AIM:To investigate the changes of subfoveal choroidal thickness ( SFCT ) in central serous chorioretinopathy ( CSCR) eyes and to compare them with normal control eyes.
METHODS: This was a case-control study and a Meta-analysis. Forty - six CSCR patients diagnosed by the fundus pre - set lens, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were enrolled in this study. Sixty two age-, sex-, diopter- and axial length-matched 62 normal subjects ( 62 eyes ) were enrolled in this study as the control group. Using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography ( EDI-OCT) , SFCT of CSCR eyes and normal control eyes were measured and compared. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis were performed to assess the association between SFCT and clinical factors. The Meta - analysis were conducted using the Stata software package to calculate the summary weighted mean differences ( WMDs) .
RESULTS:The mean SFCT of the CSCR group and the normal control group was 397. 34±83. 91μm and 274. 48±62. 57μm, respectively. The CSCR eyes had a thicker choroid than the control eyes at the SFCT (P<0. 01). Univariate and multivariable linear regression analysis showed that the SFCT was significantly thicker in association with the CSCR diagnosis. The result of our case-control study was consistent with the results of the further Meta-analysis with the pooled WMD of 156. 13μm (95% CI:137. 43, 174. 83) for SFCT.
CONCLUSION:Along with the comprehensive Meta-analysis, SFCT in CSCR eyes was thicker than that of normal control eyes. Increased SFCT might be associated with CSCR.

Objective To investigate the effect of microbubble(Sono Vue) destruction with ultrasound on wound healing in rats. Methods Total 96 SD rats were accepted one rounded whole-layer skin incision on back each other and randomly divided into four groups:microbubble destruction with ultrasound(US + MB),microbubble(MB), ultrasound(US) and control group. Rats in US + MB group were injected with 0.5 ml microbubble contrast agent via tail vein,and then ultrasound irradiated for 3 minutes immediately. MB group were injected with 0.5 ml microbubble contrast agent. US group were injected with 0.5 ml physiological saline,and then ultrasound irradiated for 3 minutes immediately under the same condition. Control group were injected with 0.5 ml physiological saline. Feed each rat in single cage. On day 1,3,5,7,14 and 21 after wound creation,the excised wound tissues were analyzed by histology and VEGF expression in wounds by immunohistochemistry. Results HE staining: On day 7, wounds of US + MB group displayed the most accumulation of granulation tissue and all new capillaries were perpendicular to the wound surface, but the new capillaries of other 3 groups were disordered. Immunohistochemical examination of VEGF expression:the peak expression appeared on day 3 in US + MB group, other 3 groups were on day 5 to day 7.Conclusions US + MB treatment could improve the quality of wound healing and granulation tissues were maturated earlier than MB, US treatment and control group, which could accelerate wound healing. High temperature,high pressure and some kind of chemistry effecs induced by microbubble destruction with ultrasound can stimulate the secretion of endogenous VEGF, which may be the mechanism of promoting angiogenesis and wound healing.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the profile of the pathogens and their drug resistance isolated from children with lower respiratory tract infection in Wenzhou area from Jan 2004 to Dec 2006.METHODS Lower respiratory tract secretions were obtained from children with lower respiratory tract infection for bacterial culture.The K-B method was applied for the antibiotic susceptibility test.RESULTS Total 1605 strains were isolated.The isolating rates of Gram-positive cocci,Gram-negative bacilli and fungi were 24.9%,61.2% and 14.0%,respectively.60.5%,and 54.6% of the isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases(ESBLs).The rate of Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pnenmoniae(PRSPN)was 30.6%.20.5% isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were MRSA.All isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and Gram-positive cocci were susceptible to imipenem and vancomycin in vitro.CONCLUSIONS Gram-negative bacilli are still the primary pathogens resulting in lower respiratory tract infection in children.Fungi and muti-drug-resistant bacteria are on the rise trend.

Background Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is an effective treatment for AIDS,but it cannot completely eliminate the viral load in the body for the existence of HIV reservoir.Previous studies demonstrated that HIV could be detected in tears of virus load negative AIDS patients who received effective HAART,suggesting that lacrimal gland is another member of HIV reservoirs.Objective The aim of this study was to explore whether lacrimal gland has a molecular basis of HIV infection and the mechanism of lacrimal gland infection of HIV.Methods Fourteen specimens of lacrimal gland were collected during the surgery from 14 patients with lacrimal gland diseases in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from November 2013 to December 2015,including 13 non-HIV-infected patients and 1 HIV-infected patient.In 13 non-HIV infected patients,lacrimal glands prolapse was in 12 patients with the normal pathological tissue structure and dacryoadenitis was in 1 patient with the histopathological diagnosis of interstitial lymphoid tissue hyperplasia.The clinical manifestation of HIV-infected patient was dacryoadenitis with the histopathological diagnosis of interstitial lymphoid tissue hyperplasia.The paraffin sections of 12 non-HIV-infected specimens and 1 HIV-infected specimen were prepared,and the expressions of CD4,C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) in lacrimal gland specimens were detected by immunohistochemistry and verified in 1 specimen of non-HIV-infected specimen by immunofluorescence technology.Results Immunohistochemistry showed that CD4 was suspiciously positive expression in non-HIV-infected specimens with the strong background staining.CXCR4 was positively expressed in cytoplasm and nuclei of most lacrimal epithelial cells of lacrimal gland epithelial cells in each specimen,and CCR5 was focally expressed in few lacrimal gland epithelial cells in each specimen.In addition,CD4,CXCR4 and CCR5 were positively expressed in intercellular scattered lymphocytes on the specimens.Immunofluorescence assay showed that CD4,CXCR4 and CCR5 were expressed in the specimens with the red fluorescence,with the linear-and patchy-like distribution mainly in cellular membrane for CD4 or spot-like distribution for CXCR4 and CCR5 in the cytoplasm.Conclusions HIV receptor CD4 and accessory receptor CXCR4,CCR5 are positively expressed in the lacrimal gland epithelial cells,which is the molecular basis of HIV infection and become a potential HIV reservoir preventing HIV eradication.

Objective:To investigate the value of visfatin in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors and the feasibility of visfatin as a molecular marker of breast cancer.Methods:A total of 195 breast cancer patients hospitalized in the Cancer Hospital of The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences from December 2017 to July 2018 were selected as the breast cancer group, all of them were women. 80 patients with benign breast diseases in the same period were randomly selected as the breast benign disease group, all of them were women. 80 female employees with normal physical examination in the same year were selected as the normal control group. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum level of visfatin. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between visfatin and clinicopathological features of breast cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to get area under curve (AUC) value, and the diagnostic efficacy was analyzed.Results:The serum visfatin level in breast cancer group was significantly higher than that in benign breast disease group and normal control group ( P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that the serum visfatin level was related to lymph node metastasis, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage and body mass index (BMI) (all P<0.05). The serum visfatin level was positively correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis of breast cancer patients ( r=0.336, P=0.043; r=0.632, P=0.027, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis showed that lymph node metastasis was a risk factor for serum visfatin [ OR=1.098, 95% CI(1.073, 1.226), P=0.02]. According to the ROC curve of serum visfatin level in benign breast disease group and normal group, the AUC of serum visfatin were 0.652 and 0.701, respectively. When the Youden index was the highest, the sensitivity was 52.30% and 55.90% respectively, and the specificity was 73.10% and 75.0% respectively. Conclusions:Serum visfatin level can be used to distinguish benign and malignant breast cancer patients. It has a certain clinical value in the auxiliary diagnosis of breast cancer, and may be used as a potential molecular marker of breast cancer.

Objective To explore the application of 64-slice spiral CT angiography (CTA) in the evaluation of cerebral vascular disease. Methods 160 cases with suspected cerebral vascular disease underwent CTA with 64-slice spiral CT. Two dimensional and three dimensional reformation were performed in all cases including multiplanar reconstruction (MPR), maximum intensity projection (MIP), volume rendering (VR). Both axial and reformatted images were analyzed by two radiologists. Results 94 cases of 160 were diagnosed as abnormal, including 50 stenosis or obstructive disease, 21 aneurysm, 1 post-intravascular stent, 4 cliped aneurysm, 3 arteriovenous malformation, 4 moyamoya disease, 4 carotid-cavernous fistula, 4 venous sinus thrombus, 1 straight sinus occlusion with perpetual falcial sinus, 1 great cerebral venous aneurysm, 1 perpetual sublingual artery. Conclusion 64-slice spiral CTA is a valuable diagnostic method for various cerebral vascular disease.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of pediatric massage (tuina) for chronic cough in children. Methods: A total of 96 cases were randomized into a control group and an observation group, with 48 cases in each group. Cases in the control group received routine pediatric massage manipulations. Cases in the observation group received additional Mo-rubbing abdomen manipulation. The treatment was done 3 times a week and 12 times made up a treatment session. The cough symptom scores were evaluated before treatment and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 treatments respectively. Results: There were 8 dropouts in the observation group and 5 dropouts in the control group. Before treatment, there was no statistical difference in coughing score between the two groups (P>0.05). After 9 times of treatment, the total coughing scores were significantly reduced in both groups (both P<0.05); however, there were no statistical differences between the two groups in the score differences between before treatment and after 3, 6 and 9 times of treatment (all P>0.05). After 12 times of treatment, the total coughing scores were significantly reduced in both groups (both P<0.05), along with a statistical difference between the two groups in the score difference between before treatment and after 12 times of treatment (P<0.05). There was a statistical difference between the two groups in overall response (P<0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 92.5％, versus 86.0％ in the control group, showing a statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: The routine pediatric massage manipulations alone or in combination with Mo-rubbing abdomen manipulation both can significantly improve chronic cough in children; however, the combination obtains a better effect.

Aim To evaluate the effects of morphine preconditioning ( MPC ) on the expression of microR-NAs ( miRNAs ) induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) in H9c2 myocardial cells. Methods H9c2 cells were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n=4 each) as follows:control group ( CON) , hypoxia/ reoxygen-ation group ( H/R ) and morphine preconditioning group ( MPC+H/R) . The cells were cultured in nor-mal condition in CON group. The cells were subjected to 5 h hypoxia followed by 1 h reoxygenation in H/R group and MPC+H/R group. Specifically, the cells in MPC+H/R group were preconditioned with morphine with the final concentration of 1 μmol·L-1 for 10 min before H/R. After the treatment, CCK-8 was used to detect cell viability and chemical colorimetry was used to detect lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH ) activity in the culture medium. Cell apoptosis was assessed by An-nexin-V-FITC/PI flow cytometry. Relative expression of Fas protein was detected by Western blot. The ex-pression of miRNA in myocardial cells was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain re-action ( qRT-PCR ) . Results Compared with CON group, the cell viability was significantly decreased, while the LDH activity, apoptotic rate and Fas protein expression were dramatically increased in group H/R (P<0. 01). However, MPC significantly increased the cell viability, whereas it decreased the LDH activity, apoptotic rate and Fas protein expression induced by H/R injury ( P < 0. 01 ) . The expressions of miR-133a-5p, miR-133b-5p, miR-664-1-5p, miR-6216 and let-7 e-5 p were markedly down-regulated by H/R as compared to CON group ( P <0. 05 ) , while MPC inhibited these miRNAs which were significantly down-regulated by H/R group ( P <0. 01 ) . Conclusion Morphine preconditioning might protect H9 c2 myocar-dial cells against H/R injury by regulating the expres-sion of miRNAs such as miR-133a-5p, miR-133b-5p, miR-664-1-5p, miR-6216 and let-7e-5p.

The HPLC-MS/MS method was developed to profile the dynamics of abscisic acid (ABA) and ABA-glucose ester (ABA-GE) after cloning glycosyltransferase enzyme family gene AtUGT71C5 into Arabidopsis thaliana. By constructing over-expression lines (OE) and down-expression lines (DN), we acquired mutant strains to analyze the function of AtUGT71C5. The multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) was used for quantitative determination in negative mode. The transition was m/z 263.1-153.0 for ABA ([M-H]t), m/z 425.1-263.0 for ABA-GE ([M-H]t), and m/z 321.0-152.0 for chloramphe-nicol. The linear range was 0.8684-217.1 ng/mL for ABA and 0.3920-196.0 ng/mL for ABA-GE. The accuracy was 88.0-109.0% for ABA and 86.6-113.0% for ABA-GE; the inter-day and intra-day precisions were less than 5.4%for ABA and 8.9%for ABA-GE, respectively. This method is simple and sensitive enough for determination of ABA and ABA-GE in A. thaliana leaves. All the evidence confirmed the speculation that AtUGT71C5 can mediate abscisic acid homeostasis.

Objective To explore the effect of chemotherapy on serum IL-6 expression in cancer patients with T2DM. Methods Eighty patients were divided into the malignant tumor group with T 2DM (n=40) and the malignant tumor group without T2DM (n=40).All the patients were given two cycles of chemotherapy .2 ml of fasting venous blood in the morn-ing before and after the day of chemotherapy was collected .Then the serum was separated .Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)was used to measure the level changes of serum IL-6.20 cases of healthy people were selected for compari-son.Results The expression of serum IL-6 in groups with or without T2DM was significantly higher than in the normal control group before the first cycle of chemotherapy (P<0.05).The expression of serum IL-6 was decreased in the different-cancer group with T2DM after the first cycle of chemotherapy .But the level was increased after the second cycle of chemo-therapy (P<0.05).The expression of serum IL-6 showed a continuous decrease after the first and the second cycle of chemotherapy in the group without T2DM(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion The expression level of serum IL-6 declines after the first cycle chemotherapy in the malignant tumor groups with T2DM or without T2DM but rises in the malignant tumor group with T2DM after the second cycle chemotherapy .