT cells alone. We also investigated whether shikonin could inhibited the proinflamation effects of interleukin-17(IL-17) acting on HaCaT cells. MethodsWe examined the expression of VEGF by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) and realtime polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in HaCaT cells and the cell supernatant. The viability of HaCaT cells in the drug group was detected by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). ResultsThe expression of VEGF in different time IL-17-stimulated groups on HaCaT cells and the cell supernatant were higher than the control group( P＜0.001 ). The expression of VEGF in different drug treatment groups on HaCaT cells and the cell supematant were lower than the stimulated group by IL-17 ( P＜0. 001 ). The cell viability of different drug treatment groups have no significant difference( P＞0.05 ). ConclusionWe show that IL-17 specifically and time-dependently augmented and induced VEGF expression on HaCaT cells and the cell supernatantThen shikonin markedly inhibited the increase tengency of IL-17 effection on HaCaT cells and the cell supematant level.

Objective To explore the relationship between the women menopausal period and metabolic syndrome (MS) .Meth-ods The female residents of Chongqing urban areas above 40 years were selected as the investigation group ,all the subjects were performed the questionnaire survey and the physical examination ,at the same time the biochemical indexes were detected .Finally , 1402 women of natural menopause were included in this study .The study subjects were divided into different groups according to the menopausal period of <5 years ,5- <10 years ,10- <15 years and ≥15 years .The Logistic regression analysis was adopted to analyze the relationship between the menopausal period with MS and its components .Results The MS prevalence in this group was 40 .87% ,and the menopausal period of the women with MS was significantly higher than that without MS (P<0 .05) .The MS prevalences of postmenopausal women in the menopause period of <5 years ,5 - <10 years ,10 - <15 years and ≥15 years were 29 .37% ,34 .29% ,45 .30% and 49 .13% respectively (P<0 .05) .After adjustment for age and BMI (except central obesity ) ,the MS risk in the menopausal period of 10- <15 years and was 1 .54 times of that in the menopausal period of <5 years .The Logis-tic regression analysis showed that BMI and menopausal period were the influence factors of MS .Conclusion Post-menopausal women are the high-risk group of MS and the menopausal period is correlated to MS .

Objective To compare the difference of the left ventricular structure and diastolic func-tion in normotensive offspring with or without a family history of hypertension. Methods One hundred nor-motensive offspring were assessed. Fifty had a family history of hypertension (experimental group) and 50 had no family hi.history of hypertension (control group). By eehocardiography and Doppler tissue imaging, the following parameters of left ventricular structure and diastolic function were examined: interventricular septal thickness (IVST), left ventrieular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), left ventricular internal dimension (LVIDed), left ventrieular mass index(LVMI) and E/A. Results Compared with control group, experimen-tal group had higher IVST, LVPWT and LVMI, lower peak velocity of the early diastolic wave (e) of mitral annulus, and lower e/a (P<0.05). No differences in LVIDed, left atrial diameter (LA),aortic dimension(AOD), E,A and E/A were found between the two groups. Conclusion The results indicate that genetic factor of parental hypertension influence left ventrieular structure and diastolic function in normotensive offspring, which may precede the elevation of blood pressure.