0.05) . CONCLUSION: Gatifloxacin has no significant influence on pharmacokinetics of the hepatic injury model group as compared with the normal group.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of two kinds of preparations of valaciclovir hydrochloride.METHODS:This was a randomized two-way cross-over study.A total of 18 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive single oral dose of test valaciclovir tablets(trial group) or reference valaciclovir tablets(control group),with the plasma aciclovir concentrations determined by HPLC,the pharmacokinetics parameters calculated and the relative bioavailability evaluated using 3p97 program.RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters test and reference valaciclovir hydrochloride tablets were as follows:AUC0～ 24:(12.85? 4.32) vs.(12.19? 4.63) ?g? h? mL-1;AUC0～ ∞:(14.65? 5.75) vs.(13.27? 5.03) ?g? h? mL-1;Cmax:(3.55? 0.92) vs.(3.71? 0.97) ?g? mL-1;tmax:(1.44? 0.43) h vs.(1.33? 0.37) h;t1/2:(6.23? 2.81) h and(4.55? 1.84) h.The relative bioavailability of the test valaciclovir tablets were(111.01? 23.52) %.CONCLUSION:The reference valaciclovir tablets and the test valaciclovir tablets were bioequivalent.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Chronic Disease ; therapy ; Edema ; therapy ; Heart Failure ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To explore the feasibility of B-ultrasound guided ureteroscopic holmium laser nephrolithotomy via percutaneous nephrostomy for the treatment of complex renal calculi. Methods A total of 32 cases of complex renal calculi was included in the study. Under local anaesthesia and B-ultrasound guidance, a percutaneous nephrostomy was performed untill a F_ 16 catheter could be introduced, with the sheath indwelling in the tract. Then under a F_ 8/9.8 ureteroscopy, holmium laser nephrolithotomy was conducted for 1~3 fractions with an interval of 3~5 d. Results The renal puncture was successfully accomplished in all the cases. The stone-free rate was 75% (24/32) at 4 weeks, and 94% (30/32) at 12 weeks after procedure. No serious hemorrhage or infection happened. No conversion to open surgery was required. Conclusions Under local anaesthesia and B-ultrasound guidance, ureteroscopic holmium laser nephrolithotomy via percutaneous nephrostomy for the treatment of complex renal calculi is safe, effective, and feasible.

BACKGROUND: Interverbral disc degeneration (IDD) is the major cause of low back pain, which is considered as the pathological basis of intervertebral disc herniation and other degenerative diseases that severely affect the patients' quality of life. At present, neither conservative treatment nor operative treatment can reverse or inhibit the pathological development of IDD.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the progress of stem cell therapy for IDD, and to further analyze its challenge and potential solutions.METHODS: Relevant studies in PubMed database published before September 2016 were retrieved. Studies about stem cell therapy in IDD in vitro and vivo as well clinical trials were enrolled to analyze its existing problems.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Stem cell therapy provides a new strategy for IDD treatment. So far, a large number of studies in vitro and vivo as well as clinical trials have reported the remarkable effect of stem cell therapy. (2) However, problems such as how to deal with microenvironment of interverbral disc, choose proper stem cells and master indications will be a challenge in the future.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of of organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) residues in the soil of the suburbs of Guangzhou.Methods In Baiyun,Conghua,Zengcheng,Panyu,Nansha,surface soil(0-20 cm) samples of vegetable fields,orchard and paddy soil were collected,soil profile(20-40cm,40-60cm) of Baiyun and Panyu were also collected,in Aug,2008.Gas chromatography-electron capture detector method(GC-ECD)was used to determine 17 kinds of organochlorine pesticides.Results The detection rate of 17 kinds of organochlorine pesticides was 90.59% in topsoil,the residue level was 4.19-39.89 ng/g,and the detection rate in profiles soil was 76.70 %,the residue level was 2.35-91.26 ng/g.OCPs residues were mainly HCHs and DDTs.Conclusion Detection rate of organochlorine pesticides is high in soil in the investigated soil and in the 20-40 cm profiles of Baiyun and Panyu,the level of OCPs exceeds the related standard limit,which may have adverse effects on soil environment.

Objective To observe the targeting effect of curcumin gelatin microsphere in rats in vivo. Methods Injections of curcumin gelatin microsphere and curcumin were injected via tail vein, respectively. HPLC was used to determine the content of curcumin in different organs. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated on the basis of compartment models by using DAS 2. 0 program. Targeting efficiency was used to evaluate tissue distribution of curcumin. Results Targeting efficiency of curcumin gelatin microsphere in heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney was 0. 875, 0. 121, 1. 182, 5. 834 and 0. 896, respectively. Conclusion Curcumine gelatin microspheres can improve lung-targeting efficiency, and benefit for study on lung targeting therapeutic effect.

OBJECTEVE:To probe into the difference of drug prices between used in hospital and retailed in market.METHODS:Analysis the different reasons of drug price from drug quality assurance system,pharmaceutical care,drug using structure system and function mechanism.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:It's rational that the drug prices used in hospital high_ er than in retailed market.It's pratical and realistic attitude to the fact that the same drug has different prices in the medical market.

Objective To optimize the HP-?-cyclodextrin(HP-?-CD)inclusion process condition for volatile oils from Anti-virus Oral Solution. Methods The process conditions were screened by determining the inclusion rate of volatile oils and the yield of inclusion compound,and by comparing the inclusion effect of supersonic method,saturated water solution method and grinding method.The optimum condition was investigated by the orthogonal test. The inclusion compound was identified by TLC,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and ultraviolet spectrophotometry (UV). Results The optimum preparation conditions for inclusion were established as follows: the proportion of volatile oils and HP-?-cyclodextrin was 1 ∶12,the inclusion temperature was at 45 ℃and the inclusion time was 3 hours .The inclusion rate of volatile oils was 66.71 %,and the yield of inclusion compound was 90.07 %. Conclusion The complex prepared under the optimized condition is stable and has a highest inclusion rate.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, epidemiological studies have found that the saturation of transferring or the increased level of serum ferritin are associated with the attacks of cancer, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, Parkinson disease, liver disease and the diseases of immune system. Therefore, it is suggested that the intake of excessive iron may cause adverse influence on the healthy of human body.OBJECTIVE: To establish high-iron model in mice by using full-rate diet pellets by adding regular quantitative intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran, and observe the iron levels in vivo and the changes of organ coefficients.DESIGN: A comparative observation.SETTING: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health and Tropic Medicine, Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health and Tropic Medicine, Southern Medical University in May 2006. Forty Kunming mice of SPF grade, 20 males and 20 females, weighing 18-22 g, were provided by the Animal Experimental Center of Southern Medical University. The mice were randomly divided into control group (n =10) and high-iron model group (n =30) by introperitoneal injection of saline and iron dextran respectively, and the latter group was subdivided into low, middle and high-dosage groups (6.25, 12.5 and 25 g/L) respectively, 10 mice in each group. Full-rate diet pellets (iron content was 370 mg/kg)were purchased from the Animal Experimental Center of Southern Medical University. Iron dextran reagent (norm: 2 mL containing 50 mg iron) was the product of Zhejiang Ruian Pharmaceutical Factory (certification number: H33021758).The kits of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and maldondialdehyde (MDA) were provided by the Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute.METHODS: Mice in each group were raised in plastic stainless steel cages respectively at (23±3) ℃, and they were free to the access of food and deionized water. Mice in the low, middle and high-dosage group were treated with intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran once every other day, 0.8 mL for each time, whereas iron dextran was replaced by saline in the control group, all the mice were treated for 6 weeks, and their nutritionol conditions were observed. All the mice were killed at the end of the 6th week. The iron contents in organs of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney, and serum were determined with atomic absorption spectrophotometer and automatic biochemical analyzer respectively; Pathohistological examination of organs were performed; The organ coefficients of liver and spleen were calculated; MDA content and SOD activity in serum were determined.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: General conditions of mice in each group; Iron contents in organs and iron concentration in serum; Organ coefficients of liver and spleen; MDA content and SOD activity in serum; Pathological changes.RESULTS: In the high-iron model group, the body figures of the mice were changed, body masses were obviously decreased. The iron contents in organs and serum of mice in the high-iron model group were all obviously increased as compared with those in the control group (t =5.841, P ＜ 0.01), the organ coefficients of liver and spleen were also markedly increased (t =5.841, P ＜ 0.01), which were all in a dosage-dependent manner. The MDA content in serum was obviously increased (t =5.841, P ＜ 0.01) whereas the SOD activity was obviously decreased (t =12.924, P ＜ 0.01) as compared with those in the control group. The pathohistological examination under light microscope showed that there were pathological damages of different degree occurred in the tissue and cells and cell degeneration was observed,which affected the normal physiological function of cells.CONCLUSION: High-iron mice models can be successfully established by the intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran.The storage of excessive iron in vivo will result in the organic damages.