Hyperuricemia mice model was established with uricase inhibitor (potassium oxonate) and uric acids in serum were observed. Polydatin (5, 10, 20 mg · kg(-1)) and benzbromarone (16.7 mg · kg(-1)) were given ig for 7 d in mice. Kidney tissues were used to detect gene contents ofurate anion transporter 1 (URAT1), organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1) and organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3) by real-time-PCR. The results showed that polydatin and benzbromarone can significantly reduce uric acid in blood of hyperuricemia mice (P < 0.05), compared with the model group. URAT1, OAT1 and OAT3 contents of the kidney in hyperuricemia mice changed significantly (P < 0.05), compared with the blank group. Polydatin can significantly inhibit the changing trends in these genes induced by potassium oxonate in a dose-dependent manner, the difference was significant (P < 0.05), compared with the model group. Those indicated that polysatin could reduce the level of the serum uric acid through promoting uric acid excretion.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; Hyperuricemia ; drug therapy ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; Stilbenes ; pharmacology ; Uric Acid ; blood

Objective To explore the treatment effect and prognosis of BiPAP non-invasive ventilator of sequential mechanical ventilation for the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) complicated with pulmonary encephalopathy,and to provide the basis for clinical therapy.Methods According to the digital table,62 AECOPD patients with pulmonary encephalopathy were selected and randomly divided into the two groups.And 30 cases in the control group received routine treatment,and 32 cases in the observation group received BiPAP non-invasive ventilator sequential ventilation.The partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and oxygen saturation (SaO2) before and after treatment,the changes of heart rate,respiratory rate and average arterial pressure of the two groups and the improvement time were observed.Results PaO2 and SaO2 of the two groups after treatment were higher than those before treatment (t =12.30,10.37,11.42,13.71,all P ＜0.05).PaO2 and SaO2 of the observation group after treatment were (77.14 ±4.16)mmHg and (90.37 ± 2.04) ％,which were higher than the control group after the treatment (72.96 ± 3.22) mmHg and (85.80 ± 1.96) ％(t =6.58,7.14,all P ＜ 0.05).PaCO2 of the two groups after treatment was lower than that before treatment (t =9.25,10.22,all P ＜ 0.05).PaCO2 of the observation group after treatment was (50.12 ± 2.86) mmHg,which was lower than that before treatment (54.27 ± 3.01) mmHg (t =6.29,P ＜ 0.05).The heart rate,respiratory rate and mean arterial pressure of the control group and the observation group after treatment were lower than before treatment (t =10.11,9.43,8.66,11.28,8.56,9.15,all P ＜0.05).The heart rate,respiratory rate and mean arterial pressure of the observation group after treatment were (76.52 ± 4.35) times/min,(20.35 ± 1.08) times/min and (83.26 ±3.07)mmHg,which were lower than those of the control group after treatment (t =6.44,5.82,6.70,all P ＜ 0.05).The blood gas improvement time,ventilation time and hospitalization time of the observation group were (4.06 ±1.17)d,(4.53 ±0.90) d and (16.18 ±2.20) d,which were lower than the control group (t =6.13,7.05,5.97,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The BiPAP non-invasive ventilator sequential ventilation for the treatment of AECOPD with pulmonary encephalopathy has good treatment effect,which can improve the difficult ventilation of patients,avoid hypoxia and CO2 retention,shorten treatment time.

Purpose To investigate the second generation dual source CT low tube voltage (100 kV) combined with sonogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE) in assessing coronary artery stents. Materials and Methods One hundred and fifty-six patients underwent CT coronary angiography after implanted coronary artery stents. Among all the patients, 86 cases were performed with 100 kV combined with SAFIRE, and 70 cases with 120 kV combined with filtered back projection reconstruction (FBP). Mean CT values, image noise, SNR, SAIR, image quality scores, stents detecting and radiation dose of aortic root, inner-stent, and the coronary artery proximal to the stent were compared. Results The mean CT value of aortic root, inner-stent, and the coronary artery proximal to the stent of 100 kV group was higher than that of 120 kV group (t=2.75, 11.77 and 3.19, P<0.05), while image noise and SAIR of 100 kV group were lower than those of 120 kV group (t=-2.53 and -9.51, P<0.05). SNR of aortic root, inner-stent, and the coronary artery proximal to the stent was not statistically different between the two groups (t= -1.34, -0.95 and 1.67, P>0.05). There was no statistic difference of image quality score between the two groups (t= -0.203, P>0.05). Totally there were 243 stents detected, including 67 of right coronary artery, 123 of left anterior descending, 36 of left circumflex, and 17 of other branches. Stent length ranged 3.8 to 98.7 mm and averaged (27.5±16.4) mm. The CTDIvol, DLP and ED of 100 kV group were lower than those of 120 kV group (t= -11.03, -9.41 and -9.41, P<0.05). The effective dosage reduced about 51.5% in 100 kV group when compared with that of 120 kV group. Conclusion The second generation dual source CT low tube voltage (100 kV) combined with SAFIRE in assessing coronary artery stent could meet the diagnostic requirement and reduce the radiation dosage, without increasing image noise and beam hardening artifacts.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of complete mesogaster excision in the radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods The clinical data of 100 patients with distal gastric cancer who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2011 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients underwent complete mesogaster excision in D2 radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.The operation quality was evaluated according to operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,mean number of lymph nodes dissected,time to flatus,volume of drainage and duration of postoperative hospital stay.Patients were followed up by outpatient examination and telephone interview till May 2014.Results Complete mesogaster excision in the radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer was successfully carried out on all the 100 patients.The operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,mean number of lymph nodes dissected,time to flatus,volume of drainage and duration of postoperative hospital stay were (118 ± 34) minutes (range,90-160 minutes),(80±25)mL (range,45-135 mL),38± 10 (range,25-52),(3.0 ± 1.2)days (range,1.5-4.5 days),(62±15)mL (range,15-85 mL) and (7.0±1.5)days (range,4.0-11.5 days),respectively.According to the postoperative pathological results,there were 36 patients with high differentiated gastric carcinoma,38 with moderate and/or low differentiated gastric carcinoma,17 with low differentiated gastric carcinoma and 9 with signet ring cell carcinoma.After operation,3 patients had gastroplegia,2 with poor healing of abdominal incision,2 with duodenal stump fistula,1 with pancreatic fistula,and all of them were cured by conservative treatment.All the 100 patients were followed up for a mean time of 25.6 months (range,17.6-39.2 months).There was no tumor recurrence.Conclusions Complete mesogaster excision in the radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer is safe and feasible,with the advantage of minimal trauma,low morbidity and quick recovery during the follow up.

Objective To compare the dosimetric difference between RapidArc and fixed gantry angle dynamic intensity modulated radiotherapy (dIMRT) in developing the pre-operative radiotherapy for rectal cancer patients.Methods Two techniques,RapidArc and dIMRT,were used respectively to develop the synchronous intensity modulated plans for 10 stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ rectal cancer patients at the dose of gross tumor volume (GTV) of 50.6 Gy divided into 22 fractions and planning target volume (PTV) of 41.8 Gy divided into 22 fractions.Both plans satisfied the condition of 95% of PTV covered by 41.8 Gy.The dose-volume histogram data,isodose distribution,monitor units,and treatment time were compared.Results The two kinds of dose volume histogram (DVH) developed by these two techniques were almost the same.The conformal indexes of GTV and PTV by RapidArc were better than those by dIMRT (t =7.643,8.226 ,P < 0.05),while the homogeneity of target volume by dIMRT was better (t =-10.065,-4.235 ,P <0.05).The dose of rectum and small bowel planned by RapidArc was significantly lower than that by dIMRT (t =2.781 ,P <0.05).There were no significant differences in the mean doses of bladder and femoral head between these two techniques.The mean monitor units of RapidArc was 475.5,fewer by 48.5% in comparison with that by the dIMRT (924.6).The treatment mean time by RapidArc was 1.2min,shorter by 79.5% in comparison with that by dIMRT (5.58 min).Conclusions There is no significant dosimetric difference between the two plans of RapidArc and dIMRT.Compared with dIMRT,RapidArc achieves equal target coverage and organs at risk(OAR) sparing while using fewer monitor units and less time during radiotherapy for patient with rectal cancer.

BACKGROUND:Advancement in bioengineering based upon tissue engineering techniques may offer the possibility of repairing degenerative intervertebral disc.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress in the scaffolds of tissue engineered intervertebral disc.
METHODS:A computer-based retrieval was performed to search manuscripts describing tissue engineered intervertebral disc scaffolds published between January 1st, 1900 and December 31st, 2012 in PubMed database with the key words of“tissue engineering, intervertebral disc, scaffold”in English.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Scaffold is an important part of tissue-engineered research. There are three kinds of materials for intervertebral disc scaffolds:natural biomaterials, synthetic materials, and composite materials. A variety of scaffold materials have their own advantages and disadvantages. Up to now, none of these scaffold materials is accepted as the most suitable one. The selection of scaffold materials is stil to be further studied. The study and development of nanoscale biomaterials is an inevitable trend. Otherwise, with the help of bionics, improving scaffolds is also an inexorable trend in progress of simulating human intervertebral disc. Furthermore, injectable scaffold is also an research hot spot, and the selection range of injectable scaffold materials mainly focuses on chitosan, typeⅡcolagen,hyaluronic acid,fibrin,elastin,and alginate.C urrently, studies on chitosan as a scaffold material are relatively more.

Objective To study the optimal dose of dexmedetomidine for preventing of shive-ring during caesarean section under epidural anesthesia.Methods One hundred and twenty ASA Ⅰ orⅡ parturients with a single baby at full term in vertex presentation,scheduled for caesarean section under continuous epidural anesthesia,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=30 each):group D1, group D2,group D3 and group N (control group).After delivery of the baby,The group D1,group D2 and group D3 were received an intravenous infusion loading dose of 0.2μg/kg,0.5μg/kg and 0.8μg/kg of dexmedetomidine within 10 minutes respectively,and following with an intravenous infusion 0.4 μg·kg-1·h-1 of dexmedetomidine until peritoneal closure.The group N received an intravenous infusion 0.1 ml·kg-1·h-1 of normal saline.Results The incidence and degree of shivering in group D2 and group D3 were lower than those in group D1 and group N(P<0.05),but there were no statistics differences between group D2 and group D3.Conclusion Administration of dexmedetomidine can re-duce the occurrence of shivering during caesarean section under epidural anesthesia,and a loading dose of 0.5 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine is the optimal dose.

PurposeTo analyze the urinary stone chemical composition using dual source CT (DSCT) dual energy imaging.Materials and MethodsNinety-seven stone samples with known chemical composition were placed in fresh swine kidneys and examined with DSCT dual energy scan, including 55 calcium oxalate stones, 13 hydroxyapatite stones, 9 uric acid stones, 4 cystine stones, 2 struvite stones and 14 mixed stones. The mean attenuation values and dual energy index (DEI) were measured at 80 kV and 140 kV. The stone composition was analyzed to determine the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.ResultsDual energy analysis showed 59 calcium oxalate stones, 11 hydroxyapatite stones, 9 uric acid stones, 4 cystine stones and 14 mixed stones. 2 hydroxyapatite stones were erroneously marked as calcium oxalate stones and 2 struvite stones as calcium oxalate stones. The accuracy was 95.88% (93/97). The difference CT value at 80 kV and 140 kV and DEI value were statistically significant (P<0.05). The sensitivity for detecting calcium oxalate stones, hydroxyapatite stones, uric acid stones and cysteine stones were 100.00%, 84.60%, 100.00% and 100.00%, respectively; with specificity of 85.70%, 100.00%, 100.00% and 100.00%, respectively; and the accuracy were 95.18%, 97.59%, 100.00% and 100.00%, respectively.ConclusionDSCT dual energy imaging accurately analyzes the chemical composition of urinary stone in vitro, which provides important clinical value in analyzing the urinary stonesin vivo.

BACKGROUND: There are different methods to isolate and culture human nucleus pulposus cells, and the differences in digestive enzymes components and digestion time quite are significant. So how to rapidly and efficiently harvest human nucleus pulposus cells has become a research hotspot. OBJECTIVE: To optimize the digestive enzymes components and digestion methods for the preparation of human nucleus pulposus cells. METHODS: Nucleus pulposus tissue specimens were selected from three adult discs in the Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University. The acute traumatic disc tissues that outstanding to the spinal canal were taken under aseptic conditions, and then the peripheral white annulus and jel y-like nucleus pulposus in the center could be seen. According to different mixed enzyme concentration ratio, the samples were divided into two groups. The enzyme Ⅰ group was treated with 0.2% Ⅱ col agenase; and the mixed enzymeⅡ group was digested with 0.25% trypsin for 30 minutes, and then treated with 0.2% Ⅱ col agenase. According to digestion time, each group was divided into three subgroups: 2 hours group, 4 hours group, and overnight group. Final y, suspended cel volume was decided as 2 mL to count cells. Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium containing fetal bovine serum was used for cel culture in vitro. Trypan blue staining was performed to count total cel number and ratio of living cells. Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay was used to detect the growth curve of nucleus pulposus cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Based on the two digestion enzyme concentration, the number of digested cells in the enzyme Ⅰ group was larger than that in the enzyme Ⅱ group after digested for 2 and 4 hours, but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). Overnight, cellsurvival rate was decreased in the enzyme Ⅰ group after digested for 2 and 4 hours when compared with the enzyme Ⅱ group, and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). After digested for 4 hours, tissue blocks disappeared, and the number of cells reached maximum. The results indicate that enzyme Ⅰgroup composite with Ⅱ col agenase is benefit for the separation of nucleus pulposus cells, and the digestion time is appropriate to 4 hours. This condition has the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency and low cost, and it considered that digestion of nucleus pulposus tissues with 0.2% Ⅱ col agenase for 4 hours is the best condition to obtain nucleus pulposus cells.

Objective To evaluate the outcome and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) versus endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in the management of esophageal mucosal lesion.Methods The clinical data of 70 patients with esophageal mucosal lesion were analyzed.Twenty-five patients were treated by ESD (ESD group) and 45 patients were treated by EMR (EMR group).The enbloc resection rate,tissue healing resection rate,operation time,complication and recurrence rate were compared between two groups.Results The enbloc resection rate,tissue healing resection rate in ESD group were significantly higher than those in EMR group [60.0％(15/25) vs.48.9％(22/45),48.0％(12/25) vs.40.0％ (18/45)] (P ＜0.05).The local recurrence rate in ESD group was lower than that in EMR group [4.0％ (1/25) vs.20.0％ (9/45)] (P ＜ 0.05).The severe complication such as delayed hemorrhage,perforation,stenosis between two groups had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The operation time in ESD group was (64.3 ±27.1) min,and significantly longer than that in EMR group [(27.6 ± 14.1) min] (P ＜0.05).Conclusions Compare with EMR,ESD has better enbloc resection rate,tissue healing resection rate,and lower recurrence rate.It is more safe and effective in the therapy of esophageal mucosal disease.