Objective To explore the effect of parenting style and behavior on children with allergic asthma.Methods From July to December in 2016,a total of 60 children with allergic asthma,who were from Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Jiangsu Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,were selected as the asthma group.Another 60 normal children from kindergarten and primary school were selected as the healthy group.Achenbach child behavior checklist (CBCL) and parenting style questionnaire were used to evaluate the behavior and parenting style of the two groups.The Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) of the two groups were also collected.Results (1) The scores of dotage,autocracy,inconsistence of parenting style in asthma group ((14.95±4.95),(22.23±4.69),(13.43±3.80))were higher than those in healthy group((11.68±3.69),(16.47±4.16),(11.07±3.32))and the differences were significant (all P＜0.05).The scores of democracy,indulgence in asthma group ((38.92 ± 5.37),(18.12± 4.54)) were lower than those in healthy group((41.35±3.62),(19.88±3.41)),and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).(2) The scores of attention,socialization,aggression and withdrawal of child behavior in asthma group ((7.35±3.55),(3.85±2.17),(11.57±5.30),(3.40±2.65))were higher than those in healthy group((3.38±2.81),(2.52± 1.52),(6.98±4.77),(2.02± 1.63)),the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.01).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the dimension of discipline(P＞0.05).(3) The FeNO index of asthma group((32.27± 14.27) × 10-9 mol/L) was higher than that of healthy group ((11.10± 1.88) × 10-9 mol/L) and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01).(4)Logistic regression analysis showed that the attention(B=0.38,OR=1.47,95％ CI =1.27-1.70,P＜0.01),dotage(B=0.19,OR=1.20,95％ CI =1.06-1.37,P＜0.01) and autocracy(B=0.24,OR=1.27,95％ CI =1.14-1.42,P＜0.01)had significant effects on allergic asthma.Conclusion Attention,dotage and autocracy are the risk factors to influence the control level of allergic asthma.This should arouse the attention of clinicians and parents.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of intravitreal injection of nerve growth factor (NGF) on apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in early diabetic rats and its possible mechanism.Methods SD rats were divided into normal control group,diabetic model group,phosphate buffer solution (PBS) group and NGF group according to random number table method,with each group contain 6 rats.The rats in diabetic model group,PBS group and NGF group were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin (STZ) to establish diabetic rat model.After 4 weeks of modeling,2 μl PBS and 2 μl NGF (0.5 μg/μl) were injected into the vitreous cavity in PBS group and NGF group,respectively.The right eyes served as the experimental eyes,inject once a week for 4 weeks.After 4 weeks of injection,the retina microangiopathy of each group was observed by Phoenix Micron Ⅳ small animal retinal imaging system.After high dose anesthesia,the eyeball of one rat from each group was taken to prepare ultrathin sections and observed by transmission electron microscopy.Five rat eyeballs were taken to prepare retinal paraffin sections from each groups.The RGC apoptotic index was observed by TUNEL method.The expressions of RGC bcl-2 protein and bax protein were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.This study was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Central South University,and the experimental procedures were in accordance with the National Institutes of Health(NIH) guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory,and follow the 3R principle.Results The weight of the diabetic model rats was significantly lower than that of the normal group,and the intake of water and food were significantly increased,the urine volume was also in creased.The body weight and blood glucose level of the rats were significantly different among different groups after 4 weeks of modeling (F=202.352,148.444,both at P＜0.001).Fundus photography of early diabetic rats showed no obvious diabetic retinal microangiopathy.The numbers of RGC in the diabetic model group and PBS group were significantly lower than that in the normal control group under the transmission electron microscope.The membrane shrinkage,cytoplasmic condensation,organelle edema,chromatin peripheral collection were obvious and the cell apoptosis number was increased.The RGC lesions in the NGF group were lighter than those in the diabetic model group and PBS group.The apoptotic indexs in the normal control group,diabetic model group,PBS group and NGF group were (3.88±1.28)％,(92.56±1.58)％,(92.64±2.30)％ and (59.34±3.89)％,respectively,the overall difference of apoptotic index between the four groups was statistically significant (F=854.554,P＜0.001);the RGC apoptotic index of the diabetic model group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group.The RGC apoptotic index of the NGF group was significantly lower than that of the diabetic model group and PBS group (both at P＜0.05).The expression levels of bcl-2 protein in normal control group,diabetic model group,PBS group and NGF group were 38.11 ± 1.01,22.38±3.90,23.04±3.14 and 84.69±1.45,respectively,with a significant difference among the groups (F =366.206,P＜0.001).The expression levels of bax protein in normal control group,diabetes model group,PBS group and NGF group were 4.22± 1.89,56.59±6.67,56.30±8.51 and 26.19±2.44,respectively,with a significant difference among the groups (F=61.435,P＜0.001).The expression of bcl-2 protein in the diabetic model group was significantly lower than that in the normal control group (P＜0.05),and the expression of bax protein was significantly increased (P＜0.05).The expression of bcl-2 protein in NGF group was significantly higher and the expression of bax protein was significantly lower than those in the PBS group and diabetic model group (all at P＜0.05).Conclusions The ultrastructural damage of RGCs has occurred in early diabetic rats without diabetic retinal microangiopathy.Intravitreal injection of NGF may produce retinal neuroprotective effects by inhibiting apoptosis of RGCs in diabetic rats.

OBJECTIVETo explore the preventive effect of Yougui drink on femoral head necrosis in rats under micro CT.

METHODSTwenty-five SD rats were divided into steroid hormone group (group A, 10 rats ), Yougui drink group (group B,10 rats) and normal group (group C,5 rats)with random number table. Endotoxin were injected into abdominal cavity of rats in group A and B for 2 days, methylprednisolone sodium succinate were injected by gluteus for twice a week continued for 6 weeks; group B were gavaged by Yougui drink (veryday for 8 weeks; group C did not do any processing. All rats were killed on the 10th weeks,m icro CT were used to scan femoral head in vitro and preventive effect of Yougui drink (n femoral head necrosis in rats.

RESULTSThere was statistical significance in BMD, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb, Th, Thb, Sp, BS/TV and DA but no significance in SMI between group A and B. Comparison between A and C, there was significant meaning in BMD, BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb, Th, Tb, Sp, BS/TV, DA and SMI.

CONCLUSIONYougui drink on femoral head necrosis in rats under micro CT has preventive effect from BMD BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb, Th, Tb, Sp, BS/TV and DA.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bone Density ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Femur Head Necrosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; X-Ray Microtomography ; methods

Objective To explore the association rules of behavior problems and parenting styles in asthmatic children. Methods The database was established with the data of behavior problems and paren-ting styles of 202 allergic asthma children.Based on the algorithm of Apriori,the relativity between these be-havior problems and parenting styles was mined.314 healthy children of the same age were selected as the control group. Results (1)The differences in behavior problems between asthmatic group and control group were significant,which includes attention(7.63±3.44 vs 4.03±3.01),sociality(4.10±2.14 vs 2.86± 1.67),aggression(11.74±5.10 vs 6.63±4.26)and flinch(3.03±1.58 vs 2.06±1.38)(all P<0.01),while the difference in offence between two groups was not significant(P>0.05).The differences in parenting styles be-tween asthmatic group and control group were significant,including spoiledness(15.26 ± 4.16 vs 10.88 ± 3.29),indulgence(22.47±4.68 vs 16.59±4.12),discrepancy(13.54±3.50 vs 11.92±3.35)and democracy (35.08±5.25 vs 39.76±4.80)(all P<0.01),while the difference in autocracy was not significant between two groups(P>0.05).(2)There were multi-positive associations among these behavior problems of asthmatic children as followed.There were positive associations between the cognitive impairment(such as attention) and social impairment(including flinch,aggression and sociality),(each support>10%,confidence>0.60,lift>1.20,the value of correlation coefficient between(1,+∞)).(3)There were multiple associations between behavior problems and parenting styles of asthmatic children as followed.There were negative associations be-tween democracy and behavior problems(the value of correlation coefficient between[0,1)),and there were positive associations among indulgence、spoiledness,discrepancy and these behavior problems(the value of correlation coefficient between(1,+∞)).Conclusion There are positive associations among these behavior problems of asthmatic children,and there are multi-associations between behavior problems and parenting styles.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of inner ear lesion.Methods 94 patients who took magnetic resonance imaging water imaging were selected as study subjects from February 2014 to October 2016 in Heilongjiang Province Hospital.All the patients had surgical data,CT,MRI water imaging data.Based on the standard data of surgery gold,analyzed the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of CT and MRI in the diagnosis of inner ear lesions,compared the statistical differences between the two methods of examination.Results The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of MRI water imaging in diagnosis of inner ear werehigher than CT,but the differences were no statistically significant (all P ＞ 0.05).In the case of abnormal vestibular aqueduct (x2 =7.265,P =0.015),cochlear deformity (x2 =5.042,P =0.028),diagnostic accuracy of cochlear fibrosis (x2 =5.492,P =0.027),the differences were statistically significant(all P ＜ O.05).Conclusion MRI water imaging can effectively provide the information of ear canal,eudometrial and other internal organs,can provide a favorable clinical diagnosis,it is worth to promote the application in the clinical work.

BACKGROUNDPathophysiological processes, such as malignancy, can lead to the formation of stiffer tissue in lung cancers. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) elastography is a novel technique for measuring tissue stiffness during EBUS-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). The current study was conducted to investigate the diagnostic value of EBUS elastography for mediastinal and hilar lymph node metastasis in lung cancers.

METHODSFrom January 2014 to January 2015, 40 patients suspected of lung cancer were enrolled, and a total of 68 lymph nodes were evaluated by EBUS-TBNA. EBUS-guided elastography of lymph nodes was performed prior to EBUS-TBNA. Standard EBUS characteristics were also described. Pathological determination of malignant or benign lymph nodes was used as the gold standard for this study. If EBUS-TBNA did not result in a formal pathological diagnosis of malignancy, patients were referred for a surgical procedure. Comparisons of elastography and standard EBUS characteristics were made between benign and malignant lymph nodes.

RESULTSElastography grading scores and strain ratios showed significant differences between benign and malignant lymph nodes (P = 0.000). The elastography strain ratio was more sensitive and specific for determining malignant lymph nodes than elastography grading score or standard EBUS criteria. The receiver operating characteristic curve for the elastography strain ratio showed an area under the curve of 0.933. The best cut-off point of the strain ratio for differentiating malignant from benign lymph nodes was 32.07. The elastography strain ratio had a sensitivity of 88.1%, the specificity of 80.8%, positive predictive value of 88.1%, and negative predictive value of 80.8% for distinguishing malignant from benign nodes. The overall accuracy of elastography strain ratio was 85.3%. The strain ratio of malignant and benign lymph nodes positively correlated with the elastography grading score (r = 0.561, P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONSEBUS elastography can be effectively used to predict mediastinal and hilar lymph node metastases in lung cancer. This noninvasive technique may thus complement standard EBUS and help guide EBUS-TBNA procedures.

Aged ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques ; methods ; Endosonography ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Male ; Mediastinum ; pathology ; Middle Aged

Objective To learn the smoke-free environment and smoking status at or below county-level governments of Zhejiang Province, and to promote a smoke-free government.Methods By multi-stage random sampling method, 4 cities were selected in Zhejiang Province, then 4 counties were selected in 4 cities, finally12 governments were selected in 4 counties.With the methods of field observation,interview and questionnaire survey,smoke-free environment and smoking behavior , tobacco related knowledge of civil servants were investigated.Results A total of 12 governments and 405 civil servants were investigated.The smoke-free environment of 12 governments were relatively well.The total smoking rate of civil servants was 17.78%, and the highest was 26.67% in Jiande City, and the lowest were 9.00% in Zhuji City.For the civil servants ,male(26.62%), aged 50-(40.74%),divorced or widowed(40.00%),graduation of technical secondary school (33.33%),cadre of section rank(57.14%),above 20 years' work(28.81%),smoking anywhere at home(50.00%), smoking in certain areas at work(22.95%)were significantly higher.The rate of cognition on the hazards of smoking was lower among the smokers than that of non-smokers (P<0.05).The rate of agreement on MPOWER tobacco control strategies and smoking bans in public places were lower among the smokers than that of non-smokers (P<0.05).Non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that age of 30-39(OR=9.87,95%CI:1.45-67.29),50-(OR=9.87,95%CI:1.45-67.29), smoking anywhere at home(OR=12.28,95%CI:2.95-51.18),and smoking in certain areas at home(OR=6.57,95%CI:3.07-14.08) may be the risk factors about smoking behavior.Conclusion The situation of smoking control at or below county-level governments in Zhejiang Province was good, and smoking rates has declined.But tobacco related knowledge and behavior of civil servants were relatively insufficient.Aiming at the problems found in the investigation, it is necessary to strengthen education on smoking control among civil servants, and to promote a smoke-free government.

Objective:To explore the risk factors and protective factors for esophageal cancer, and provide strategies for prevention, clinical treatment and later-stage intervention.Methods:A total of 150 patients with pathologically confirmed esophageal cancer admitted to Nanjing Liuhe District People′s Hospital from July 2020 to February 2023 were selected as the observation group, and 150 non-tumor patients hospitalized in the department of orthopedics during the same period were selected as the control group. A questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze the independent risk factors and independent protective factors for esophageal cancer.Results:Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, alcohol consumption, drinking hot tea (hot drinking >65 ℃), eating hard food, frequency of consuming pickled food, frequency of consuming fruits, frequency of consuming vegetables, frequency of getting angry, economic income and frequency of consuming bread were factors affecting the incidence of esophageal cancer ( P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, consuming fruits ≤3 times per week, previously drinking alcohol but currently not drinking, and not eating hard food were factors affecting the incidence of esophageal cancer ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Smoking and consuming fruits ≤3 times per week are independent risk factors for esophageal cancer, while previously drinking alcohol but currently not drinking and not eating hard food are independent protective factors for esophageal cancer.

Abstract: Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are synthetic psychoactive substances that can pose a public health risk. The SCs are structurally variable and susceptible to structural modification. The rapid emergence of structurally unknown synthetic cannabinoids has led to new challenges in their identification. In recent years, machine learning has made great progress and has been widely applied to other fields, providing new strategies for the identification of unknown synthetic cannabinoids and the inference of possible sources. This paper describes the principles of commonly used machine learning methods and the application of machine learning techniques to mass spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, metabolomics and quantitative conformational relationships of synthetic cannabinoids, aiming to provide new ideas for the identification of unknown synthetic cannabinoids.

Objective:To investigate the effect of sodium arsenite (NaAsO 2) on transcriptional activity of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in mouse lymph node vascular endothelial cell line (SVEC4-10). Methods:In vitro cell culture method was used to treat SVEC4-10 cells for 24 h with different doses of NaAsO 2 [0 (control), 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 150 μmol/L], and the cell viability was detected by tetrazole compound (MTS) method. The time-response relationship was studied with SVEC4-10 cells treated with 5 μmol/L NaAsO 2 for 0 (control), 2, 6 and 12 h; the dose-response relationship was studied with SVEC4-10 cells treated with 0 (control), 2, 5 and 10 μmol/L NaAsO 2 for 6 h; real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of Nrf2 and its downstream genes glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (Gclc), glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (Gclm), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1 (Nqo1) and metallothionein 1 (Mt1). Establishment of Nrf2 gene stably silenced (Nrf2-KD) cells using SVEC4-10 cells, the interference control (scramble, SCR) cells and Nrf2-KD cells were treated with 0(control), 10 and 20 μmol/L NaAsO 2 for 16 h, and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results:MTS test results showed that the cell viability of the control, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 150 μmol/L NaAsO 2 treatment groups was (100.00 ± 19.53)%, (98.18 ± 9.85)%, (96.09 ± 30.04)%, (90.64 ± 8.74)%, (59.75 ± 12.09)%, (35.43 ± 8.58)%, (26.35 ± 5.89)% and (17.54 ± 4.48)%, respectivily. There was statistically significant difference in cell viability between different dose groups ( F = 18.30, P < 0.05); and the cell viability of the 20, 50, 100, 150 μmol/L NaAsO 2 treatment groups was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P < 0.05). The time-response relationship results showed that there were statistically significant differences in Nrf2, Gclc, Gclm, Nqo1 and Mt1 mRNA level between control, 2, 6 and 12 h treatment groups ( F = 56.69, 85.28, 90.82, 80.46, 758.60, P < 0.05); with extension of arsenic exposure time, the mRNA level of Nrf2, Gclc, Gclm and Mt1 first increased and then decreased, the mRNA level of Nqo1 increased continually; among them, the mRNA level of Nrf2 peaked at 2 h, the mRNA levels of Gclc, Gclm and Mt1 peaked at 6 h, and the mRNA level of Nqo1 peaked at 12 h. The dose-response relationship results showed that there were statistically significant differences in Nrf2, Gclc, Gclm, Nqo1 and Mt1 mRNA levels between control, 2, 5 and 10 μmol/L NaAsO 2 treatment groups ( F = 68.39, 72.26, 30.41, 397.00, 28.88, P < 0.05); with increasing of arsenic exposure dose, the mRNA levels of Nrf2, Gclc, Gclm, Nqo1 and Mt1 increased. The mRNA level of Nrf2 peaked at a dose of 5 μmol/L, and the mRNA levels of Gclc, Gclm, Nqo1 and Mt1 peaked at a dose of 10 μmol/L. Apoptosis test results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the apoptosis rates of SCR and Nrf2-KD cells between control, 10 and 20 μmol/L NaAsO 2 treatment groups ( F = 8.18, 9.66, P < 0.05); compared with the control group, the apoptosis rates of SCR and Nrf2-KD cells in the 20 μmol/L NaAsO 2 treatment group increased ( P < 0.05); and the apoptosis rate of Nrf2-KD cells in the 20 μmol/L NaAsO 2 treatment group was higher than that of SCR cells in the same dose group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:NaAsO 2 exposure has caused the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway in mouse lymph node vascular endothelial cell line SVEC4-10 cells, activated the adaptive antioxidant response, and altered transcriptional activity; while silence of Nrf2 has made SVEC4-10 cells more sensitive to NaAsO 2 toxicity.