Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of nosocomial Escherichia coli infection and risk factors of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli infection in children, and to provide scientific basis for better prevention of nosocomial Escherichia coli infection in children. Methods A total of 169 children with nosocomial infection hospitalized in Handan Regional Children's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2020 were selected by random sampling method. After specimen collection, bacteria were identified by VitEK-32 identification system , and drug sensitivity of isolated pure Escherichia coli colony was identified by automatic drug sensitivity analyzer Phoenix 100. Statistical analysis of drug resistance of Escherichia coli. The clinical data of the children were retrieved from the case system by uniformly trained professionals, and the department distribution, underlying diseases, clinical characteristics, antibiotic resistance, length of hospital stay, surgery, invasive exercises and other clinical data of all the children were counted. Factor logistic regression analysis of the risk factors of nosocomial infection of ESBLs Escherichia coli in children in the hospital. Results A among of 39 strains of Escherichia coli were detected in children with nosocomial infection in children's hospital. The main specimens were 22 strains (56.41%) in sputum, 11 strains (28.21%) in urine and 6 strains (15.38%) in blood.Twenty-one strains of ESBLs Escherichia coli were detected, with a positive rate of 53.85%. Fever was the most common first symptom in 37 cases (94.87%). Children with ESBLs (+) Escherichia coli infection were significantly higher than those with ESBLs (-) Escherichia coli in age, length of hospitalization, neonates/recent use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, complicated underlying diseases, and invasive operation (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that recent use of antibiotics, combined with underlying diseases, and invasive operation were independent risk factors for ESBLs infection in children in hospital (P<0.05). Conclusion The incidence of nosocomial Escherichia coli infection in children is high, and active intervention should be carried out for children who have recently used antibiotics, complicated with underlying diseases, and invasive operations to reduce the risk of ESBLs Escherichia coli infection.

Objective To investigate the effect of erector spinae plane block on ultrasound-based hemodynamic parameters of the arteries of the four limbs and biochemical stress indicators in patients with thoracoscopic lobectomy. Methods A total of 120 patients with thoracoscopic lobectomy were randomly divided into study group and control group, with 60 cases in each group.The study group received erector spinae plane block during surgery, while the control group received conventional anesthesia measures.Pulmonary function indicators[peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁)], ultrasound-based hemodynamic parameters of the arteries of the four limbs (maximum systolic velocity, minimum diastolic velocity, mean velocity, arterial pulsatility index, and arterial resistance index), stress indicators[cortisol (Cor), norepinephrine (NE), angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ), and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)], and analgesic effect were compared between the two groups at different time points[before anesthesia induction (T₀), after extubation (T₁), and after drainage tube removal (T₂)]. Results FEV₁, FVC and PEFR in both groups were significantly lower at T₁ and T₂ than at T₀, and FEV₁, FVC and PEFR in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group at T₁ and T₂(P < 0.05).The maximum systolic velocity and arterial resistance index in both groups were significantly lower at T₁ and T₂ than at T₀, while the minimum diastolic velocity, mean velocity and arterial pulsatility index were significantly higher at T₁ and T₂ than at T₀(P < 0.05).The maximum systolic velocity and arterial resistance index in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group at T₁ and T₂, but the minimum diastolic velocity, mean velocity and arterial pulsatility index were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05).Cor, ACTH, Ang Ⅱ and NE in both groups were significantly higher at T₂ than at T₀, and Cor, ACTH, Ang Ⅱ and NE in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group at T₂(P < 0.05).The Prince-Henry pain score, effective compression times, and actual compression times in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Application of erector spinae plane block in thoracoscopic lobectomy causes smaller fluctuations in hemodynamic parameters of the arteries of four limbs and biochemical stress indicators, with a better anesthetic effect.

Objective To investigate the effects of esketamine on hypoxic-ischemic myocardial injury in neonatal rats based on glycogen synthase kinase-3β/NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-containing protein 3 (GSK-3β/NLRP3) pathway. Methods Thirty neonatal rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group and esketamine group, with 10 rats in each group. The rats in the sham operation group underwent a median incision in the neck to expose the bilateral common carotid arteries; the rats in the model group and the esketamine group underwent ligation of the common carotid arteries combined with a hypoxic environment to establish a model ofischemia and hypoxia; the rats in the esketamine group were given esketamine intervention (50 mg/kg). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), serum creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β levels, myocardial injury, myocardial cell apoptosis and apoptosis protein caspase 1/3/9 levels, neutrophil infiltration in myocardial tissue, and changes in GSK-3β and NLRP3 protein levels in myocardial tissue were detected in each group. Results Compared with the sham operation group, the LVEF and LVFS were significantly decreased and the LVEDD and LVESD were significantly increased in the model group, while the LVEF and LVFS were significantly higher and the LVEDD and LVESD were significantly lower in the esketamine group than in the model group (P < 0.05). The serum levels of CK-MB, cTnI, LDH, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, myocardial injury and apoptosis, caspase 1/3/9 protein levels in myocardial tissue sections, neutrophil counts, and GSK-3β and NLRP3 protein levels were significantly increased in the model group, and these indicators were significantly lower in the esketamine group than in the model group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Esketamine improves hypoxic-ischemic myocardial injury in neonatal rats by inhibiting inflammation, and its mechanism of action is related to the GSK-3β/NLRP3 pathway.

Objective To investigate the effect of micro-ribonucleic acid-21(miR-21) on the malignant biological behavior of human cholangiocarcinoma cell line QBC939 by targeting the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTEN)/inositol phosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. Methods The cholangiocarcinoma cell line QBC939 in the logarithmic growth phase was divided into empty vector group, blank control group, overexpression group, and silencing group.An inverted fluorescence microscope was used to observe transfection efficiency; MTT assay, flow cytometry, Transwell assay, and wound healing assay were used to measure cell proliferative activity, apoptosis rate, invasion activity, and migration activity.Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of miR-21, PTEN, PI3K, Akt, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR); Western blotting was used to measure the protein expression levels of PTEN, PI3K, Akt, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), and mTOR; dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the effect of miR-21 on PTEN.A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the SNK- q test was used for further comparison between two groups. Results Transfection efficiency was 90.27%±18.03% in the overexpression group, 91.43%±18.26% in the silencing group, and 92.16%±18.41% in the empty vector group.Compared with the blank control group and the empty vector group, the overexpression group had a significant increase in the proliferative activity of QBC939 cells (both P < 0.05) and a significant reduction in apoptosis rate (both P < 0.01);compared with the blank control group, the empty vector group, and the overexpression group, the silencing group had a significant reduction in proliferative activity ( P < 0.01) and a significant increase in apoptosis rate ( P < 0.01).Compared with the blank control group and the empty vector group, the overexpression group had significant increases in the migration rate of QBC939 cells and number of cells penetrating the membrane (all P < 0.01);compared with the blank control group, the empty vector group, and the overexpression group, the silencing group had significant reductions in migration rate and number of cells penetrating the membrane (all P < 0.01).Compared with the blank control group and the empty vector group, the overexpression group had significant increases in the mRNA expression levels of miR-21, PI3K, Akt, and mTOR and a significant reduction in the mRNA expression level of PTEN (all P < 0.05);compared with the blank control group, the empty vector group, and the overexpression group, the silencing group had significant reductions in the mRNA expression levels of miR-21, PI3K, Akt, and mTOR and a significant increase in the mRNA expression level of PTEN (all P < 0.05).Compared with the blank control group and the empty vector group, the overexpression group had significant increases in the protein expression levels of PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, and mTOR and a significant reduction in the protein expression level of PTEN (all P < 0.01);compared with the blank control group, the empty vector group, and the overexpression group, the silencing group had significant reductions in the protein expression levels of PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, and mTOR and a significant increase in the protein expression level of PTEN (all P < 0.01).Furthermore, miR-21 showed targeted regulation of PTEN expression. Conclusion MiR-21 silencing may inhibit the malignant biological behavior of human cholangiocarcinoma cell line QBC939 by targeting the PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to upregulate the expression of PTEN and downregulate the expression of PI3K, Akt, mTOR, and p-Akt.

To study the genetic polymorphism of HPA 1-16 platelet antigen alleles among unrelated volunteer donors and establish a typed platelet donor panel in Handan, typing was perfomed by polymerase chain reaction using sequence-specific primers (SSP-PCR); 148 random unrelated blood donors in Handan were genotyped for each of the HPA 1-16 antigen. The gene frequencies were analyzed and the genetype frequencies were determined by direct counting, and these data were compared with HPA distribution among various population by the chi-square test. The results indicated that HPA-1a, 2a, 4a-14a, 16a genes were found among the 16 HPAs in every sample tested. Monomorphic HPA-4a, 7a-14a, 16a were found in the samples. For HPA-1, 2, 5 and 6, a/a homozygosity was predominant with frequencies of 0.9595, 0.8108, 0.9865, 0.9797, respectively, and none of HPA b/b was found in the samples. HPA-1b, 2b, 5b, 6b were rarely found among subjects. HPA-15 had the greatest heterozygosity with a gene frequency of 0.2230, 0.5270, 0.2500 for HPA15a/15a, HPA15a/15b, HPA15b/15b, respectively. HPA-3 showed the second greatest heterozygosity with a gene frequency of 0.3851, 0.5135, 0.1014 for HPA3a/3a, HPA3a/3b, HPA3b/3b, respectively. HPA genotype frequencies showed a good fit to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. HPA1-5 gene frequencies for Chinese people in Handan were consistent with those of Chinese people in Shijiazhuang (P > 0.05). Among the HPA1-13, -15, the frequencies of HPA-1, -2, -6 for Chinese people in Handan differed appreciably from those for Chinese people in Taiwan (P < 0.05), others were similar to those of Chinese people in Taiwan. Among the HPA 1 - 8, a similarity was noted between Chinese people in Handan and Koreans (P > 0.05), except for HPA-3. Frequencies of HPA-1, -2, -5 significantly were differed from those in African Americans, as compared with HPA 1-5 (P < 0.05). Comparison of gene frequencies from HPA-1 and -5 showed significant differences between Chinese people in Handan and people in UK (P < 0.05). It is concluded that HPA-2, -3, -5, -15 of people in Western region of China have polymorphism, incompatible frequency of HPA antigen distribution is higher, which inevitably results in the increase of immunologic exposure, therefore attention must be paid to the importance of HPA-2, -3, -5, -15 in clinical disorders. This study for the first time completely analyses HPA1-16 gene frequencies in China, and provides data for establishing a typed platelet donor panel in Handan, China.
Antigens, Human Platelet ; classification ; genetics ; Blood Donors ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Platelet Transfusion ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Polymorphism, Genetic

This study was aimed to investigate the molecular genetic basis and serological phenotype of Rh weak D type 15 individuals. Samples were identified by serological tests and genotyped by sequence specific primer-PCR (SSP-PCR), and were sequenced to detect the changes of all ten RHD exons. The number of gene RHD was detected through SSP-PCR. The results showed that in tested individuals of weak D type confirmed by the IAT, 18 cases (56% in weak D) were weak D type 15. Rh factors found in 2 weak D type 15 individuals (11%) were C+c+E+e; Rh factors found in 2 weak D type 15 individuals (11%) were C+c+E-e+; others (78%) were c-c+E+e+. The results by serological tests were consistent with the results genotyped by PCR-SSP method. In all 18 samples, the sequencing result revealed a gene mutation 845G > A at the exon 6 of the RHD and the point mutation changed amino acid G282D of the RhD polypeptide. The zygosity test demonstrated that 2 out of 18 weak D type 15 individuals were RHD(+)/RHD(+) homozygous (two DCe/DcE), 16 cases were RHD(+)/RHD(-) heterozygous (two DCe/dce and fourteen DcE/dce). It is concluded that Weak D type 15 is predominant in weak D individuals of Chinese Han Nationality, and most of them are heterozygous with various RH haplotypes.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Blood Donors ; China ; ethnology ; Erythrocytes ; immunology ; Exons ; genetics ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phenotype ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; genetics ; immunology ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo study the regulation trend of resveratrol on TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 expressions in bronchoalveolar layage fluid (BALF) of RSV-infected BALB/c mice at different time points.

METHODRSV-induced BALB/c mice were orally administered with resveratrol. Their BALFs were collected at 24, 72 and 144 h after the first nasal drip with RSV to detect the level of TNF-alpha, IL-1P3, IL-6 by EILSA.

RESULTThe expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1Pf and IL-6 in BALF increased significantly compared with the normal group (P <0. 01) after 24 hours of RSV infection, while the expression of TNF-alpha (P < 0.01), IL-1beta (P < 0.05), IL-6 (P < 0.01) in the resveratrol group decreased notably compared with the model group. After 72 hours of infection with RSV, although the expression of TNF-alpha (P < 0.05), IL-1beta (P < 0.01) and IL-6 (P < 0.01) in BALF in model group were higher than those in the normal group, they were much more lower than at 24 h. The expression of IL-1beta and IL-6 (P < 0.05) in the resveratrol groups were down-regulated significantly, but no difference had been shown in TNF-alpha expression compared with the RSV infection group. After infection with RSV for 144 h, the expression of IL-1beta (P < 0.01) and IL-6 (P < 0.05) in BALF in the model group were higher than those in the normal group, but there was no difference in the secretion of TNF-alpha. The expression of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 showed also no remarkable difference between the resveratrol groups and the RSV infection group.

CONCLUSIONResveratrol can inhibit the over expression of inflammatory factors TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of RSV-induced BALB/c mice and keep them at a low level with the passing of infection time.

Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; immunology ; Female ; Interleukin-1beta ; analysis ; Interleukin-6 ; analysis ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Stilbenes ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis

Objective:To explore the mechanism of herb-partitioned moxibustion in relieving rat intestinal inflammation by focusing on the neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)in Crohn disease(CD)development. Methods:Rats were randomly divided into a normal group,a model group,a herb-partitioned moxibustion group,and a mesalazine group.The CD rat model was prepared with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid except for rats in the normal group.Rats in the normal group and model group did not receive any treatment but had the same fixation as the other groups.Rats in the herb-partitioned moxibustion group received herb-partitioned moxibustion at Qihai(CV6)and bilateral Tianshu(ST25).Rats in the mesalazine group received intragastric administration of mesalazine enteric-coated tablets.The general situation of rats in each group was recorded,and the histopathological changes in the colon were observed and scored by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The serum concentrations of NETs DNA(NETs-DNA),neutrophil elastase(NE)-DNA,and myeloperoxidase(MPO)-DNA were detected by ABC enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the citrullinated histone 3(citH3),MPO,and NE protein and mRNA expression levels in rat colon tissue were observed by immunofluorescence and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results:Compared with the normal group,the mucosal ulcer reached the muscularis,the epithelium was incomplete,the goblet cells decreased obviously with significant inflammatory cell infiltration in the colon;the colonic mucosa damage index(CMDI)score increased significantly(P<0.01);the serum NETs-DNA,NE-DNA,and MPO-DNA concentrations increased(P<0.05);the NE,citH3,and MPO protein and mRNA expression in the colonic tissue increased significantly in the model group(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the mucosal epithelium in the herb-partitioned moxibustion group and the mesalazine group was repaired and the goblet cells increased with a few infiltrating inflammatory cells in the colon;the CMDI score decreased(P<0.01);the serum NETs-DNA,NE-DNA,and MPO-DNA concentrations decreased(P<0.05);the NE,citH3,and MPO protein and mRNA expression in the colonic tissue was down-regulated(P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion:Herb-partitioned moxibustion reduced the serum NETs complex and inhibited the protein and mRNA expression of NETs complex in the colon tissue,which may be one mechanism of herb-partitioned moxibustion in relieving colon mucosal inflammation in CD.

OBJECTIVES: Infants with slight/mild or late-onset hearing impairment might be missed in universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS). We identified the mutation hot spot of common deaf gene in the newborns in Jinan area population by screening the mutation spot with neonate cord blood, in order to make clear whether the neonate cord blood for screening is feasible. METHODS: Six hundred and forty-six newborns were subjected to both UNHS and genetic screening for deafness by using neonate cord blood. The newborn genetic screening targeted four deafness-associated genes, which were commonly found in the Chinese population including gap junction beta-2 protein (GJB2), gap junction beta-3 protein (GJB3), solute carrier family 26 member 4 (SLC26A4), and mtDNA 12S rRNA. The most common 20 spot mutations in 4 deaf genes were detected by MassARRAY iPLEX platform and mitochondrial 12S rRNA A1555G and C1494T mutations were sequenced using Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: Among the 646 newborns, 635 cases passed the UNHS and the other 11 cases (1.7%) did not. Of the 11 failures, two cases were found to carry homozygous GJB2 p.R143W pathogenic mutation, one case was found to have heterozygous GJB2 235delC mutation, and another one case carried heterozygous GJB3 p.R180X pathogenic mutation. Six hundred and thirty-five babies passed the newborn hearing screening, in which 25 babies were identified to carry pathogenic mutations, including 12 heterozygotes (1.9%) for GJB2 235delC, eight heterozygotes (1.3%) for SLC26A4 IVS7-2A>G, one heterozygote (0.2%) for p.R409H, two homozygotes (0.3%) for m.1494C>T, and two homozygotes (0.3%) for m.1555A>G. CONCLUSION: Newborn genetic screening through the umbilical cord blood for common deafness-associated mutations may identify carriers sensitive to aminoglycoside antibiotic, and can effectively prevent or delay hearing loss occurs.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China* ; Deafness* ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; Fetal Blood ; Gap Junctions ; Genetic Testing ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss ; Heterozygote ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mass Screening*