OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics of domestic nimodipin capsule in 12 healthy volunteers.METHO_DS:An oral dose of 60mg nimodipin capsule was given to healthy volunteers,and plasma concentrations of nimodipin were determined by HPLC.The data were fitted by 3p97 program.RESULTS:The results showed that the plasma concentration-time curves profile conformed to a two compartment open model.The T1/2?,Tmax,Cmax,AUC(0～6) of this product was(2.53?1.18)h,(0.42?0.14)h,(75.41?27.65)ng/ml and (155.85?49.54)ng/(h?ml),respectively.CONCLUSION:Retention time of this preparation in healthy volunteers is short with Tmax of about 0.4h,which provides useful information for clinical practice.

Objective To investigate effects and complications of medline and paramedian approaches for intravertebral anesthesia in knee arthroscopy.Methods A total of 120 ASA I or II patients scheduled for knee arthroscopy were randomly assigned into 2 groups: either receiving midline approach intravertebral block(Medline Group) or paramedian approach block(Paramedian Group).A combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was performed with the single-segment needle-through-needle technique in both groups.The anesthetic response time,successful puncture rate,incidence of paresthesia,incidence of difficult epidural catheterization,incidence of traumatic needle placement,and backache rate and duration of both groups were observed respectively.Values of SBP,DBP,HR,and SpO2 at 1,5,10,30 minutes after anesthesia respectively were recorded.Results There were no significant differences(P

Objective To summarize the experience of anesthesia management of retroperitoneoscopic surgery in aged patients(aged more than 70 years old).Methods The clinical data of 81 aged patients(ranged from 70 to 86 years old,mean:74.2 years old)receiving retroperioneoscopic surgery from October 2002 to January 2007 was reviewed retrospectively in our hospital.Of whom,77 patients had concomitant diseases.81 patients were operated on under general anesthesia.Results Hypercarbia,acidosis and hypertension occurred in 35(43.2%),35(43.2%) and 41(50.6%) cases,respectively,after pneumoperitoneum.Tracheal catheters were pulled out in 66 patients in operation room,with the decannulation time being 5-50 minutes(mean,15.1 minutes).14 patients(17.3%) were transferred to ICU postoperatively.1 patient(1.2%) died from acute myocardial infarction.Sever delirious state was found in 1 patient.Conclusions On the basis of cautious perianesthesia management,aged patients can tolerate hypercapnia,acidosis and elevation of blood pressure induced by pneumoperitoneum,but the management of perianesthesia period should be prudent.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the general anesthesia for laparoscopy-assisted surgery in aged patients (≥80years). Methods The effects of general anesthesia in 39 patients who underwent laparoscopy-assisted surgery during the period from May 2000 to February 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. All the patients were 80 years old or above, with a mean of 83.3 years old. Among the patients 38 cases had systemic diseases, and some of them had more than one concomitant disease. The systemic diseases included diabetes mellitus in 6 cases, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease in 10 cases, hypertension in 18 cases, arrhythmia in 15 cases, cerebral vascular disease in 8 cases and anemia in 1 case. The laparoscopy-assisted surgery included cholecystectomy in 14 cases, radical resection for rectal cancer in 6 cases, for colon carcinoma in 8 cases, and for kidney cancer in 6 cases, and resection for colonic benign tumor, hernioplasty, gastro-jejunal anastomosis and fenestration of hepatic or renal cysts in 1 patient each. Results During the peri-narcosis period cerebral infarction occurred in 1 patient, and 20 patients were transferred to Intensity Care Unit. After operation 33 patients (84.6%) were cured and 6 patients (15.4%) had the illness condition improved. Conclusions The general anesthesia in laparoscopy-assisted surgery is safe and feasible for the elderly patients over 80 years old. The elderly patients may safely tide over the peri-narcosis period with good prognosis with effective control of complications and concomitant diseases. So the general anesthesia should not be categorically forbidden in laparoscopy-assisted surgery for the elderly patients with complications.

Acid/base mutants of glycosidases, namely thioglycoligases, are able to catalyze thioglycosides synthesis. Now, many thioglycoligases, including ?-thioglucoligase, ?-thiomannoligase, ?-thiogalactoligase, ?-thioxyloligase and ?-thioglucoligase, have been developed from bacteria and archaebacteria, and applied in synthesizing various thioglycoligases. Recently, thioglycoligases have been used to glycosylate the glycoprotein and firstly generate the thioglycoprotein. The novel extended synthetic function of glycosidases would promote the development of glycobiology, biotechnology and pharmacy.

Early Diagnosis ; Hearing Loss ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn

Objective To investigate the MRI features of urethral sphincter in female with stress urinary incontinence(SUI) by the study of the indexes of the thickness of middle urethral sphincter, the function urethral length and bladder neck funnel . Methods Forty patients of female patients diagnosed as SUI by clinical were retrospectively as SUI group, and 40 asymptomatic female volunteers were recruited as reference group. All of the subjects were tested by pelvic MRI scanning both in static status and in the condition of Valsalva. The thickness of middle urinary sphincter was measured in the horizontal axis plane. In the midsagittal plane, the function urethral length was measured from the internal orifice to perineal fascia. The bladder neck funnel whether exist was observed from the midsagittal plane. For the comparison of the urinary sphincter thickness and urethral length of the two groups, independent sample t test was adopted. For urethral length in static status and under the condition of Valsalva, paired t test was done. For comparison of positive rate of the bladder neck funnel, Chi?squared test has been done. Results The value of the middle urinary sphincter thickness in the groups of SUI and reference were (2.23±0.68) mm and (2.69± 0.75) mm, respectively. Thus the differences of the two groups had statistical significance (t=-2.839, P<0.01 ). In the static status, the urethral length in SUI and reference group were (2.72±0.51) cm and (2.94± 0.34) cm respectively, wheras in Valsalva condition, the value were (2.33 ± 0.49) cm and (2.43 ± 0.43) cm respectively. The differences of the two groups had statistical significance in static status (t=-2.322, P=0.023), wheras there had no statistical significance in the two groups in Valsalva condition (t=-1.049,P=0.297). For SUI and reference group, both in static status and Valsalva condition, the difference of function urethral length had statistical significance (P< 0.01). The positive rate of bladder neck funnel for SUI was 72.5% (29/40), and for reference was 22.5% (9/40), the difference of the two groups had statistical significance(χ2=20.050, P<0.01). Conclusion For female SUI patients, urinary sphincter muscle is much thinner, function urethral length is much shorter and has higher positive rate of bladder neck funnel.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes in each radical line of pelvic floor levator hiatus in female with stress urinary incontinence(SUI). Methods A retrospective analysis of MR images was performed in 30 female patients with clinically diagnosed SUI and 30 asymptomatic female volunteers recruited as reference group. All of the subjects underwent pelvic MRI scanning both in static statusand Valsalva maneuver, respectively, Valsalva was performed by attempt to forcibly urinate while holding her breath, respectively. Area of pelvic diaphragm hiatus (LHA), ntero-posterior length (LHL) and tmixmum width (LHW) were measured in horizontal axis plane of the obtained images.H line distance was measured in the midsagittal plane. Independent sample t test was performed to compare the difference in LHA, LHL and LHW between two groups. Paired t test was used to compare difference in LHA, LHL and LHW between two groups in static status and Valsalva maneuver, respectively. Results In static status, the values in LHA, LHL, LHW and H line distance for SUI groups were(28.7±19.3) cm2, (7.1±2.2) cm, (4.7± 1.6 ) cm and (5.7±1.1) cm, respectively. The parameters for the reference group were(13.1±3.7)cm2, (5.3± 0.8) cm, (3.4 ± 0.5) cm and (5.7 ± 0.9) cm, respectively. The difference in LHA, LHL, LHW between two groups was statistically significant (t=4.33, 4.36, 4.23, and P<0.01 for all indexes), whereas the difference in H line distance between two groups was no statistically significanct because of P> 0.05. In Valsalva
maneuver, LHA, LHL, LHW and H line distance were (40.0±26.0) cm2, (8.0±2.3) cm, (6.0±2.5) cm and (6.1± 1.5)cm for SUI group, and were (16.2±6.2) cm2,(5.5±1.0) cm, (3.6±0.8) cm and (6.0±1.0) cm for the reference group, respectively. The difference in LHA, LHL and LHW between two groups was statistically significant, (t=4.88, 5.36, 4.91 respectively, and P<0.01), whereas the differencein H value between two groups was no statistically significant (P< 0.05). For SUI group , the difference of LHA, LHL and LHW between static status and Valsalva maneuver had statistically significant with P<0.01. For reference group, the difference of LHA and LHL between static status and Valsalva maneuver had statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Dynamic and static pelvic MRI can evaluate the morphology and variation of pelvic floor levator hiatus much intuitively and accurately. pelvic floor levator hiatus becomes enlarged in female with SUI.

Objective To optimize the alcohol extraction technique of the medical herbs such as Rhizoma Corydalis and Radix Angelicae Dahuricae. Methods To optimize the alcohol extraction technique with L9(34) orthogonal test. The content of the tetrahydropalmatine in Rhizoma Corydalis,which was used as evaluating criteria,was determined by HPLC. Results The optimized extraction technique was as follows: the medicinal material was extracted for 3 times with 3 times amount of 75% alcohol,1.5 hours per time. Conclusions The optimized technique is reasonable and the extraction rate was high.

Objective To evaluate the clin ical value of Multi-slice helical CT three dimensional angiography (3D-MSCTA) as first method for diagnosing intracr anial aneurysms. Methods We studied patients with clinical suspected intracranial aneurysms (13 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage among cases). All these patients under went 3D-MSCTA and Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA), 16 patients of them accepte d operation treatment. Row data was acquired by Multi-slice helical CT-AQUILION (Toshiba): scan speed 0.5 s/rot, image slice thickness 1.0 mm, helical pitch 3 .0/5.0. Contrast media (Angiografin) was injected intravenously (1.0-2.0 ml/kg) at spee d of 2.5-3.0 ml/s, delay time was 15-23 sec, reconstruction interval 0.5 mm, recons truction slice thickness 1.0 mm. Source images were processed using a workstation SGI-O2 , images post-processing software was ALATOVIEW,Version 1.21. The reconstructed images were then processed into shaded volume rendering (SVR) and maximal intensity projection (M IP) and Fly-through images. Entire brain DSA was performed obtaining anterioposteri or, lateral, and oblique images. Images of 3D-MSCTA and DSA were analysed by 3 radiologists and 2 neurosurgeons. Results 25 aneurysms were d etected by 3D-MSCTA. Aneurysms′s body, neck, source vessel and the relationship between the aneurysm and surrounding structures was clearly and surely displayed. 22 of 25 aneurysms were detected by DSA,another 3 were (1 anterior communicating artery aneurysm and 2 left middle cerebral artery aneurysm) was not detected. Sixteen of patients un derwent operation treatment, and the results of 3D-MSCTA corresponded very well to those of operation. Maximal diameter of aneurysms body was 14.0 mm and minimal diameter w as 1.7 mm. Conclusion 3D-MSCTA is a high sensitivity and rapid and no ninvasive method for detecting intracranial aneurysms. We suggest that 3D-MSCTA may be the first cho ice for diagnosing intracranial aneurysms.