Objective To evaluate the effects of etomidate preconditioning on etomidate-induced toxicity to rat adrenal cortical cells in vitro.Methods After being primarily cultured for 7-9 days,the rat adrenal cortical cells at the exponential growth phase were seeded into 96-well culture plates (1 × 106 cells/ml) and cultured for 24 h.The cells were then randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 wells in each group:control group (group C),etomidate group (group E),and etomidate preconditioning group (group EP).In group E,the cells were incubated with 700 μmol/L etomidate for 24 h.In group EP,the cells were incubated with 1.25 μmol/L etomidate for 1 h,then washed out and incubated with 700 μmol/L eomidate for 24 h.The cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay and the concentration of cortisol was determined by ELISA.Results Compared with group C,the cell viability and cortisol concentration were significantly decreased in E and EP groups.Compared with group E,the cell viability and cortisol concentration were significantly increased in group EP.Conclusion Etomidate preconditioning can reduce etomidate-induced toxicity to rat adrenal cortical cells in vitro.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-frequency electric dissection for colorectal cysts.Methods The personal information,clinical data,operation methods and postoperative complications of patients who were diagnosed as having colorectal cysts and underwent high-frequency electric dissection in Nanfang hospital and Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University between January 1st,2005 and July 1st,2015 were analysed.All patients enrolled in the study were followed up to obtain their resuits of colonoscopy.Results A total of 63 patients were enrolled into our study,9 lesions located in the ileocecus,17 in the ascending colon,19 in the transverse colon,10 in the descending colon,7 in the sigmoid colon and 1 in the rectum.The maximum diameter of the cysts was 20.2+7.5 mm (5-40 mm).All patients underwent high-frequency electric dissection to remove the cysts completely or part of the cyst wall for drainage.Hemorrhage occurred in only one patient and bleeding stopped after being clipped by Titanium clip.Forty-five patients were followed up and there were no delayed complications or recurrence during a postoperative follow-up of 24.1 + 14.3 months (6-87 months).Conclusion High-frequency electric dissection is a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of colorectal cysts.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of Gingko Biloba extract (GBE) on acute lung hemorrhage induced by Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in newborn rats. Methods 1. Acute lung hemorrhage models were reproduced by intraperitoneal injection with LPS (5 mg/kg). 2. Thirty two rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,GBE groups (4 mg/kg,8 mg/kg, 16 mg/kg) and LPS group 5 mg/kg. Results In group LPS, extensive lung hemorrhage was observed after 4 hours of injection . TNF - ? iung content was obvious in LPS group. The expression of lung nuclear factor(NF-kB )immunohistochemistry wasobvious. While the parameters were obviously attenuated by GBE before LPS. Conclusion GBE may be useful in the treatment of acute pulmonary inflammatory disease.

Objective:To identify the epitope of mAb15A11 which is specific against RA associated autoantigen cartilage oligomeric matrix protein ( COMP ).Methods: A filamentous phage library displaying random linear dodecapeptides was used to mapping the epitope of mAb15A11.After three rounds of screenings,40 phage clones were selected at random and sequenced.The specificity of phages was confirmed by enzyme immunoassays.Homology search by ClustalW2 and structure analysis by PyMol to identified the epitope amino acid sequence.Western blot analysis of COMP and ELISA analysis of COMP-derived peptides were used to confirm epitope′s characterization.Results: After repeated screenings using bio-panning method, 2 clones were identified, which interacted specifically with mAb 15A11.Homology search did not find succession consensus sequence within COMP molecular,which indicated that the epitope was not linear.PyMol Structure analysis identified the rationality of conformational epitope.Western blot analysis and ELISA of EDTA-treated COMP further prove an conformational structure of the epitope recognized by mAb 15A11.ELISA analysis of COMP-derived peptides demonstrated both disulfide bonds between 229 C-243 C and 237 C-253 C and every epitope amino acid of 232 G,238 H,240 H,241 A,244 V,247 R and 251 R were essential to the binding of mAb 15A11 with COMP.Conclusion: In this study, the potential B cell antigentic epitopes of mAb 15A11 was identified by phage display library.The epitope amino acids sequence and char-acterization were also recognized.It may have important theoretical value for the study of reaction mechanism of COMP antibody and antigen and may also show application significance in the detection of rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective To summarize the clinical features of mercury poisoning diagnosed by blood and urine tests for improving the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods Poisoning causes,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis were retrospectively reviewed in 92 in-patients with mercury poisoning in our hospital from January 2000 to April 2010.Results Of the 92 patients,37 were male and 55 were female with an average age of 33.1(2-65)years old.The mercury poisoning was caused by occupational exposure and non-occupational exposure,such as iatrogenic exposure,life exposure and wrong intake or suicidal intake of mercury-containing substances,mainly through respiratory tract,digestive tract and skin absorption.The most common clinical symptoms were as the followings:nervous system symptom,such as memory loss in 50 eases(54.3%),fatigue in 34(37.0%),numb limb in 25 (27.2%),dizziness and headache in 22(23.9%),cacesthesia in 20(21.7%),fine tremor(finger tip,tongue tip,eyelids)in 15(16.3%),insomnia and more dreams in 12(13.0%);gastrointestinal symptoms:nausea in 16 (17.4%),abdominal pain in 14(15.2%),stomatitis in 5(5.4%);joint and muscle symptoms:muscle pain in 16(17.4%),joint pain in 5(5.4%);cardiovaseular system:chest tightness,hean palpitations in 6(6.5%);urinary system:edema in 9(9.8%);other system:hidrosis in 20(21.7%).After the treatment with sodium dimercaptopropane sulfonate (DMPS),the symptoms were gradually alleviated.Their gastrointestinal,cardiovascular symptoms were alleviated within 2 weeks;neurological symptoms were alleviated within 3 months;kidney damage showed a slower recovery and could be completely'alleviated within 6 months.Conclusions Because of its diverse clinical symptoms,the mercury poisoning was easy to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis:therefore the awareness of the disease should be further enhanced.Leaving from the poisoning environment timely and giving appropriate treatment with DMPS will lead to a satisfactory prognosis.

Objective To discuss the effectiveness of the second surgical procedure of adjacent segment degeneration after the first spinal fusion.Method 35 patients who had been performed spinal fusion in our hospital or had symptoms recurred or aggravated after 12 ～ 114 (42 ±35) months of the prior surgery were enrolled in this study.A second surgery was performed and intraoperative the intradiscal pressure of adjacent segments of degeneration and normal segments was measured.The VAS score systems were compared among prior surgery,3 months later and 2 years after the second surgery.Result The intradiscal pressure of adjacent segments after the cervical vertebra and lumbar vertebra fusion were [ (15 ± 4.6)cmH2O,(23 ±5.2)cmH2O],much higher than normal segments [ (3 ±2.3)cmH2O,(8 ±4.1)cmH2O](P ＜0.01).The VAS score systems of 3 months later and 2 years after the second surgery were [ (2.9 ±0.7),(2.0 ± 0.6) ],which were dramatically lower than the prior (7.8 ± 1.2) (P ＜ 0.01).In 12 ～ 46(31 ± 12) months of follow-up after the second procedure,X-ray and MRI showed that fusion segments reached nearly bone fusion,well decompressed and without nerve compression or other complications.Conclusion If recurrence of symptoms after spinal fusion were caused by adjacent segment degeneration,reoperation would guarantee good clinical outcome.

Objective To evaluate the imaging performance and characteristics of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNET), in order to raise awareness of the disease and the diagnostic accuracy. Methods Thirteen patients with pPNET who confirmed by puncture or pathology were enrolled in this study. The CT and MRI features were retrospectively analyzed. Four patients received simple routine CT examination, and 9 patients had MRI examination based on X-ray, CT examination. Results The part of body involved was more widely.Two patients occurred in the sinuses, 1 patient in the chest wall, 1 patient in the lung, and 3 patients in the abdominal and pelvic(1 patient involved the pelvic floor through the pelvic wall lesions to basins), 1 patient in the spine, and 5 patients located in the extremities. The characteristics of pPNET by CT and MRI in soft tissue of 8 patients showed single large soft tissue mass, and the biggest was 11.2 cm × 10.6 cm. In bonds and joints of 5 patients, CT and MRI showed wide range of soft tissue mass, mixed internal signal/density with obviously uneven enhancement, significant bone destruction and dissolvable osseous changes, and no obvious tumor bone and calcification. Conclusions Each site has its relative imaging characteristics of pPNET. CT and MRI can show lesions involving the scope, internal structure, with or without adjacent tissue invasion and metastasis, and provide guidance for clinical treatment and selecting treatment regimen. But in the end, it depends on the diagnosis of pathological and immunohistochemical examination.

Objective To explore the dynamic changes and clinical significance of relative pituitary hormones in children after craniocerebral injury.Methods The quantitative analysis and dynamic observation were performed in 125 children after craniocerebral injury and 20 voluntary healthy children of relative pituitary hormones including serum prolactin(PRL),cortisol(PTC),three free triiodothyronine (FT3),free thyroxine (FT4),thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),growth hormone (GH) by applying electrochemical luminescence method.Tbe hormone variational characteristics were analyzed according to posttraumatic time,Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) scores on admission and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores on discharge,and the relationship between hormone variational characteristics of 58 cases was followed up over 2 years and the activities of daily living (ADL) were also investigated.Results The serum PRL was significantly increased on the first,third and fifth day compared with the healthy control group (P =0.000 0,0.000 0,0.006 7),respectively.There was significant difference between mild,moderate and severe groups within 30 days after suffering from craniocerebral injury (P ＜ 0.05).PTC was heavily increased within 3 days,and significant difference existed among mild and moderate groups mild and severe groups (all P ＜ 0.05) ; TSH,FT3,FT4 decreased slightly after injury and gradually rose in later;GH change wasn't significant;and the larger variation of relative pituitary hormones was responsible for lower GCS scores;FT3,FT4,TSH,and GH decreased in different degrees,which were found in parts of children with craniocerebral injury,and the significant difference of serum PRL existed between GOS scores 4-5 and GOS scores 1-3 groups (P =0.000 1).Conclusions The changes of relative pituitary hormones were associated with the posttraumatic time and the severity of craniocerebral injury.The PRL in serum can aid in prediction of outcome for the children with craniocerebral injury.

Objective To investigate changes of relative pituitary hormones in adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the related clinical significance.Methods Quantitative analysis and dynamic observation of relative pituitary hormones were performed in 158 TBI patients by electrochemical luminescence method.Measured indices included plasma total cortisol (PTC),free triiodothyronine (lT3),free thyroxine (FT4),thyrotropin (TSH),growth hormone,follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),luteinizing hormone (LH),estradiol,testosterone,and prolactin.Results Prolactin and PTC increased in the acute phase,but gradually reduced three days after trauma.TSH,FT3,and FT4 slightly decreased after trauma,followed by a gradual return.While there were no significant changes in FSH,LH,estradiol,testosterone,and growth hormone after trauma.Changes in relative pituitary hormones were more profound in patients with a lower GCS.Some patients presented different degree of reduced hormones in recovery period and needed hormone replacement therapy.Among the patients with poor activity of daily living (ADL),lvothyroxine replacement therapy was applied in 2 patients (2/6),prednisone acetate in 1 (1/6),and eleven acid testosterone in 2 (2/6).Among patients with mild ADL,levothyroxine replacement therapy was applied in 2 patients (11％),prednisone acetate in 1 (6％),and eleven acid testosterone in 3 (17％).Among patients with good ADL,levothyroxine replacement therapy was applied in 2 patients (4％) and eleven acid testosterone in 3 (6％).Persistent prolactin elevation was found in patients with poor outcome.Conclusions Changes of relative pituitary hormones in adult patients with TBI are associated with severity and duration of trauma.Abnormal prolactin level can affect outcome of the patients.

The HPLC-MS/MS method was developed to profile the dynamics of abscisic acid (ABA) and ABA-glucose ester (ABA-GE) after cloning glycosyltransferase enzyme family gene AtUGT71C5 into Arabidopsis thaliana. By constructing over-expression lines (OE) and down-expression lines (DN), we acquired mutant strains to analyze the function of AtUGT71C5. The multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) was used for quantitative determination in negative mode. The transition was m/z 263.1-153.0 for ABA ([M-H]t), m/z 425.1-263.0 for ABA-GE ([M-H]t), and m/z 321.0-152.0 for chloramphe-nicol. The linear range was 0.8684-217.1 ng/mL for ABA and 0.3920-196.0 ng/mL for ABA-GE. The accuracy was 88.0-109.0% for ABA and 86.6-113.0% for ABA-GE; the inter-day and intra-day precisions were less than 5.4%for ABA and 8.9%for ABA-GE, respectively. This method is simple and sensitive enough for determination of ABA and ABA-GE in A. thaliana leaves. All the evidence confirmed the speculation that AtUGT71C5 can mediate abscisic acid homeostasis.