Objective To analyze the relationship between complement key component C3,C4 and the severity of sepsis in children,in order to explore the role of complement activation in the progression of sepsis and provide a reference for diagnosis and treatment of severe sepsis.Methods Four hundred and twenty-four children diagnosed as sepsis from December 2012 to December 2015 in Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were enrolled in this study,among whom 347 children with sepsis were eligible for the following research including 169 cases of common sepsis and 178 cases of severe sepsis.Blood specimens were collected in 24 hours after their admission into pediatric intensive care unit(PICU) for the analysis of lymphocyte subsets,humoral immunity,blood routine analysis,coagulation,liver and renal function analysis.General information was collected by consulting their medical records,laboratory analysis and clinical treatment.The relationship between complement C3,C4 and the severity of sepsis was analyzed,and the correlation between C3 and coagulation,liver,renal,myocardium damage was also studied.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between C3 and the progression to severe sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS),while Cox regression was used for survival analysis.Results Natural killer(NK) cell percentage was lower in severe sepsis group than that in common sepsis group [6.6％ (3.7％,10.7％) vs.8.5％ (4.7％,13.3％),Z =2.635,P =0.008],while C3 decreased in severe sepsis group compared with common sepsis group [0.653 (0.462,0.985) g/L vs.0.991 (0.678,1.265) g/L,Z =5.684,P ＜ 0.001],and C4 decreased in severe sepsis group compared with common sepsis group [0.160(0.102,0.244) g/L vs.0.190(0.121,0.265) g/L,Z =2.513,P =0.012].The proportion of severe pneumonia was higher in severe sepsis group than that in common sepsis group (34.3％ vs.19.5％,x2 =9.540,P =0.002),and liver function damage proportion was increased in severe sepsis group than that in common sepsis group (48.3％ vs.16.0％,x2 =41.28,P ＜0.001),and the duration of PICU treatment was longer in severe sepsis group than that in common sepsis group[10.7(6.5,17.4) d vs.7.5(4.0,12.4) d,Z =-4.039,P ＜0.001].C3 was significantly decreased in children with single organ dysfunction,multiple organ dysfunction and death group compared with common sepsis group (K =33.04,P =0.001),and the median of each group decreased with the severity of sepsis,but C4 had no difference among 4 groups (K =7.36,P =0.061).C3 was positively correlated with coagulation marker platelet (p =0.31,P ＜ 0.001) and fibrinogen (ρ =0.53,P ＜ 0.001),but negatively correlated with international normalized ratio (INR) (ρ =-0.39,P ＜ 0.001) and activated partial thromboplastin time (p =-0.34,P ＜ 0.001).C3 was also negatively correlated with liver damage marker alanine transaminase (ρ =-0.30,P ＜ 0.001) and total bilirubin (ρ =-0.28,P ＜ 0.001),and had a negative correlation with renal function marker creatinine (p =-0.24,P ＜ 0.001) and myocardial damage marker creatine kinase-MB (p =-0.27,P ＜ 0.001).The depletion of C3 was a risk factor of severe sepsis(OR =3.45,P ＜ 0.001) and MODS(OR =3.03,P =0.005) after being adjusted for confounding factors by using Logistic regression.In stratification analysis,C3 depletion was still a risk factor of severe sepsis (OR =2.78,P =0.019) and MODS (OR =3.57,P =0.015) among children less than 1 year old,and was also a risk factor of severe sepsis(OR =4.76,P =0.008) among children more than 1 year old as well.In children without liver function damage,C3 depletion was still a risk factor of severe sepsis(OR =4.17,P =0.002) and MODS(OR =9.09,P =0.002).Cox regression showed that C3 depletion was a hazard in 28-day mortality (HR =3.57,P =0.026) in children with sepsis.Conclusion The decrease of C3 is correlated with coagulation dysfunction and organ damage marker,while C3 depletion was a risk factor of severe sepsis,MODS and 28-day mortality,and could be a potential prognostic marker of children with sepsis.

Objective To study the efficacy and safety of in vitro local drug delivery capsules fabricated with the biodegradable material Osteoset(R)plus vancomycin and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Methods In vitro local drug delivery capsules were fabricated with the biodegradable material Osteoset(R) plus vancomycin and rhBMP-2.High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and bacterial inhibition tests were performed to detect the concentration and activity of vancomycin in the capsules.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) tests were conducted to detect the concentration and activity of rhBMP-2 in the capsules. Results The capsules could release vancomycin above 55.8 μg/mL for up to 144 hours,with an activity of above 70％.They could release active thBMP-2 for up to 30 days,had no inhibition effects on the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) and had high biological safety. Conclusion Since the capsules of Osteoset(R) plus vancomyein and rhBMP-2 can release high concentrations of active vancomycin and active rhBMP-2 with no inhibition of the proliferation of MSCs,they have good prospects for clinical use.

Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is one of thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases that mainly located in the endo?plasmic reticulum (ER). It is generally known that PDI caralyzes the formation,rearrangement,breakage of disulfide bonds, and this enzyme is effective in regulation of protein folding. Now it is also known as a biomarker of cardiovascular disease. Protein disulfide isomerase can reduce infarct size and myocardial apoptosis in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). PDI can also improve changes of cardiac vulnerability in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Further more, it is also shown that PDI play an important role in hypertension and thrombosis. Therefore, this paper review the effects of protein disulfide isomerase in cardiovascular diseases.

Teacher student relationship is the most important part in educational activities.It’s quality and quantity have a significant impact on educational and teaching effectiveness.This article aims to analyze the exiting status of the relationship between the tutors and the postgraduates in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, focusing on the some main factors which affect the said relationship, including education environment factor, tutor factor, postgrad-uate factor and etc., and combining the characteristics of Medical Colleges’studying.On the basis of the concerned survey, this article initially discusses the key issues during the establishment of the harmony relationship between tutors and postgraduates.

Objective To explore the relationship of the severity of coronary-artery stenosis with plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and Meprin-α.Methods Totally 237 patients in our hospital were divided into control group (CON group), stable angina group (SA group) and acute coronary syndrome group (ACS group), according to coronary artery angiography.Patients with acute coronary syndrome were divided into 3 subgroups: unstable angina (UA) group, non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) group and ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) group.Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were divided into 3 subgroups: low-score, medium-score and high-score groups, according to coronary angiography and Syntax score.BNP and Meprin-α levels were determined in patients with coronary artery disease, and the degree of coronary artery stenosis was evaluated.The differences in above indexes were analyzed and compared among the three groups.Results Plasma levels of BNP and Meprin-α were higher in ACS group than in CON group [(233.16± 78.22)ng/L vs.(33.48 ± 13.71)ng/L, (26.89 ± 6.45) nmol/L vs.(12.83±0.66)nmol/L, both P＜0.05].Compared with UA group, plasma levels of BNP and Meprin-α were increased in NSTEMI and STEMI groups (all P＜0.05).Compared with the control group, plasma levels of BNP and Meprin-α in the Syntax scores-divided subgroups were increased (all P＜ 0.05).The plasma levels of BNP and Meprin-α in CAD patients were significantly increased along with the increase of Syntax Score.Spearman correlation analysis showed that low density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, BNP and Meprin-α levels had positive correlations with the occurrence of coronary heart disease, while high density lipoprotein level was negatively correlated with the occurrence of coronary heart disease (all P＜0.05).Conclusions BNP and Meprin-α levels in peripheral blood are significantly elevated in patients with coronary heart disease, and they are correlated with Syntax score.The risk of ACS is increased along with the increased BNP and Meprinα levels.

Objective To explore the effect of depakine in the treatment of traumatic epilepsy relapse,and compared carbamazepine and lamotrigine combined with depakine in the treatment of traumatic epilepsy.Methods Open trial in 131 patients with traumatic epilepsy relapse treated with depakine,and all patients were aderministered with carbamazepine or lamotrigine combined with depakine.3 months before treatment,the epilepsy seizures frequency was compared,and 6 months after the treatment,the efficacy,adverse reactions and safety was compared between two mothods.Results Application of carbamazepine or lamotrigine combined with depakine treatment for 6 months,the seizure frequency significantly decreased compared with before treatment;The seizure frequency reduction( ≥50％ ) were 72.6％ and 91.3％,the difference was statistically significant between before and after treatment( P ＜ 0.01 ) ;The adverse reactions of carbamazepine combined with depakine was 37.1％,and it of lamotrigine combined with depakine was 8.7％.Conclusion Lamotrigine combined with depakine in the treatment of traumatic epilepsy recurrence was effective,and its side effects was light.

Objective To introduce the experience and analyze the clinical outcome of applica- tion of reinforced bar-ring hybrid external fixator combined with limited internal fixation for complex frac- turcs of tibia plateau in patients.Methods From Aug.2002 to Feb.2005,21 patients with complex fractures of tibial plateau were treated with reinforced bar-ring hybrid external fixatar combined with lim- ited internal fixation.According to Schatzker classification,there were 13 patients with typeⅤfracture and 8 with typeⅥfracture.Voluntary and non-weight beating knee joint motion to partially weight bear- ing was taken one week after operation.Progressive loading was taken continuously until there was clinical evidence of fracture stability and then full weight bearing was done.Results The mean follow-up peri- od was 15.9 months (10-24 months).All the fractures got united and the mean union time was 4.2 months(3-8 months).All the injured knees could extend to less than 5 degrees and flex to more than 90 degrees after rehabilitation.Evaluated by Merchant score system for knee joint,81% of patients achieved excellent healing (7 cases) and good healing (10 cases).Conclusion Operation by using reinforced bar-ring hybrid external fixator combined with limited internal fixation can reduce complications and avoid stiffness of the knee joint.It is an effective method for complex fractures of tibial plateau.

Objective To investigate the imaging features of sarcomatoid carcinoma(SC)of lung on chest radiography and CT and to improve knowledge of SC.Methods The chest plain films,CT images and clinical data of all 7 cases of pathologically proved lung SC were retrospectively analyzed.Results All cases presented with a spheroid solid lung mass ranged from 3 to 11 cm in diameter(average 7 cm).All the lesions were located in middle and lower fields of the lung:3 lesions in right lower lobe,2 in right middle lobe,and the other 2 in left lower lobe.Among the 7 cases:6 cases were of peripheral type and 1 case was of central type.The peripheral-typed lesions of 5 cases had clear margin and 3 of them were lobulated.Three massess were homogenous in density,and the other 4 were inhomogeneous in density with formation of central cavity or calcification.After intravenous contrast administration.Three lesions showed homogeneous enhancement,and the other 4 lesions had inhomogeneous enhancement.The lesions with diameter larger than 6 cm showed marginal or patch-like enhancement.Five cases had pleural or chest walls invasion.Two cases had mediastinal lymph nodes metastases.One case had multiple remote metastasis.Conclusion There are some relatively specific features of lung SC on chest radiography and CT,which may be helpful for diagnosis.

Objective: To study the pharmacodynamic effect of Reganling Oral Liquid(RGL) in treating wind heat epidemic syndrome. Methods: After RGL was administered ig to experiment animals, we observed its antifebrile effect by using pathologic hectic rabbit caused by typhoid bacterin and pathologic hectic rat caused by injection of 2,4 dinitro phenol, anti inflammation effect by weighing the tampon acestoma in rat, anti anaphylaxis effect by using delay anaphylactoid mice caused by injection of 2,4 dinitrochloro benzene. The Liquid Tube Observing Method was used to investigate the bacteriostatic activity of RGL on eight kinds of germina in vitro . Results: RGL could evidently inhibit the raising of animal heat caused by bacterin and chemical, and also could markedly restrain the weight of tampon acestoma in rat and delay anaphylactoid in mice. RGL also had remarkably bacteriostatic activity on eight kinds of germina in vitro which mainly caused wind heat epidemic syndrome. Conclusion: RGL had the evident effects of antifebrile, anti inflammation, anti anaphylaxis and bacteriostatic activity in vitro .

Objective To compare the clinical results of percutaneous compression plating (PCCP)and Trigen short reconstruction intramedullary nail for intertrochanteric hip fractures. Methods During 2005 and 2008, the patients suffered with AO/OTA Al and A2 intertrochanteric hip fractures were divided into two groups; 36 fractures were treated with PCCP and 48 fractures with Trigen short reconstruction nail.During an average of (16.3±3.2) months follow-up, clinical evaluation involved visual analogue scale(VAS)score for pain in the 1st week, the 1st month, the 3rd month, the 6th month and the 12th month, and a Harris hip score one year post operation. Radiographs were examined for fracture healing-time, displacement scale of the neck screws and fracture impaction scale. All the complication in both groups was recorded. Results There were no difference in blood loss and operation time in both groups. The postoperative pain was significantly lower in the PCCP group in the initial three months after the surgery. Larger scale of fracture impaction and screw telescoping were seen in PCCP group. Also shorter healing time, higher Harris score results were achieved in PCCP group than those of Trigen short reconstruction nail group. Four peri-implant fractures occurred in Trigen short reconstruction nail group, which included one in the greater trochanter and three in the femoral shaft, but only one case need revision for bone displacement. In PCCP group, it was found that the superior neck screw was slightly displaced for tendency to cut-out in one patient. Conclusion Both PCCP and Trigen short reconstruction intramedullary nail can be successfully used to treat Al and A2 intertrochanteric hip fractures with minimal invasive technique. And the PCCP showed more rapid pain relief and bone healing, easily bony reduction and fewer complications.