In a consecutive series of 15 patients with unstable C1,2 cervical spine injuries treated with halo vest, 1992-1996, a total 7 patients (comprising 46%) among the patients with C1,2 cervical spine injuries, had odontoid fractures, no patient had neurologic injury. In all cases, initial treatment was Halter or skull traction for 1-2weeks. In the vitally stable state, they were stabilized with halo vest for 12-16 weeks. In 2 cases of C1,2 instability, initial treatment was internal fixation and halo vest for the same time. 2 cases of the patients, who were treated with halo vest, had additional posterior wiring and fusion due to instability checked after removal of halo vest. There was no other serious complications during the treatment. One case (25%) of 4 Anderson-d' Alonzo type II fractures was failed to unite. The halo vest was well tolerated in all patients and assured a high percentage of healing. Flexion-extension motion was measured with dynamic lateral cervical tomography. The age range was 17-67 (mean 41.3) years and male/female ratio was 3/2. Complications during the treatment were pin loosing (1 case) and halo vest frame breakage due to falling down. Pain on motion and stiffness of neck were the most frequently remained symptoms. But the symptoms were mild and did not usually have any major impact on return to work or leisure activities.
Humans ; Leisure Activities ; Neck ; Return to Work ; Skull ; Spine* ; Traction

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the differences of the clinicopathological features and survival rates in gastric cancer according to the sex of the patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 5,784 cases of gastric cancer patients who underwent laparotomy at the Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital fmm Jan. 1986 to Dec. 1995. We have analyzed clinicopathologic features including tumor location, Bonmann type, depth of invasicm, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM stage, histologic differentiation and survival rates according to the sex of the patients. RESULTS: The mean age of female patients was 52.4 years, which is lower than that of male, 54.8 years. There were no differences in tumor location, Borrmann type, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM stage of tumor between male and female. But there were some differences in histologic differentiation; well- and moderately differentiated cancers were more common in male and signet-ring cell cancers were more common in female. Female shows slightly better prognosis than male. But the prognosis of young female was poorer than that of young male. CONCLUSION: In gastric cancer patients, differences in histologic differentiation and more aggressive nature of the signet-ring cell cancer in female may affect the survival differences according to the sex.
Female* ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Seoul ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate

No abstract available.
Anti-Infective Agents* ; Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcus*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of job stress, hardness and burnout among emergency room nurses. METHODS: The subjects were 110 emergency room nurses from three university hospital and three general hospital, with more than 500 beds, in G city and J region. Data collection was done from October 11 to November 12, 2010. RESULTS: The score of job stress was 3.8 out of 5 point, the score of hardness was 2.6 out of 4 point, and the score of burnout was 3.3 out of 5 point. Burnout was found to be in a significant positive correlation with job stress and significant negative correlation with hardness. The main predictors of burnout were to hardness, job stress and night duty, and these variables explained 45.2% about burnout. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the higher job stress was in higher burnout and the higher hardness was in the lower burnout. It is necessary to create improvement ways and programs to reduce and prevent burnout of emergency room nurses.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of job stress, hardness and burnout among emergency room nurses. METHODS: The subjects were 110 emergency room nurses from three university hospital and three general hospital, with more than 500 beds, in G city and J region. Data collection was done from October 11 to November 12, 2010. RESULTS: The score of job stress was 3.8 out of 5 point, the score of hardness was 2.6 out of 4 point, and the score of burnout was 3.3 out of 5 point. Burnout was found to be in a significant positive correlation with job stress and significant negative correlation with hardness. The main predictors of burnout were to hardness, job stress and night duty, and these variables explained 45.2% about burnout. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the higher job stress was in higher burnout and the higher hardness was in the lower burnout. It is necessary to create improvement ways and programs to reduce and prevent burnout of emergency room nurses.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of professional quality of life among hospital nurses in the effects of workplace bullying, social support and resilience on retention intention. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted on 414 hospital nurses who worked for at least two months at a general hospital in the Seoul metropolitan area. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 23.0/AMOS 22.0 programs and employed reliability verification, descriptive statistics include frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping. Results: As a result of the study's structural modeling verification, workplace bullying had a negative effect, social support had a positive effect, resilience had a positive effect on professional quality of life, and professional quality of life had a positive effect on retention intention. Also, workplace bullying, social support, and resilience did not directly impact on retention intention. However, the professional quality of life had a complete mediating effect in the relationships between workplace bullying, social support, resilience and retention intention. The study results verified the mediating effect of professional quality of life affecting the retention intention. Conclusion In order to improve professional quality of life and retention intention, strategies to prevent workplace bullying and promote social support and resilience are needed.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of professional quality of life among hospital nurses in the effects of workplace bullying, social support and resilience on retention intention. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted on 414 hospital nurses who worked for at least two months at a general hospital in the Seoul metropolitan area. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 23.0/AMOS 22.0 programs and employed reliability verification, descriptive statistics include frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping. Results: As a result of the study's structural modeling verification, workplace bullying had a negative effect, social support had a positive effect, resilience had a positive effect on professional quality of life, and professional quality of life had a positive effect on retention intention. Also, workplace bullying, social support, and resilience did not directly impact on retention intention. However, the professional quality of life had a complete mediating effect in the relationships between workplace bullying, social support, resilience and retention intention. The study results verified the mediating effect of professional quality of life affecting the retention intention. Conclusion In order to improve professional quality of life and retention intention, strategies to prevent workplace bullying and promote social support and resilience are needed.

No abstract available.
Holoprosencephaly*

Wilson's disease is associated with abnormal deposition of copper in the brain, liver, kidneys and other body tissues, apparently due to an inherited defect in copper metabolism. Clinically the disorder is manifested by signs and symptoms of basal ganglia disease, postnecrotic hepatic cirrhosis, Kayser-Fleischer rings, hypoceruloplasminemia, hypocupremia, hypouricemia, cupruresis, and aminoaciduria. The authors experienced a case of Wilson's disease showing the characteristic signs such as Kayser-Fleischer rings, dysarthria, dysphagia and muscular rigidity, without any signs of liver involvement. A review of this case is provided with the literature.
Basal Ganglia Diseases ; Brain ; Copper ; Deglutition Disorders ; Dysarthria ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration* ; Kidney ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Metabolism ; Muscle Rigidity