OBJECTIVE To summarize the use of intraoperative neuromonitoring system for monitoring and protection of recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery. METHODS There were 21 cases in this study, included 5 cases with thyroid cancer, 9 cases with thyroid benign tumor and 7cases with hyperthyroidism. Intraoperative neuromonitoring system includes the host monitor, stimulus detection pin of recurrent laryngeal nerve, special EMG endotracheal intubation tube which contacts vocal cord, grounding conductive circuit electrode, and anti-jamming probe. Operation method: a "three-step method" was adopted. First we revealed the cervical vagus nerve trunk and tested our instruments, and then dissected and protected the recurrent laryngeal nerve, followed by removal of thyroid tissue. RESULTS In all 21 patients, operative side recurrent laryngeal nerve were exposed from lower thyroid blood vessels to the larynx. All patients were phonated as well as before operation, and without drinking cough. CONCLUSION The intraoperative neuromonitoring system can avoid damage of the recurrent laryngeal nerves when we exposed the recurrent laryngeal nerve before resection of the thyroid tissue and tumor.

Objective To analyze the space-time characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Shijiazhuang by using geographic information system (GIS).Methods The data of HFMD during 2009 to 2011 in Shijiazhuang were collected and GIS database was created.Special map was drawn by PHGIS software to analyze the space-time characteristics of HFMD in Shijiazhuang.Results The epidemic situation of HFMD in Shijiazhuang appeared sporadic with local centralization.The attack ranked alternately rise year after year and high epidemic areas were geographically complimentary.Overall epidemic levels tend dropping from 2009 to 2011 and there were differences among areas.The high-attack areas of HFMD changed over time.Conclusions GIS can provide direct-viewing of the space-time characteristics of HFMD and further understand the prevalence of HFMD,which could help to provide the scientific basis of HFMD control in Shijiazhuang.

Objective To investigate the effect of lidocaine on plasma S100β protein in patients with supratentorial tumor surgery.Methods Thirty patients with supratentorial tumor surgery were selected,ASA grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade.The patients were divided into lidocaine group and control group by random digits table with 15 cases each.In lidocaine group,a dose of 2％ lidocaine was administered as an intravenous bolus (1.5 mg/kg) after induction,followed by an intravenous infusion at rate of 2 mg/ (kg ·h) until the end of surgery.In control group,0.9％ sodium chloride was given in the same volume and the same rate.Bloods were sampled from bulb of jugular vein to measure the plasma S100β protein before surgery,end of surgery and 1 day after surgery.Results The plasma S100 β protein before surgery,end of surgery and 1 day after surgery in lidocaine group were (21.03 ± 11.67),(32.63 ± 10.14) and (34.16 ± 17.59) ng/L,in control group were (23.04 ± 13.32),(44.98 ± 16.63) and (39.85 ± 21.99) ng/L.There were no statistical differences in the plasma S100 β protein before surgery and 1 day after surgery between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05),but there was statistical difference end of surgery between the 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Intraoperative infusion of lidocaine can decrease the plasma S100β protein end of supratentorial tumor surgery.

Objective To evaluate the value of dual-phase spiral CT scanning in diagnosis of small pancreatic carcinoma.Methods 21 cases with small pancreatic carcinoma (≤2 cm) underwent plain CT scan and dual-phase eahanced spiral CT including arterial phase(20~25 s after infusion)and pancreatic phase(50~60 s after infusion)with a 100 ml bolus injection of contrast material at 3~6 ml/s.CTattenuation values of tumor and normal pancreas in all scanning phase were obtained.Results The mean CT value of tumor was(42?14) HU(arterial phase)and (48?18) HU(pancreatic phase),the mean CT value of normal pancreas was (105?15) HU(arterial phase)and (86?11) HU(pancreatic phase).The dens difference of tumor-pancreas was significantly on arterial phase (69?15) HU.Conclusion The maximum dens difference of tumor-pancreas can be obtained on arterial phase CT scan,it has advantages in diagnosing pancreatic carcinoma of early period and to judge the resectionability of pancreatic carcinoma.

The histopathological changs of the dog eyes caused by acute and subacute toxic effectsof hematoporphyrin monoether--PsD-044 were observed in this research. The results showed thatPsD-044 could lead to keratoscleritis and scleral perivasculitis. Phototoxic cyclitis and inflammatory edema of the retina were more serious in deferred killed animals, suggesting that it is necessary to avoid exposure to light after the administration of PsD-044.

Objective:To explore the effect of sub-inhibitory concentration of imipenem on the bio-activities of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and illuminate the inhibitory effects of carbapenem antibioty on the activity of MRSA and their mechanisms,and to provide the basis for using the carbapenem antibiotics in the treatment of MRSA infection.Methods:Five ST239 type of MRSA clinical isolates were selected and were co-cultured with 1/10 and 1/2 minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of imipenem for 1.5,6.0 and 12.0 h,which were divided into control group(no imipenem),1/10MIC group(1/10MIC of imipenem),and 1/2MIC group(1/2MIC of imipenem).Fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR method was used to determine the relative mRNA expression levels of virulence-related genes fibronectin A(fnbA),staphylococcal protein A(spa),α-hemolysin(Hla),leukocidin D(lek-D),leukocidin E(lek-E),and enterotoxin A in various groups;Spectrophotometry was used to detect the proliferation activity of MRSA strains in various groups in vitro.Results:After co-culture for 6.0 and 12.0 h,the proliferation activities of 5 trains of MRSA in 1/2MIC group in vitro were significantly decreased compared with control group (P<0.01).The relative mRNA expression levels of 6 virulence-related genes of 5 strains of MRSA in 1/10MIC and 1/2MIC groups were significantly decreased compared with control group(P<0.01).After co-culture for 12.0 h,the mRNA expressions of all the tested virulence-related genes were not found.Conclusion:The sub-inhibitory concentration of imipenem shows obviously inhibitory effect on the mRNA expressions of multiple virulence-related genes of ST 239 type of MRSA strains,and higher concentration of imipenem can suppress the proliferation of MRSA strains in vitro.Imipenem shows the potential value in the treatment of the severe MRSA infected patients.

Objective To evaluate the results and toxic effects in three dimensional radiotherapy (3DCRT)with late course accelerated hyper-fractionation for advanced esophageal carcinoma.Methods From December 2001 to December 2003,115 patients were randomly divided into two groups:in 3DCRT group,55 patients were given late course accelerated hyper-fractionation radiotherapy to a total close of 66 Gy (2.0 Gy per fraction,5 times per week;to a dose of 36 Gy were changed into 1.5 Gy/f,2 f/d).In CF group,60 patients were given late course accelerated hyper-fractionation radiotherapy to a total dose of 66 Gy.Results The 1-, 2-,3-,4-year survival rates in 3DCRT group were 63.6 %, 50.9 %, 38.2 %, 30.9 % compared to 58.3 %, 38.3 %,33.3 %,23.3 % in CF group(X~2=4.44,P=0.031),and local control rates in 1-,2-,3-,and 4- years in 3DCRT group were 72.7 %,58.1%,47.2 % and 36.3 %,compared to 53.3 %,40 %,28.3 %,and 20 %(X~2=5.33,P=0.013)in CF group.However,in the 3DCRT group,the incidence of acute esophagitis was similar to CF group; hematogenous toxic and acute bronchitis were similar between the two groups. Late course lung injury in CF group was higher than that in 3DCRT group.Conclusion 3DCRT is able to improve the local control rate and survival rate,and unable to improve acute and late radiation toxie effects.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the outcomes of T3a prostate cancer with unfavorable prognostic factors treated with permanent interstitial brachytherapy combined with external radiotherapy and hormone therapy.

METHODSFrom January 2003 to December 2008, 38 patients classified as T3a prostate cancer with unfavorable prognostic factors were treated with trimodality therapy (brachytherapy + external radiotherapy + hormone therapy). The prescription dose of brachytherapy and external radiotherapy were 110 Gy and 45 Gy, respectively. The duration of hormone therapy was 2-3 years. The endpoints of this study included biochemical failure-free survival (BFFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). Survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Log-rank test was used to identify the prognostic predictors for univariate analysis.

RESULTSThe median follow-up was 71 months. The serum pre-treatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level ranged from 10.0 to 99.8 ng/ml (mean 56.3 ng/ml), the Gleason score ranged from 5 to 9 (median 8), and the percentage of positive biopsy cores ranged from 10% to 100% (mean 65%). The 5-year BFFS, DMFS, CSS, and OS rates were 44%, 69%, 82%, and 76%, respectively. All biochemical failures occurred within 40 months. The percentage of positive biopsy cores was significantly correlated with BFFS, DMFS, and OS (all P=0.000), and the Gleason score with DMFS (P=0.000) and OS (P=0.001).

CONCLUSIONST3a prostate cancer with unfavorable prognostic factors presents not so optimistic outcome. Hormone therapy should be applied to prolong the biochemical progression-free or metastasis-free survival. The percentage of positive biopsy cores and the Gleason score are significant prognostic factors.

Androgen Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Brachytherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; agonists ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Grading ; Prognosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Chronic Disease ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Suppositories

Anthocyanins are a ubiquitous group of water-soluble plant pigments of the flavonoid family, with anticancer property through HER-2 signaling pathway. Nowadays, molecular docking plays an important role in exposing the active sites and obtaining the bioactive conformation involving protein-ligand interactions. According to the crystal structure of HER-2 kinase domain and 12 main antitumor compounds of anthocyanins as well as ATP, a molecular docking study was performed by MVD program. All 12 compounds could bind to the same cavity of HER-2 kinase domain by high affinity (MolDock Score < -105 kJ/mol for anthocyanidins, < -130 kJ/mol for anthocyanidins-glc), where hydrophobic force and hydrogen bond played key roles. Additionally, this cavity overlapped with ATP binding (MolDock Score = -161 kJ/mol) domain; the binding of anthocyanins presumably interfered the H bond formation between ATP and HER-2. These results indicate that anthocyanins may competitively bind to ATP binding site in HER-2 kinase domain by suppressing HER-2 activation and downstream signaling cascade. This may provide useful theoretical instruction for the molecular mechanism of HER-2 kinase activity inhibition by anthocyanins in cancer prevention and treatment.
Anthocyanins ; chemistry ; Catalytic Domain ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; chemistry