AIM: To optimize the parameters of processing for Arctium Lappa.METHODS: The contents of arctiin and arctigenin in Arctium Lappa were determined with HPLC,and the total yields of them were chosen as in-dex.The orthogonal test was adopted to acquire the optimum technology for processing Arctium Lappa.RESULTS: The study showed that the best processing parameters for Arctium Lappa consisted of 300 ℃ of the drying tempera-ture and 4-5 minutes of processing time.CONCLUSION: The processing method is reasonable,stable and reliable,and can be used in commercial production.

Objective to study the factors of delaying survival of the ankle and foot which were linked with leg only by skin, fascia and tibia after all the infected and inactivated muscles and intermuscular vessels had been removed, and to study the effect of artery blood supply reconstruction to avoid the necrosis and ischemia contracture of the foot. Methods The leg was linked with ankle and foot by the tibia which was covered only by skin and fascia after all the muscles, interosseous membrance, intermuscular vessels and fibula had been removed. And then the artery blood supply for the injured limb was reconstructed by stages. Results The sense of haphalgesia, with normal temperature and color, recovered in the injured limb 7 months after operation, no contracture and deformity happened in the food muscles and joint, and the patient may smooth stand and walk with a stick freely. Conclusion The necrosis and ischemia contracture of foot was delayed by reticular collateral circulation among skin, deep and superficial fascia and tibia of the injured limb, although the blood supply was very little after all the muscles and intermuscular vessels had been removed because of infection and necrosis. Finally the injured limb was reserved successfully by artery blood supply reconstruction. The clinical effect was satisfactory.

Objective:To investigate the effect of IL-6?TNF-? and TGF-? 1 on the occurrence and development of DM and DN.Methods:To observe the changes of IL-6?TNF-? and TGF-? 1 amount in normal group ?DM group and DN respectively .Results:The amount of IL-6?TNF-? and TGF-? 1 in DM group and DN group are markedly higher that in normal group.The amount of IL-6?TNF-??TGF-? 1 in DN is markedly higher than that in DM group.Conclusion:IL-6?TNF-? and TGF-? 1 play an very important role in the occurrence and development in DM and DN.

Objective　To investigate the operation treatment of gallbladder carcinoma(GBC). Methods The clinical data of 132 patients with GBC from 1980 to 1999 were analysed. Results　The mean age was 55 years and the occurrence sex ratio in female/male was 1.5∶1. Gallstone was found in 80% of the patients, and 87.1% of the GBC were adenocarcinoma. Before December 1990(forward group), simple cholecystectomy were performed on 11 cases, radical cholecystectomy on 9 cases, extended radical cholecystectomy on 5 cases, palliative extra- or intra- drainge on 15 cases, surgical biopsy on 30% cases. Hospital death occurred in 4 cases, the postoperative complications occurred in 20 cases including biliary fistula in 4 cases, pancreatic fistula in 2 cases. Since January 1991(latter group), radical simple cholecystectomy were performed on 2 cases, radical cholecystectomy on 16 cases, extended radical cholecystectomy on 24 cases; palliative extra- or intra- drainge in 9 cases, surgical biopsy on 8 cases. Hospital death occurred in 1 cases; postoperative complications in 12 cases, including biliary fistula in 1 cases, pancreatic fistula in 1 cases. Radical resection rate was 35.7% in forword group, 72.6% in latter group. Conclusions　Surgical tech-nique progress and application with Peng's Multifunctional Operative Dissector can improve the resection rate of GBC. Extended redical resection is an effective and active method to treat middle or late stage GBC.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence and subtype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and its correlation with age among women in Beijing urban area, and provide some epidemiological evidence for the clinical application of HPV vaccines.

METHODSWe collected cervical specimens from 1999 women in the Outpatient Department of our hospital, performed genetyping of HPV-DNA, and analyzed the incidence of HPV infection in different age groups.

RESULTSHPV infection was detected in 502 (25.2%) of the 1999 women patients, with 391 (19.6%) cases of high-risk HPV, which included 326 (83.4%, 326/391) cases of single infection. HPV-16 was the most common type (21.2%, 69/326), followed by HPV-52 (19.3%, 63/326) and HPV-58 (16.0%, 52/326). The prevalence of HPV infection was the highest among the women aged 41 -50 years and the lowest among those over 60 years.

CONCLUSIONThe subtype- and age-specific distribution of HPV infection among women in Beijing urban area shows an obvious heterogeneity, which deserves due consideration in the clinical application of HPV vaccines.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Papillomaviridae ; classification ; genetics ; Papillomavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; Young Adult

Objective To determine relationships between daily activities measured as modified version of Pulmonary Functional status and Dyspnea Questionaire (PFSDQ-M) and functional capacity and symptoms experienced in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Convenience sample of 94 COPD patients with stable condition were assessed by interview with PFSDQ-M Chinese version and modified Medical Research council dyspnea scale (MMRC) respectively. Pulmonary function test (PFT) and 6-minute walking test (6MWT) were undergone on the same day or within one week as interview. PFSDQ-M has three subscales,i.e.,change experienced by patient with activities (CA),dyspnea with activities (DA) and fatigue with activities (FA). Results Scores of CA,DA and FA correlated to 6-minute walking distancer= (-0.37)- (-0.42),FEV_1 r=(-0.27)-(-0.32),FEV_1/FVC r= (-0.27)- (-0.32),dyspnea rated by MMRC (r=0.55-0.60) and BODE index (r=0.35-0.40),respectively (all P<0.01). dyspnea explained 26% of the variance in changes of activities. Conclusions Physical activities moderately changed in patients with stable COPD;Dyspnea is the best predictor of limitation of daily activities.

Objective To explore the expert survey of the weight and the current common weight of the similarities and differences in the quantitative analysis of the symptoms in syndrome evaluation. Methods Through the expert questionnaire survey, the data of the questionnaire were analyzed by SPSS11.5 software. For the question of whether the weight of each symptom was the same, the frequency of the experts who gave yes and no was calculated. For the weight of the specific number of such openness, the weight given by the experts was listed firstly, and then the weight of frequency of each expert was calculated, and the frequency of the largest weight was selected as the weight of the symptoms to determine the weight of the syndrome quantification assignment in the evaluation of the efficacy of the syndrome, and to compare the obtained weight with the current weight. Results The weight of the two methods is very close in the weight of the primary symptom and the weight of secondary symptom. But as for whether the weight of the primary symptom and secondary symptom is the same, the majority of the experts think that it should be different, and the current usual practice is to give the same weight. Conclusion During the weight determination, not every primary symptom or secondary symptom is the same important. Therefore, the practice of giving the same weight to evry primary symptom and secondary symptom is questionable.

The experiment was performed at Basic Medical College and First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University from September 2004 to December 2005. Totally 60 Kunming mice were divided into 5 groups randomly: ①blank control group (n =15) and simple radiation group (n =15). The mice were given 0.2 mL sterile saline by intraperitoneal injection. ②antineoplastic polypeptide from Buthus Martensii Venom (APBMV) group (n =10) and APBMV plus radiation group (n =10) received 0.2 mL APBMV according to prepared concentration by intraperitoneal injection. ③Katsutoxin extract Ⅲ plus radiation group (n =10) received 0.2 mL katsutoxin extract Ⅲ by intraperitoneal injection every other 5.5 hours for 7 days. After 24 hours from the last injection, the mice were endured 60Co g ray radiation (80 cm, 7.5 Gy irradiation dose, 0.27 Gy/min dose rate). Then katsutoxin extract Ⅲ was given same as above for 7 days. Then bone marrow was extracted to be cultured to colony-forming unit-granulocyte and monocyte (CFU-GM). The findings showed that colony amount of APBMV plus radiation group and katsutoxin extract Ⅲ plus radiation group was obviously more than that of simple radiation group [(32?5),(27?3),(2?1)pieces/well,P

AIM To study the chemical constituents from twigs of Trigonostemon lutescens Y.T.Chang et J.Y.Liang.METHODS The ethyl acetate fraction of 95％ ethanol extract from T.lutescens twigs was isolated and purified by silica,Sephadex LH-20 and MCI column,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.RESULTS Ten compounds were isolated and elucidated as 3-O-acetyloleanolic acid (1),methyl 3-acetoxy-12-enly-oleanen-28-oate (2),taraxerone (3),spiciflorin (4),simiarenol (5),β-sitosterol palmitate (6),3,3',4-tri-O-methylellagic acid (7),β-sitosterol (8),stigamasterol (9),palmitic acid (10).CONCLUSION Compounds 1-6 are isolated from genus Trigonostemon for the first time,compounds 7 and 9 are first obtained from this plant.

Objective To establish the phenobarbital addiction rat model by the modified drug‐admixed‐food(DAF) method . Methods Rats were selected as the experimental animal .The modified DAF method was adopted to construct the model .The initial dose of phenobarbital 75 mg/kg was given mixed and the dase was gradually increased day by day ,which continued for 45 d .The es‐tablished model was verified by the precipitated withdrawal method and the natural withdrawal method for judging whether the model construction succeeding .Results The convulsion rate in the DAF precipitated withdrawal group was higher than that in the control group(P< 0 .01) ;the withdrawal symptoms scores in the DAF natural withdrawal group were higher than those in the con‐trol group(P< 0 .05) ;the relieving degree of body mass in the two withdrawal groups was greater than that in the control group (P< 0 .05) .The brain section in the mode group revealed obvious cellular apoptotic change .Conclusion DAF is simple and feasible for establishing the phenobarbital addiction rat model .